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251.
Monitoring and dispersion modelling of emissions from the fluidised bed combustion of poultry litter
Henihan AM Kelleher BP Leahy MJ Cummins E Leahy JJ 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,85(3):239-255
Gaseous emissions from the fluidised bed combustion of chickenlitter were monitored and recorded. Emission data was used tocreate a dispersion model for a proposed site on a poultry farmin Limerick, Ireland. Variables within the combustion unit notonly influenced combustion but also emission levels ofpollutants such as SO2 and NOx. CO emissions decreased withuse of the correct ratio between fluidising and secondary air,the staging of secondary air and the degree of turbulence withwhich the secondary air is introduced. Dispersion modelling ofactual combustion at a proposed poultry unit predicted thatground level concentrations for the set of emissions data wouldbe below the limits and guidelines set by air quality standards.This was true for both and line source. Line sourceconcentration levels were less than those for point source. 相似文献
252.
A methodology for the discrimination of the different trophic levels at a spatial scale in the marine environment is proposedusing spatial analysis methods and non-parametric statistics. Phytoplankton cell number, being a representative parameter to express trophic trends in the marine ecosystem is selected forthe methodology development; Saronicos Gulf, Greece is used for the case study. The proposed stepwise methodology includes interpolation for assessing the spatial distribution of phytoplankton cell number, division of the Gulf into a number of quadrates, development of a scale characterising trophic levels and finally characterisation of the trophic state ofeach quadrate using non-parametric statistics. The advantages of this methodology and the potential applications in coastal management studies are also discussed. 相似文献
253.
Nives Štambuk-Giljanović 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2001,71(3):279-296
The article presents the results of chemical andmicrobiological measurements of the water quality in theBuko Blato reservoir, the largest in Europe, in the period 1989 to 1998.The aim was to observe possiblechanges in water quality during the past decade and itsinfluence on the downstream section of the Cetina River andits numerous tributaries and reservoirs, where there are twolarge regional water supply systems. This reservoir wasbuilt in order to exploit the high hydro-electric potentialof small streamflows in the karst fields of south-westernBosnia. It has strongly influenced the hydrologicconditions of the downstream section of the Cetina River.Buko Blato is a relatively shallow reservoir with the meandepth of 5 m. It covers an area of 57 km2. The waterexchange in the reservoir is slow, occurring from one toseveral years. When the water inflow exceeds the hydroelectric plant demands the excess water is delivered by a reversible channel and pre-pumped into the Buko Blato reservoir. The total and carbonate water hardness in thereservoir is lower than in the Cetina River and in typicalkarst streamflows, since the water in this reservoir comesmainly from surface sources including numerous springs withhigh capacity oscillations, torrents and rainfall.Measurements, carried out during the past years, showed asignificant increase in nitrate content as well as in thecoli bacteria and a less significant increase in totalphosphorus content. The water quality was evaluated asmezotrophic according to the total phosphorus content basedon the Carlson index of trophic level, a lower quality thanin the Perua reservoir, upstream on the Cetina River. Thelatter contains a smaller phosphorus content and wasclassed between oligotrophic and mezotrophic. According tothese data, employing the Vollenweider equation, the totalphosphorus content in this water should not exceed the meanof 20 mg m-3 P. The results indicate that the water inthe Buko Blato reservoir did not deteriorate the waterquality on the downstream section of the Cetina River. 相似文献
254.
蘑菇湖水库已处于富营养-重富营养阶段.正在由响应型向非响应型湖泊演变.导致这一结果的原因是多年来石河子市工农业废水和生活污水中所含氮、磷元素超负荷地进入水库,由此引起了水生生态系统的一系列生态变迁和恶性演化. 相似文献
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257.
武汉东湖的生态环境变迁与恢复问题 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
武汉东湖的治理问题受到了各方面关注。根据东湖多年的环境监测、科学调查的数据、成果,概述东湖水生态环境从20世纪70年代来的演变、恶化和富营养化情况,分析了东湖近十多年来的治理成效,存在的问题。文章的重点在湖泊的恢复,就东湖的特点,在内、外源治理、恢复响应时间、生物控制等介绍了国外的经验,并提出了建议。 相似文献
258.
水体富营养化及其防治 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
由于人类活动的影响,氮磷等营养物质大量排入水体并在其中不断积累,引起部分藻类和水生生物过度繁殖,造成水体的富营养化.本文对水体富营养化的形成机理、危害作了简要概述,着重从控制外源输入、降低内源负荷、去除营养物等三个方面,对现有的水体富营养化防治措施进行了概括和比较,并讨论了相应的发展方向,提出了综合防治策略. 相似文献
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含磷废水处理的研究现状 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
简要介绍了含磷废水造成的富营养化问题所带来的危害,分析了含磷废水的主要来源,详尽介绍了当前处理含磷废水的各种不同方法,主要介绍了化学沉淀法、生物法、吸附法等在含磷废水处理方面的应用。最后,简要介绍了排放废水污染的控制与恢复。 相似文献