Recent advances in arsenic mutagenesis and carcinogenesis†

Arsenic is ubiquitously distributed in nature and is released into the environment through non‐ferrous smelting operations, generation of power from coal, and agriculture.

Epidemiological studies have shown that the incidences of epidermoid carcinomas of the skin and lungs, and of pre‐cancerous dermal keratoses are significantly increased in human subjects exposed to arsenic compounds by oral or respiratory routes. The negative results obtained on animals treated with arsenicals suggest strongly that this metal is probably a cocarcinogen.

The results of the short‐term tests suggest that the cocarcinogenic properties of arsenic could be related to its ability to inhibit DNA repair.     

Benefits and risks associated with consumption of Great Lakes fish containing omega-3 fatty acids and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

正Introduction Assessment of environmental health effects arising from exposure to multiple substances is often very challenging.This is particularly true when humans are exposed to a mixture that contains both beneficial and harmful substances.A good example relates to the risk and benefits of fish consumption.     

广州市SARS传播与空气污染相关性研究

探讨SARS传播与空气污染的关系.根据广州市及周边城市自SARS发病以来主要空气污染物的监测统计结果,结合广州市SARS发病例数和气象观测资料等进行相关性研究,并与香港进行对比.结果表明,广州市SARS发病数与发病前5 d的可吸入颗粒物污染浓度密切相关,香港SARS发病数与发病前1～2 d的可吸入颗粒物污染浓度密切相关.研究表明,SARS发病数与发病前空气污染状况有密切关系.     

再生水补给型水体中病原微生物的来源、归宿及其风险评估

我国北方地区,以污水处理厂出水等非常规水源补给为主的河/湖逐渐成为城市群下游河流的主导类型;以污水处理厂尾水为补给水源的湿地公园近年来亦大量涌现.在节约城市用水、改善生态环境的同时,污水所携带的病原体对环境安全和人类健康带来潜在的威胁.为评估水环境病原微生物污染的健康风险,深入了解水体中病毒的类型以及病毒污染与环境因素之间的关系,认识病原微生物在水环境系统中的迁移轨迹、人暴露风险点及暴露途径具有重要的意义.针对典型再生水补给型水体存在的公共卫生安全问题,借鉴同时探索污水流行病学方法,并结合微生物定量风险评估（QMRA）分析,通过“污染-风险评价-风险预警”的流程,可以实现病原微生物污染全过程风险管理,为城市水环境的管理和良性运行提供理论支撑.