浅谈环境监察部门如何促进低碳经济发展

随着经济的发展、人们生产方式和生活方式的盲目的高标准、无节制,二氧化碳的排放量呈逐年递增的趋势,致使臭氧层受到严重破坏,灾难性的气候变化在全球屡屡出现,已严重地危害了人类的生存和健康.低碳经济倡导以较少的温室气体排放实现经济发展为目标,它主要强调经济发展与环境保护能否协调发展.     

低碳经济发展对策及建议

低碳经济是世界经济发展的大趋势,我国应加强低碳经济发展。低碳经济对中国既是压力又是挑战,在分析借鉴国外发展低碳经济经验的基础上,结合中国国情,提出了我国低碳经济发展的政策及建议。     

中国循环经济发展规划的进展探讨

当前循环经济的研究工作在中国深入展开,与此相适应的循环经济规划的编制和实施工作紧密进行。文章围绕规划的理论基础、现实意义,以及基本元素构成进行介绍。就开展规划编制工作的现状展开综述,归纳所取得的成绩与存在的缺陷、待解决或完善的内容。从我国实际并行的若干规划出发．初步阐释其与循环经济规划协调的原理。现阶段的循环经济探索主要还是基于环境。其可能的经济属性的严重探完不足。试行循环经济规划之后增加的再生成本等其他相关问题在后一阶段的规划推进中需深入考虑。     

资源与环境约束下的滨海新区海洋经济可持续发展途径

滨海新区资源丰富,经济规模不断扩大,呈现出良好的发展趋势,但也面临资源利用不合理、环境污染严重等问题.在分析天津滨海新区海洋经济发展现状和优势的基础上,探讨了该区域面临的资源与环境约束问题,并对这些问题进行了原因剖析,主要原因包括缺少科学规划引导、管理矛盾突出等.最后从建立环境与经济持续发展的综合决策机制、直接管制与间...     

发展循环经济创建生态长沙

循环经济是一种以提高生态效率为核心、以遵循3R技术为原则、以两低一高为基本特征、符合可持续发展理念的经济增长模式.推行循环经济是实现社会-经济-环境系统可持续发展的必由之路.通过阐述循环经济内涵,并就长沙环境质量、资源供需情况、农业发展等方面作了分析,并且分析了长沙推行循环经济可能面临的问题,提出发展循环经济是长沙新的发展经济模式和实现经济、社会、环境协调发展的战略选择,并就此提出了建议.     

我国水资源循环经济发展与创新体系构建

循环经济是针对持续经济增长对资源和环境压力而提出的一种发展理念、经济制度和技术范式相结合的新的经济发展模式,它以高效利用和循环利用为核心,以低消耗、低排放、高效率为基本特征,符合可持续发展思想。当前我国面临严重的水资源危机,循环经济是实现我国人口、资源与环境可持续发展的重要途径和有效措施,是我国水资源新战略的理想选择。水资源循环经济力图使人类对水资源的开发利用活动既符合水循环自然规律,又遵循社会经济规律,实现水循环与经济循环的和谐统一。水资源循环经济遵循减量化、再利用、再循环原则。我国发展水资源循环经济虽然已经具备一定的基础,但必须改革现有机制和体制,建立长效机制,构建水资源制度、技术和观念创新的体系。     

循环经济与江苏产业结构调整

为寻求一种能实现环境保护与经济发展相互促进的新途径,在分析循环经济的内涵及其与产业结构变动关系的基础上,对江苏产业结构进行了较深层次的分析,结果表明：江苏产业结构中资源消耗型和环境污染型行业仍占有较大比重。按照循环经济的原理,江苏产业结构调整的目标是：在“稳定一产,优化二产,壮大三产”的同时,各产业内部要优先发展资源节约型、环境友好型和废物利用型行业。工业主要是实现生态化转型,对不同行业分别给予鼓励、控制或限制;农业主要是投入品减量化、废弃物资源化和产业纵横链接化;服务业主要是围绕经济、社会和环境和谐发展的目标推进产业的环保化。     

中国沿海地区经济增长与海洋环境污染现状分析研究

随着沿海地区经济的快速增长,与之对应的海洋环境污染状况也日益严重.文章对中国沿海地区的经济发展和海洋环境污染状况进行了定性分析,认为当前中国沿海地区已经成为全国经济的核心,近十年来,尽管中国海洋环境质量有所改善,但是陆源污染尤其是工业废水的直接排放及海洋环境灾害的发生令海洋环境总体状况不容乐观.只有通过增加环保资金投入、强化环境执法、坚持因地制宜发展等有效措施才能促进海洋经济与环境的协调可持续发展.     

Influence of volunteer and project characteristics on data quality of biological surveys

Volunteer involvement in biological surveys is becoming common in conservation and ecology, prompting questions on the quality of data collected in such surveys. In a systematic review of the peer‐reviewed literature on the quality of data collected by volunteers, we examined the characteristics of volunteers (e.g., age, prior knowledge) and projects (e.g., systematic vs. opportunistic monitoring schemes) that affect data quality with regards to standardization of sampling, accuracy and precision of data collection, spatial and temporal representation of data, and sample size. Most studies (70%, n = 71) focused on the act of data collection. The majority of assessments of volunteer characteristics (58%, n = 93) examined the effect of prior knowledge and experience on quality of the data collected, often by comparing volunteers with experts or professionals, who were usually assumed to collect higher quality data. However, when both groups’ data were compared with the same accuracy standard, professional data were more accurate in only 4 of 7 cases. The few studies that measured precision of volunteer and professional data did not conclusively show that professional data were less variable than volunteer data. To improve data quality, studies recommended changes to survey protocols, volunteer training, statistical analyses, and project structure (e.g., volunteer recruitment and retention).     

Climate change,natural hazards,and risk perception: the role of proximity and personal experience

Understanding public risk perception related to possible consequences of climate change is of paramount importance. Not only does risk perception have an important role in shaping climate policy, it is also central in generating support for initiatives for adaptation and mitigation. In order to influence public knowledge and opinion, there is a need to know more about why people have diverging attitudes and perceptions related to climate change and its possible consequences. By using representative survey data for Norway and multivariate analysis, the authors of this article show that differences in attitudes and perceptions are partially explained by factors such as gender, educational background, and people's political preferences. However, an important factor explaining people's perception of climate change and its possible consequences is their direct personal experience of damage caused by climate-related events such as flooding or landslide. Furthermore, the results show that personal experience of damage has the largest impact on the respondents' belief that there will be more natural-resource hazards locally than in Norway or globally. The results also show that merely living in a more exposed area but not having a personal experience of damage does not affect the respondents' concern towards climate change.