Age and innovation‐related behavior: The joint moderating effects of supervisor undermining and proactive personality

Previous research has yielded mixed results regarding the effects of age on innovation‐related behavior (IRB; i.e., generating, disseminating, and implementing new ideas). This paper hypothesizes that the relationship of age with IRB is jointly moderated by undermining behavior on the part of the supervisor and the extent to which the employee possesses a proactive personality. We collected data from 196 employees at three points in time over a one‐year period. Results supported the hypothesized 3‐way interaction of age, supervisor undermining, and proactive personality on IRB. As predicted, highly proactive older workers responded to high supervisor undermining with more IRB, whereas older workers low on proactive personality responded to high supervisor undermining with less IRB. On the other hand, when supervisor undermining was low, proactive personality did not moderate the relationship of age with IRB. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

人才流动的空间特征、驱动因素及其对长三角一体化高质量发展的启示——基于高校毕业生的分析

2018年长三角一体化发展上升为国家战略,旨在以一体化的思路和举措打破行政壁垒,实现资金、人才、技术等要素资源的畅通流动。人才作为知识经济时代创新和发展的主要动力,其合理分布和有序流动对于推动长三角一体化和实现高质量发展具有重要意义。聚焦高校毕业生这一重要区域人才资源,基于毕业生就业质量报告数据,刻画长三角高校毕业生流动的空间格局,使用地理探测器探索城市创新等因素对毕业生流动的影响。研究结果表明：（1）长三角高校毕业生流动基本遵循随距离衰减和等级跃迁规律,区域内就业占比高达79.72%。江苏、浙江、安徽呈现出差异化的省内流动空间形态。（2）位于“Z”型发达地带和沿海的城市毕业生粘滞率较高,上海和与其紧邻的苏州、嘉兴、南通形成“高—高”区。（3）因子探测结果显示,创新因素对毕业生流动的驱动力较强,但按省域来看,驱动作用在江苏最强,浙江次之,而在安徽并不显著。风险探测显示,创新因素的驱动存在阈值效应。研究揭示了高校毕业生的流动格局及与城市创新的关系,为推动区域人才一体化政策的制定提供了理论和实证依据。     

Environmental innovation strategies: When and why NGOs go beyond public regulations

The concept of environmental innovation strategies (EIS) is introduced and discussed. The notion refers to the conduct by which non-governmental organisations (NGOs) act as policy entrepreneurs seeking to address environmental issues by going beyond the provisions of public regulations. Environmental innovation is understood as the product of a process of social interactions between heterogeneous types of actors, including NGOs. Three social mechanisms are introduced in order to capture the conditions enabling and motivating NGOs to pursue EIS, as well as the politics through which EIS are produced. These mechanisms are then discussed in the light of two in-depth case studies in Indonesia and Switzerland. The findings highlight the institutional frustration and mix of concerns that push NGOs to engage in EIS, as well as the non-spontaneous nature of environmental innovations. Innovation represents, in the end, a game of power that should be analysed as such.     

How do Consumers Perceive Electric Vehicles? A Comparison of German Consumer Groups

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are currently being discussed as a promising means to increase the energy efficiency and sustainability of today's transport systems. While technological progress and cost reduction are certainly crucial topics for their successful diffusion, consumer acceptance is another issue that warrants further analysis. Based on a large online survey (N?=?969), we compared four consumer groups which differ in their likelihood to purchase an EV with regard to their socio-demographic characteristics, their willingness to pay (WTP) and their perceptions of EVs. The findings indicate that early users in Germany are most likely to be middle-aged men living with their families in a multi-vehicle household who have a higher WTP for an EV. Perceived compatibility of an EV with personal needs seems to be the most influential factor on the stated willingness to purchase an EV. With regard to the promotion of EVs, strengthening their environmental advantages and providing financial incentives for purchase are rated as important measures by a majority of the sample, while performance characteristics which are comparable to conventional vehicles seem to be less important for most participants. Based on the data analyses, we provide recommendations for measures regarding the further development and promotion of EVs.     

