负载型TiO2膜太阳光光催化降解活性深蓝K-R的研究

采用抛物线槽型反应装置，研究了玻璃弹簧和微珠负载型TiO₂膜太阳光催化降解活性深蓝K-R，结果表明,由于玻璃弹簧具有良好的光透距离，脱色性能显著优于玻璃微珠，玻璃弹簧为载体，水溶液浓度为15mg/L,pH为3,流速为20mL/s,太阳光强度在1200 μW/cm₂以上，光降解6h时，脱色率达到96%； 该降解反应可用一级反应动力学方程进行描述，反应速率常数（K）与光强I的关系为：K∝I1.92。     

Effects of the Interaction between Genetic Diversity and UV-B Radiation on Wood Frog Fitness

Abstract:  Genetic diversity may buffer amphibian populations against environmental vicissitudes. We hypothesized that wood frogs (  Rana sylvatica ) from populations with lower genetic diversity are more susceptible to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation than those from populations with higher diversity. We used RAPD markers to obtain genetic diversity estimates for 12 wood frog populations. We reared larval wood frogs from these populations and exposed experimental groups of eggs and larvae to one of three treatments: unfiltered sunlight, sunlight filtered through a UV-B-blocking filter (Mylar), and sunlight filtered through a UV-B-transmitting filter (acetate). In groups exposed to UV-B, larval mortality and deformity rates increased significantly, but egg mortality did not. We found a significant negative relationship between genetic diversity and egg mortality, larval mortality, and deformity rates. Furthermore, the interaction between UV-B treatment and genetic diversity significantly affected larval mortality. Populations with low genetic diversity experienced higher larval mortality rates when exposed to UV-B than did populations with high genetic diversity. This is the first time an interaction between genetic diversity and an environmental stressor has been documented in amphibians. Differences in genetic diversity among populations, coupled with environmental stressors, may help explain patterns of amphibian decline.     

ALGAL BLOOM PROBABILITY IN A LARGE SUBTROPICAL LAKE1

ABSTRACT: Algal blooms, defined as chlorophyll α concentrations greater than 40 μg l^?1, are common in Lake Okeechobee, Florida. Using logistic regression techniques, we have developed equations that relate limnological variables to algal bloom occurrence in four distinct open-water regions of this large shallow lake: central pelagic, northwest, southwest, and a transition region between the western and pelagic regions. Wind velocity and total phosphorus, which are closely related to resuspended material in the central region, are negatively related to algal bloom occurrence there. In the transition region, algal bloom occurrence is positively related to total nitrogen and wind velocity. Algal bloom occurrence is strongly and positively related to total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations in the western regions. The logistic regression model predicts an algal bloom probability greater than 95 percent in the northwest region when total phosphorus exceeds 0.10 mg l^?1 and total nitrogen exceeds 2.5 mg l^?1. In the southwest region the model predicts algal bloom probability of 100 percent when total phosphorus exceeds 0.10 mg l^?1 and total nitrogen exceeds 2.8 mg l^?1. Given 1994 mean total phosphorus concentrations of 0.05 and 0.04 mg l^?1 in the northwest and southwest regions, respectively, total nitrogen would have to remain below 1.32 and 1.43 mg l^?1, respectively, to keep the algal bloom probability below 10 percent. Because the lake is heterogenous, such nutrient standards should be considered on an in-lake regional basis for Lake Okeechobee.     

重庆雾的声雷达回波与大气SO2浓度的对比分析

本文分析了重庆１９８９年１２月３０日雾的声雷达回波特征与浓雾天气的关系，讨论了雾日大气ＳＯ２地面浓度状况。结果表明，声雷达回波与雾的定变有较好的对应；地面污染物浓度与声雷达回波所反应的大气层结状况关系密切，３００－４００米高度上的逆温层维持较长时间是加重当日大气ＳＯ２地面浓度的重要原因。     

关于不同海拔高度宇宙射线吸收剂量率测量方法的探讨

本文报道了使用FT—620型照射量率仪和高压电离室对四川省不同海拔高度宇宙射线电离成份所致空气吸收剂量率的测量结果。测量水面是四川省的三岔湖(海拨461米);邛海(海拔1510米);泸沽湖(海拔2690米)。根据测量结果经过换算,得出了在一定的地理纬度下,宇宙射线电离成份所致空气吸收剂量率随海拔高度的变化曲线。由此可评价不同海拨高度地区,宇宙射线电离成份所致居民受照剂量和计算陆地r辐射剂量率     

电子设备太阳辐射模拟试验分析与探讨

阐述了太阳辐射对电子产品的影响,介绍了试验的种类和进行选择的标准,重点分析了日辐射强度及其谱能分布、试验温度、湿度和风速等基本参数的确定依据和有关试验技术,并对太阳辐射试验模拟设备的研制提出设计要求,为我国自行研制非标环境试验设备提供了依据.     

Effects of lanthanum（Ⅲ） on nitrogen metabolism of soybean seedlings under elevated UV-B radiation

The hydroponic culture experiments of soybean bean seedlings were conducted to investigate the effect of lanthanum(La)on nitrogen metabolism under two different levels of elevated UV-B radiation(UV-B,280-320 nm).The whole process of nitrogen metabolism involves uptake and transport of nitrate,nitrate assimilation,ammonium assimilation,amino acid biosynthesis,and protein synthesis. Compared with the control,UV-B radiation with the intensity of low level 0.15 W/m~2 and high level 0.45 W/m~2 significantly affected the whole nitrogen metabolism in soybean seedlings(p<0.05).It restricted uptake and transport of NO_3~-,inhibited activity of some key nitrogen-metabolism-related enzymes,such as:nitrate reductase(NR)to the nitrate reduction,glutamine systhetase(GS)and glutamine synthase(GOGAT)to the ammonia assimilation,while it increased the content of free amino acids and decreased that of soluble protein as well.The damage effect of high level of UV-B radiation on nitrogen metabolism was greater than that of low level. And UV-B radiation promoted the activity of the anti-adversity enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH),which reduced the toxicity of excess ammonia in plant.After pretreatment with the optimum concentration of La(20 mg/L),La could increase the activity of NR, GS,GOGAT,and GDH,and ammonia assimilation,but decrease nitrate and ammonia accumulation.In conclusion,La could relieve the damage effect of UV-B radiation on plant by regulating nitrogen metabolism process,and its alleviating effect under low level was better than that under the high one.     

济南市电磁辐射环境污染状况评价与分析

本文通过对济南市电磁辐射污染源、电磁辐射环境的调查、评价与分析 ,基本查清电磁辐射污染源的污染状况、布局以及对大环境的影响情况 ,初步得出济南市的电磁辐射环境基本是清洁的结论。     

染料敏化太阳能电池纳米TiO2制备及多孔电极膜研究进展

本文就目前在染料敏化太阳能电池产业化中急需解决的TiO2纳晶制备、电极薄膜修饰与改进等热点问题的最新研究进展进行了综合评述,分析了存在的问题并提出了对策.     

2003年北京地区年雨量的预测

通过对北京地区1870年以来年雨量与太阳活动和厄尔尼诺年关系的处理分析,给出了一种预测北京地区年雨量的数学模型,在前5年预测的基础上,给出2003年北京地区年雨量的预测值为450±50mm。