都匀市区小学校园声环境质量类型变化

2003年都匀市区各小学校园声环境质量状况监测和系统聚类分析结果表明,市区的小学校园声环境质量状况分为清静型、扰闹型、持续吵闹型和断续吵闹型共4种类型。到2012年,这种状况发生了很大的变化,断续吵闹型校园消失,持续吵闹型小学校园的数量则明显增加了。     

新型全氟化合物——全氟烷基磷酸对环境影响的研究综述

全氟烷基磷酸是一种新型全氟化表面活性剂,被广泛应用于匀染剂、湿润剂和农药中的消泡添加剂等。在美国,基于对其潜在毒性的考虑,美国环境保护总署已禁止全氟烷基磷酸在粮食作物农药中使用。从全氟烷基磷酸的注册使用情况、结构与环境行为、环境介质中的浓度水平和生物暴露毒性等方面分别展开论述,旨在为中国开展该类物质的环境研究提供可借鉴依据。     

工业园区环境风险源识别与分级研究

以多年来中国各行业突发环境事故统计数据为基础,选取了对于企业突发环境事件有重大影响的7个因子以及17个指标,采用指标因子分析法对其进行定量,应用层次分析法确定各因子的权重,从而确定企业环境风险水平值。基于"危险物质水平—企业环境风险水平—周边环境受体状况"体系,构建了环境风险源分级矩阵,形成了包括"环境风险源初筛","环境风险源分级"的两步工业园区环境风险源识别与分级方法。该方法提出的工业园区环境风险源识别与分级体系具有科学性和可行性,能为工业园区环境风险管理提供依据。     

建设项目竣工验收现场平行样控制指标研究

依据建设项目竣工环境保护验收中污水监测的要求,通过积累大量验收监测质量检查的实验数据,运用数理统计的方法,以化学需氧量和氨氮两个项目为例,建立了质控数据的评价方法,并确定了现场平行样偏差指标的限値。     

清河流域水质目标管理技术应用示范

针对清河流域三级水生态功能分区功能定位和水质保护目标,按照"分类、分区、分级、分期"理念,应用流域水质目标管理技术方法,研究清河流域控制单元污染负荷核定、水环境容量计算与分配、污染负荷削减、污染物总量控制等关键技术应用示范,完善流域水质目标管理技术,为清河流域水环境管理提供科技支撑。     

核化危害源项反演技术现状及研究展望

源项反演对缓解和遏制核化危害源、精准预测核化危害时空传输和扩散情况、辅助作战行动和保障决策等具有十分重要的意义.本文从源项反演应用平台和源项反演关键算法(包括欧拉方法、拉格朗日方法、深度学习等)两个方面,对国内外核化危害源项反演技术的现状和二者间的差距进行了总结与分析.研究指出,利用深度学习提高反演精度和速率、从单污染...     

Return to the River: Environmental Flow Policy in the United States and Canada1

Abstract: This paper provides an overview and summary of United States and Canadian federal, state, and provincial laws that offer some form of legal protection for environmental flows. Special attention is given to the new “second generation” law established in Texas and to ways western states are beginning to encourage transactions that help restore dewatered streams. Progress in the eastern states and some Canadian provinces to provide environmental flow protection is addressed. Based on this review, this paper presents recommended elements of a “model” environmental flow policy.     

电极移动速度效应检测仪系统的研究

分析了国际静电放电测试研究领域现有的各种测试研究装置特点，为克服已有测试装置缺陷本团队研发设计出一种全新的静电放电测试研究系统—电极移动速度效应检测仪。对其结构设计特点、功能进行了分析。我们研制的新型静电放电测试系统兼具实现真实直线运动准确调节和多环境因素可控的优点，彻底解决了困扰国际电磁兼容静电放电研究领域电极需高速向靶移动放电与避免强烈撞击损坏仪器的难题，实现了对多种因素影响逐一准确控制，为静电放电性质更为深入广泛的研究提供了新的手段和平台。     

提高建设项目环境影响评价质量的对策建议

针对目前我国环评机构鱼龙混杂,环评从业人员素质良莠不齐,建设项目环评质量亟待提高等问题,本文就环评过程中存在的问题和不足进行剖析,并就如何提高建设项目环评质量提出对策建议。     

Integrating Paleobiology,Archeology, and History to Inform Biological Conservation

The search for novel approaches to establishing ecological baselines (reference conditions) is constrained by the fact that most ecological studies span the past few decades, at most, and investigate ecosystems that have been substantially altered by human activities for decades, centuries, or more. Paleobiology, archeology, and history provide historical ecological context for biological conservation, remediation, and restoration. We argue that linking historical ecology explicitly with conservation can help unify related disciplines of conservation paleobiology, conservation archeobiology, and environmental history. Differences in the spatial and temporal resolution and extent (scale) of prehistoric, historic, and modern ecological data remain obstacles to integrating historical ecology and conservation biology, but the prolonged temporal extents of historical ecological data can help establish more complete baselines for restoration, document a historical range of ecological variability, and assist in determining desired future conditions. We used the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fishery of the Chesapeake Bay (U.S.A.) to demonstrate the utility of historical ecological data for elucidating oyster conservation and the need for an approach to conservation that transcends disciplinary boundaries. Historical ecological studies from the Chesapeake have documented dramatic declines (as much as 99%) in oyster abundance since the early to mid‐1800s, changes in oyster size in response to different nutrient levels from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries, and substantial reductions in oyster accretion rates (from 10 mm/year to effectively 0 mm/year) from the Late Holocene to modern times. Better integration of different historical ecological data sets and increased collaboration between paleobiologists, geologists, archeologists, environmental historians, and ecologists to create standardized research designs and methodologies will help unify prehistoric, historic, and modern time perspectives on biological conservation. Integración de Paleobiología, Arqueología e Historia para Informar a la Biología de la Conservación