发达国家城市环境治理的若干经验

发达国家城市环境治理的经验主要有:完善环境保护法律制度,保证治理措施的有效实施;健全环境管理体系,强化环境行政管理;注意推动自愿性行动来保护环境,积极推动公众参与环境治理;运用经济手段,制定激励奖惩措施,提高环境治理的效率;合理划分环境治理权限,建立权威性的管理机构;大量发展环境教育,通过民众环境保护意识,形成民族心理;加大科技投入,注重科技进步,发展环保产业。这些经验及其教训留给人们诸多启示,值得中国学习与借鉴。     

清洁生产在企业发展循环经济中的应用

我国人口众多,资源相对贫乏,生态环境脆弱。当前,继续沿用原来的"三高"粗放型生产模式,必然会对现有的资源和生态环境造成更大的浪费和破坏,走循环经济之路已成为我国贯彻落实科学发展观,实现可持续发展战略的必然选择。本文针对我国的实际,分析了企业的生存现状,叙述了清洁生产、循环经济的含义,着重提出企业推行清洁生产,向循环经济型企业转化的重要性。     

海洋经济发展中的区域经济理论探讨

以江苏沿海经济发展为研究对象,通过分析江苏沿海区域在经历了产业梯度转移理论指导,再引入增长极理论,制定区域海洋经济发展战略.分析了江苏沿海盐城、连云港、南通三市的区位特点,选择三市作为江苏海洋经济发展的增长中心,确定各市的主导产业,最终达到缩小江苏沿海与苏南之间的经济差距,加快江苏海洋经济发展速度,增强江苏海洋经济势力的目的.     

循环经济在生态工业园区建设中的实际应用——以沈阳西部工业走廊为例

从沈阳市建设西部生态工业走廊的实际出发,提出了运用循环经济理念,实现沈阳市西部生态工业走廊中先进装备制造、化工、冶金、建材四个园区内各个企业内部、各园区企业之间、四个园区之间的物质集成、水和能量的梯级使用与信息集成,以及资源减量化、废物资源化的目标,为沈阳市西部生态工业走廊建设提供了有益的意见和建议。     

兰州市循环经济型生态城市建设探讨

生态城市建设是城市持续健康发展的重要途径,建立城市循环经济体系是生态城市建设的必由之路。文章对循环经济和生态城市的内涵与本质进行了探讨,对兰州市循环经济理念下的城市生态建设的背景和必要性进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了诸如加强政府的政策导向、行为示范的主导作用、优化兰州城市产业结构,促进经济发展、建立生态工业园区、加强污染治理,改善城市生态环境等一些对策和建议,以促进兰州市循环经济型生态城市建设的快速发展。     

浅谈再生资源产业发展

随着改革开放进一步扩大和经济建设的持续快速发展,我国再生资源回收利用事业得到了较快发展。但是,再生资源产业存在着市场混乱、法律政策不完善及综合利用水平低等问题。通过对我国再生资源现状分析对我国再生资源产业发展作了展望。     

Will progress in science and technology avert or accelerate global collapse? A critical analysis and policy recommendations

Industrial society will move towards collapse if its total environmental impact (I), expressed either in terms of energy and materials use or in terms of pollution, increases with time, i.e., dI/dt > 0. The traditional interpretation of the I = PAT equation reflects the optimistic belief that technological innovation, particularly improvements in eco-efficiency, will significantly reduce the technology (T) factor, and thereby result in a corresponding decline in impact (I). Unfortunately, this interpretation of the I = PAT equation ignores the effects of technological change on the other two factors: population (P) and per capita affluence (A). A more heuristic formulation of this equation is I = P(T)·A(T)·T in which the dependence of P and A on T is apparent. From historical evidence, it is clear that technological revolutions (tool-making, agricultural, and industrial) have been the primary driving forces behind successive population explosions, and that modern communication and transportation technologies have been employed to transform a large proportion of the world’s inhabitants into consumers of material- and energy-intensive products and services. In addition, factor analysis from neoclassical growth theory and the rebound effect provide evidence that science and technology have played a key role in contributing to rising living standards. While technological change has thus contributed to significant increases in both P and A, it has at the same time brought about considerable eco-efficiency improvements. Unfortunately, reductions in the T-factor have generally not been sufficiently rapid to compensate for the simultaneous increases in both P and A. As a result, total impact, in terms of energy production, mineral extraction, land-use and CO₂ emissions, has in most cases increased with time, indicating that industrial society is nevertheless moving towards collapse. The belief that continued and even accelerated scientific research and technological innovation will automatically result in sustainability and avert collapse is at best mistaken. Innovations in science and technology will be necessary but alone will be insufficient for sustainability. Consequently, what is most needed are specific policies designed to decrease total impact, such as (a) halting population growth via effective population stabilization plans and better access to birth control methods, (b) reducing total matter-energy throughput and pollution by removing perverse subsidies, imposing regulations that limit waste discharges and the depletion of non-renewable resources, and implementing ecological tax reform, and (c) moving towards a steady-state economy in which per-capita affluence is stabilized at lower levels by replacing wasteful conspicuous material consumption with social alternatives known to enhance subjective well-being. While science and technology must play an important role in the implementation of these policies, none will be enacted without a fundamental change in society’s dominant values of growth and exploitation. Thus, value change is the most important prerequisite for avoiding global collapse.

Japan’s experience of energy saving and business model for low-carbon economy

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the questions concerning stimulation of the innovation and the diffusion of energy saving or low-carbon.To do so,this paper explains using two cases of Japan-energy saving innovation after the Oil Shock and the eco points system.For the case after the oil shock,we explain the energy saving trend after the Oil Shock and the factors statistically.Then we put forward the business model for the low-carbon economy.Furthermore,we analyze the case of the eco points system from 2009-2011 in Japan and explain the significance of the business model for diffusion of the low-carbon products.     

Study on Development of the West of Shandong Province Based on Overall Regional Development Planning Pattern

The overall regional development planning pattern has been considered to be a new and effective pattern as for development of provincial economy. The article analyzed the current conditions of the west of Shandong Province and tried to find the generation mechanisms of current non-balanced economic development of Shandong Province. And then approaches to regional development were put forward according to the theory of regional development pattern as a whole.     

Prospering Revolution of Resource Efficiency in Northeast Industrial Area in China

Abstract

Despite its strong advantages in resource, technology and human resource, China's Northeast Industrial Area is also experiencing problems of unreasonable industrial structure, environmental pollution, and the degradation of ecological condition, etc., which prevent this area from achieving a sustainable development. Through analyzing the resource problem, the present paper proposed a strategy of circular economy for the prosperity of this are, discussed the theories of circular economy and resource recycling, and finally concluded that improving resource productivity is at the core of circular economy.