试论人口—资源—环境与经济的协调发展

人口、资源、环境与经济之间是相互制约又相互依存的动态关系,四者的协调发展包括“有限协调发展”和“完全协调发展”两个层次,其实质是弱化、消除其间的消极关系和消极影响,同时充分利用和促进其间的积极关系,实现四者之间的良性循环。我国作为一个发展中的人口大国,“协调发展战略”应以不影响长远的持续发展为前提,把经济发展置于中心位置,强调在发展经济的过程中要同时解决人口、资源与环境问题。     

浅谈循环经济科技支撑体系的建设

循环经济是以科学发展观为统领，以先进的科学技术为基础，以低消耗、低排放、高效率为特征的集约化、内涵式经济增长模式。为了促使我国走上循环经济发展之路，就必须建立循环经济科技支撑体系，即以政府为主导、企业为主体、社会化服务机构健全的循环经济科技创新体系和完善的循环经济科技政策体系、法律法规体系以及绿色文化与教育体系。     

德国双元系统对电子废弃物回收的启示

本文回顾了德国双元系统在包装物回收领域取得的成功，探讨了此系统应用于电子废弃物回收的可行性与优势。针对电子废弃物的特性，本文提出了一系列相应的改进措施，使德国双元系统能够适用于电子废弃物的回收。     

青海省循环经济发展的思考与对策——以柴达木盆地循环经济试验区为例

发展循环经济是青海省加快经济增长方式转变、实现可持续发展的重要举措。本文从矿产资源的合理开发利用、工业化健康发展和经济社会全面发展三方面深刻剖析了青海省发展循环经济的重大意义。通过柴达木盆地循环经济试验区的实践和发达国家成功经验的借鉴,分析青海省发展循环经济的有利因素及限制条件,提出了青海省发展循环经济的有效对策,可为青海省及其他省市建立合理的循环经济发展体系提供科学的参考。     

建设火电厂生态工业园的研究

通过建设以火电厂为中心的生态工业园的初步研究,阐述了建设生态工业园的重要意义,详细探讨了不同产业间的资源相互最大利用的循环经济发展模式,并总结了建设生态工业园经济发展模式的经验以及可能存在的问题,为各地建设类似生态工业园提供参考.     

The circular economy in China

This article makes an attempt to answer the three questions of why China is devoting its full effort to promoting a circular economy, what a circular economy is, and how to implement a circular economy in China. The evolutionary process of a circular economy in China, from introduction of the concept and the relevant actions of national decision making to demonstration of the system nationwide, has taken only around 6 years, with strong encouragement from politicians and the urgent need to cope with environmental pollution and a severe shortage of natural resources. The circular economy in China is now being actively implemented at three levels: enterprises, eco-industrial parks, and regions. The consolidated theoretical bases of ecology and economics have helped the circular economy to define its position as a new economic model to effectively resolve the problems of resources and the environment. In this regard, material flow management is naturally a unique planning and management method for implementation of a circular economy, and eco-efficiency is a good indicator to measure circular economic activities. Of particular significance has been initiation of the legislative process for the Circular Economy Law, which is among a number of initiatives developing core policies for a circular economy in China. Stringent enforcement of a set of policies for energy saving and pollution abatement nowadays in China will certainly create an enabling environment for the development of a circular economy.     

职业卫生监管工作实践探讨

职业卫生工作是安全生产工作的重要组成部分,是政府履行社会管理和市场监管职能的一项重要任务。做好职业卫生监管工作,对做好安全生产,维护社会稳定,促进经济社会全面发展,构建和谐社会具有十分重要的意义。本文总结了实践中的工作经验,提出了目前我国职业卫生监管工作的难点,如存在认识不足,重视不够、主体责任不落实、可操作性法规滞后、监管体制不顺等难点。根据这些难点,有针对性的提出了开展职业卫生监管工作的方法和途径,并对进一步改善和加强我国的职业卫生监管工作提出了建议。     

岫玉产业发展中的问题及经济学分析

岫玉产业是我国辽宁省岫岩满族自治县的特色产业和县域经济的支柱产业。由于岫玉产业生产原材料的稀缺性、独特性和不可再生性而成为国宝级的产业。近年来,岫玉产业的发展出现了过度开采、过度加工和无序竞争,导致岫玉产品贬值,盲目扩大产业规模带来了规模报酬递减。针对岫玉产业发展中的诸多问题,运用经济学的理论加以分析,提出岫玉产业可持续发展的政策性对策与建议。     

实施西部大开发的新思路探讨

本文在分析了国际,国内经济形势的新变化对西部开发带来挑战的基础上,从经济发展的角度对西部开发的几个问题进行了探讨,认为制定西部开发法是西部开发的保障,西部应在市场开发与开放的前提下,积极培育竞争优势和新的经济增长点,走非均衡发展之路。     

Internal displacement in Burma

The internal displacement of populations in Burma is not a new phenomenon. Displacement is caused by numerous factors. Not all of it is due to outright violence, but much is a consequence of misguided social and economic development initiatives. Efforts to consolidate the state by assimilating populations in government-controlled areas by military authorities on the one hand, while brokering cease-fires with non-state actors on the other, has uprooted civilian populations throughout the country. Very few areas in which internally displaced persons (IDPs) are found are not facing social turmoil within a climate of impunity. Humanitarian access to IDP populations remains extremely problematic. While relatively little information has been collected, assistance has been focused on targeting accessible groups. International concern within Burma has couched the problems of displacement within general development modalities, while international attention along its borders has sought to contain displacement. With the exception of several recent initiatives, few approaches have gone beyond assistance and engaged in the prevention or protection of the displaced.