Emerging design strategies in sustainable production and consumption of textiles and clothing

This study contributes to current knowledge of sustainability in textile and clothing production and consumption. When the textile and clothing industry aims to promote sustainability, the main change factors have been linked to eco-materials and ethical issues in production. At present, however, business models are mainly linked with a large volume of sales and production. Although industrial development has moved toward smaller environmental impact, production as well as consumption has increased to levels where the benefits of technological development are reduced. A change is thus needed to reach a systemic transformation, not only in production but also in consumption. The aim of this paper is to open up the discussion on opportunities for radical change in this industry. The paper presents ways to rethink and redesign business in the textile and clothing field by offering an overview on several design strategies that exist today in niche markets. Furthermore we evaluate how interested consumers are in these design strategies and discuss the opportunities these design approaches offer to sustainable development through new value creation.     

柳州市环境综合治理二期工程的关联性和创新性介绍

柳州市环境综合治理二期工程是一个综合打捆的工程项目包,是一期工程的延续和完善,既包含了对一期工程成果的沿河流向上游进行水环境追溯治理的保护,又包含了对一期工程形成的环境影响副产品--城市污水处理厂污泥的综合处置.二期工程的建设内容,充分体现了水域治理需要全线开展的关联性特点,以及利用水泥厂的水泥窑直接协同处置城市污水处...     

科技创新战略中的“十二五”环境保护规划展望

本文对黑龙江省"十二五"期间经济又好又快发展、城镇化进程加快等因素带来的环境压力以及需重点关注的环境问题进行了分析,提出要创新思路,完善环境科技支撑体系,发展壮大环保产业,以解决重大环境问题为突破,推动环境科技创新,为黑龙江省环境保护"十二五"规划编制提供思路。     

国内外近地表处置场处置技术研究

近年来低、中水平放射性废物由于其数量大,种类多等特点得到了国际上越来越多的关注。近地表处置是这类放射性废物的主要处置技术。本文介绍了国外几个国家的近地表处置场运行情况以及管理经验。陈述了我国西北和北龙两个处置场设计及运行情况,对国内外低中放处置场的处置技术进行比较,借鉴国外近地表处置场的先进经验,提出我国近地表处置场建设的相关建议,为我国新建近地表处置场建设提供参考。     

Making the user more efficient: design for sustainable behaviour

User behaviour is a significant determinant of a product's environmental impact; while engineering advances permit increased efficiency of product operation, the user's decisions and habits ultimately have a major effect on the energy or other resources used by the product. There is thus a need to change users' behaviour. A range of design techniques developed in diverse contexts suggest opportunities for engineers, designers and other stakeholders working in the field of sustainable innovation to affect users' behaviour at the point of interaction with the product or system, in effect ‘making the user more efficient’. Approaches to changing users' behaviour from a number of fields are reviewed and discussed, including: strategic design of affordances and behaviour‐shaping constraints to control or affect energy‐ or other resource‐using interactions; the use of different kinds of feedback and persuasive technology techniques to encourage or guide users to reduce their environmental impact; and context‐based systems which use feedback to adjust their behaviour to run at optimum efficiency and reduce the opportunity for user‐affected inefficiency. Example implementations in the sustainable engineering and ecodesign field are suggested and discussed.     

油气田绿色矿山建设管理要求与实践

针对目前国家对绿色矿山建设的要求和环境保护面临的新形势,结合国内油气勘探与生产业务绿色发展的相关要求,阐述了油气田绿色矿山建设的发展历程、重点内容、建设标准;总结了绿色矿山建设形成的具体成果和经验,这些经验主要包括注重依法合规、提升绿色理念、科技创新、责任落实、多部门协作等,为下一步建设指导方向,进而提升国内油气勘探与生产业务整体绿色发展水平。     

惩罚机制下低碳技术创新联盟稳定性研究——基于随机演化博弈视角

低碳技术创新的双重外部性与“搭便车”风险严重制约了我国低碳技术创新联盟的稳定发展。基于此背景,运用随机博弈模型分析多主体惩罚机制对低碳技术创新联盟演化的影响,结果表明:多主体惩罚机制的实施能有效提升低碳技术创新联盟的稳定性。其中,第二方惩罚机制是影响低碳技术创新联盟稳定性的主要因素,第一方与第三方惩罚机制及随机干扰则对联盟的稳定速率有重要影响。为促进我国低碳技术创新联盟稳定发展,助力“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的实现,进一步从政策制定与管理实践角度提出优化我国低碳技术创新联盟稳定性的对策建议。     

“一带一路”沿线省区科技创新与旅游经济协调发展及影响因素研究

以我国“一带一路”沿线18个省区为考察区域,运用熵值法、耦合协调分析和面板数据模型,构建科技创新与旅游经济协调发展评价体系,对两大子系统发展、综合协调发展及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明:①我国“一带一路”沿线省区科技创新与旅游经济子系统呈相对稳定或显著上升发展特征,长三角和珠三角等沿海地区发展等级较高,而西北内陆省区较低。②2006—2018年,多数省区科技创新与旅游经济综合评价水平呈稳定上升态势,且优势型省区均集中在东南沿海地区。③科技创新与旅游经济系统间联系不断增强并向良性协调方向发展,提升科技创新能力是多数省区实现两系统协调发展的重点。④旅游人力资本、创新支撑环境和科技创新产出是两大系统协调发展的重要影响因素。     

Social Dimensions of Urban Flood Experience,Exposure, and Concern

With growing urban populations and climate change, urban flooding is an important global issue, even in dryland regions. Flood risk assessments are usually used to identify vulnerable locations and populations, flooding experience patterns, or levels of concern about flooding, but rarely are all of these approaches combined. Furthermore, the social dynamics of flood concerns, exposure, and experience are underexplored. We combined geographic and survey data on household‐level measures of flood experience, concern, and exposure in Utah's urbanizing Wasatch Front. We asked: (1) Are socially vulnerable groups more likely to be exposed to flood risk? (2) How common are flooding experiences among urban residents, and how are these experiences related to sociodemographic characteristics and exposure? and (3) How concerned are urban residents about flooding, and does concern vary by exposure, flood experience, and sociodemographic characteristics? Although floodplain residents were more likely to be White and have higher incomes, respondents who were of a racial/ethnic minority, were older, had less education, and were living in floodplains were more likely to report flood experiences and concern about flooding. Flood risk management approaches need to address social as well as physical sources of vulnerability to floods and recognize social sources of variation in flood experiences and concern.     

长三角知识创新能力与城市化、工业化进程的协调关系研究

通过构建知识创新能力与城市化、工业化进程的评价指标体系,对长三角地区2000-2011年25个地级以上城市的知识创新能力指数及城市化与工业化进程系数进行测算,并利用协调度模型综合分析评价了知识创新能力与城市化、工业化进程的协调关系.结果显示：①知识创新能力与城市化整体协调度优于其与工业化的协调度;②知识创新能力与城市化协调度逐步磨合到相对理想状态;③知识创新能力与工业化协调度呈现出先上升后下降又上升的较大波动性.