Environmetrical interpretation of analytical data of marine organisms from the black sea

The environmetrical analysis of the benthic organisms data set from a Black sea region has revealed new information concerning the chemical content and the bioindicating abilities of polychaeta (Melina palmata), Crustacea (Aspendopsis ostroumovi) and molluscs (Mytilus gallo‐provincialis). The application of various multivariate statistical approaches like cluster and principal component analysis, linear regression and partial least square modeling, source apportioning makes it possible to understand in a better way the properties of the benthic organism as collectors of pollutants in a total and a more specific mode. It is shown that heavily polluted coastal zones are indicated in the same way by all benthic species but some specificity could be detected when moderately polluted zones are considered. In this case polychaeta accumulated preferably Co, Cr, Cu and Pb Crustacea ‐ As, Cd and Ni and molluscs ‐ Zn to a limited extent.

PCA identified three latent factors (“anthropogenic flotation”;, “anthropogenic galvanic”; and “naturally occurring") which explain about 65% of the total variance of the system and determine the data set structure. The source apportioning on the absolute principal component scores proved that none of the metals is quantitatively linked with only one anthropogenic or natural source.

The linear regression and PLS models have indicated that a reliable prognosis of the pollution on some naturally occurring chemical components (e.g. linear regression on Zn for Cr and Ni) or combination of them (PLS modeling on Mn/Zn or on Mn/Zn/Fe for the rest of the pollutants) could be achieved.     

2005年7-8月国内环境事件数据

简要统计了2005年7-8月国内发生的各种环境事件140起,包括沙尘天气1起,污染事件28起,地震7起,虫害3起,旱灾6起,山体滑坡和泥石流25起,以及其他自然灾害90起.最后对统计结果进行了讨论.     

2005年3-4月国内环境事件数据

简要统计了2005年3-4月国内发生的各种环境事件109起,包括沙尘天气(14起)、污染事件(38起)、山体滑坡和泥石流(15起)、地震(4起)、虫害(3起)、旱灾(6起)以及其他自然灾害(29起).最后对统计结果进行了讨论.     

中强地震区地震烈度统计拟合因素评估

目前地震危险性综合概率分析方法中的地震动参数衰减规律一般是由研究区地震烈度和参考区地震动参数经过映射方法得出的,而烈度统计结果依赖于不同模型和不同回归方法,因此,合理评估烈度影响因素有很大现实应用价值,它直接影响地震危险性分析结果。以我国中南地区地震烈度资料,用不同回归拟合方法研究该地区地震烈度随震中距和面波震级变化的等效圆、椭圆和综合椭圆模型分布关系,考虑震级和距离因素的相关性,比较分析已有结果,评估中强地震区烈度模型和回归方法对烈度的拟合影响,结果可供该地区地震小区划和设定地震动参数参考。     

Application of Rice’s theory to recurrence statistics of concentration fluctuations in dispersing plumes

Rice’s theory for the statistical properties of random noise currents has been employed in the context of concentration fluctuations in dispersing plumes. Within this context, the theory has been extended to calculate the distribution of excursion times above a small threshold for arbitrary spacings between an up-crossing and the successive down-crossing. This approach has then been applied to a second-order stochastic model for the evolution of odour concentrations and their time derivative (simple model), and to the superstatistics extension of this model [Reynolds (2007) Phys. Fluids]. In agreement with the measurements of Yee and coworkers [Yee et al. (1993) Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 65, Yee et al. (1994) J. Appl. Meteorol. 33 ], both formulations predict a distribution of excursion times that can be well approximated by a power-law profile with exponent close to −3/2. For the superstatistical model the power-law profile extends over approximately three or more decades, for the simple model this range is smaller. Compared to the simple model, predictions for the superstatistical model are in a better agreement with the measurements.     

统计学在垃圾焚烧飞灰浸提液重金属检测准确性研究中的应用

为提高复杂基体重金属检测准确性,在使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测生活垃圾焚烧飞灰浸提液时,进行标准曲线法、标准加入法和内标法3种定量校准方法比对。3种方法报出结果经过加标回收率换算后的样品原值具有明显一致性,使用统计学方差齐性和单因素方差分析验证了该一致性成立,表明内标法的精密度和准确度与标准曲线法、标准加入法无显著性差别。以3种方法样品原值的算数平均值作为样品最佳估计值评价各方法实际报出结果准确性,标准加入法准确性最好;稀释后的样品内标法加标回收率明显优于标准规定,受稀释倍数影响不大,工作效率高,满足HJ 781—2016质控要求,建议可作为该标准的补充;建议批量样品检测时优先采用内标法。3种方法样品原值一致性的验证,有助于执法、科研中对于复杂基体重金属物质含量的准确判断。     

Best linear unbiased estimators for the simple linear regression model using ranked set sampling

When sample observations are expensive or difficult to obtain, ranked set sampling is known to be an efficient method for estimating the population mean, and in particular to improve on the sample mean estimator. Using best linear unbiased estimators, this paper considers the simple linear regression model with replicated observations. Use of a form of ranked set sampling is shown to be markedly more efficient for normal data when compared with the traditional simple linear regression estimators.     

PRECIPITATION DIFFERENCES AMONGST GCMs USED FOR THE U.S. NATIONAL ASSESSMENT1

ABSTRACT: Two general circulation models (GCMs) used in the U.S. national assessment of the potential consequences of climate variability and change (CGCM1 and HadCM2) show a large increase in precipitation in the future over the southwestern U.S., particularly during winter. This precipitation increase is an extension of a larger region of increased precipitation in the Pacific Ocean off the west coast of North America that is associated with a deepened and southward-shifted Aleutian Low, a weaker subtropical high, and warmer sea surface temperatures (SSTs). The models differ in their simulation of precipitation anomalies over the southeastern U.S., with CGCM1 showing drier conditions and HadCM2 showing wetter conditions in the future. While both models show decreased frequency of Atlantic storms, consistent with decreased meridional and land/sea temperature gradients, the more coastal position of the storm track in CGCM1 results in less precipitation than modern along the eastern seaboard of the U.S. During summer, differences in land surface models within the two GCMs sometimes lead to differences in soil moisture that feed back to the precipitation over land due to available moisture.     

建立基于EGSS 的中国环保产业统计框架的思路

欧盟统计署制定的环境货物和服务部门(environmental goods and services sector,EGSS)统计框架是目前国际认可的专门用于环保产业统计的框架体系,具有全面性、多维性和一致性等特点。本文分析了目前中国环保产业统计概况,初步比较了通过公开的常规统计数据收集EGSS数据和环保产业调查收集EGSS数据的可行性,提出实施"分阶段渐进式"策略逐步引入EGSS统计框架较为可行。     

山西省排污权交易体系改进设计

本文在山西省排污权交易工作现有交易机制、政策设计与实践成果的基础上,分析现有排污权交易实施过程中存在的主要问题,并结合"十三五"时期国家对排污权交易工作的总体要求,提出山西省排污交易体系的改进设计建议。通过改进排污权初始分配方式和排污权交易模式,制定活跃排污权交易市场的相关政策,强化市场与政府的对接,探索山西省地方立法,扩展山西省排污权交易管理平台等,逐步完善交易制度建设、监管体系建设、信息统计体系建设,深化排污权交易支持下的山西省总量减排及环境监管能力建设,构建管理规范、交易顺畅的排污指标交易市场,支持排污权交易工作在山西省的全面推广与实施。