北京市生态环保建设经验对南京的借鉴

北京以举办奥运为契机,全面改善了环境质量,兑现了“绿色奥运”的庄严承诺。后奥运期间,北京继续实施了一系列环境保护行动计划,大力推进生态文明建设,“绿色奥运”成果得到巩固提升。借鉴北京成功的做法和经验,特提出南京环境保护和生态建设的对策建议。     

强可持续理念下绿色创新效率与生态福利绩效耦合协调的时空特征

从强可持续理念出发,基于改进的SFA模型对中国2004-2015年30个省份的绿色创新效率及生态福利绩效值进行测度,结合耦合协调度模型对两系统的耦合协调度进行分析,同时考虑其空间特征及演变规律。结果表明：（1）中国生态福利绩效值在空间上已形成由北京—浙江—广东—陕西构成的四角极点支撑,并不断向沿线地区辐射。（2）2004-2015年两系统的耦合度均值C∈[0.666, 0.680],整体处于较高强度耦合阶段,而协调度均值则整体处于初级协调阶段 （D∈[0.512, 0.565]）,未来仍有较大的优化空间。（3）从空间格局上看,地区间的耦合协调度差距显著,高值区（中高级协调）主要集中在东部沿海地区,且已形成由广东—浙江两个高级协调发展极核辐射的“U”型发展轴带;初级协调阶段的地区连片扩张趋势明显。相比较而言,西北地区仍处于中国绿色创新效率与生态福利绩效耦合协调的最后梯队,受周边地区辐射影响较小,增速缓慢。     

长江经济带工业企业绿色创新效率的演变规律

在考虑非期望产出的前提下,采用超效率非期望两阶段网络DEA法测算2008~2016年长江经济带工业企业绿色创新效率,运用对数平均权重分解法（LMDI）对其影响因素进行分解,并估算各因素的实际贡献份额和区域差异.结果发现：长江经济带整体工业企业绿色创新效率均值为0.2710,即样本期内并未实现DEA有效,呈现出从下游地区向上游地区依次递减的趋势;并且下游与中游、上游地区工业企业之间的平均绿色创新效率水平差距呈现出逐渐扩大趋势,发展态势明显不平衡;整体上自身创新效应对工业企业绿色创新效率影响最大,剩余依次为工业企业消化吸收效应、购买国内技术效应、引进技术效应、技术改造效应和工业污染治理效应;新产品开发经费效应在第一和第二阶段一直处于主导地位;吸收消化经费和购买国内技术经费对工业企业绿色创新效率的正向促进作用明显;吸收消化和购买国内技术经费的增加在两阶段中的表现一致,但第二阶段的效应量下降明显;各因素对工业企业绿色创新效率的贡献差异呈现自东向西的减弱趋势,但中部地区的效应量不高;从时间变化趋势来看,长江经济带平均效应量整体呈现增加的趋势,但在"十二五"期间总效应量则呈现递减趋势.此外,上游和中游地区各因素效应量促进了工业企业绿色创新效率的提升.     

盘锦市农村污水治理成效及建议

针对盘锦市农村污水来源广、收集困难、治理难度大的现状,盘锦市制定了农村污水治理的3种处理模式和处理工艺。总结盘锦市农村污水治理实践取得的显著成效和经验,并对存在的问题提出建议。     

广元市循环经济发展情况调查与思考

在对广元市循环经济发展进行实地调查的基础上,对广元市发展循环经济的成效、经验进行分析研究,提出要发挥企业的主体作用,突出重点领域,从认识上、政策上、技术上推动广元市循环经济健康发展。     

一流本科专业建设背景下的安全工程实践教学探索

为探索一流本科专业建设背景下安全工程专业实践教学新模式,增强安全工程专业学生的创新精神和实践能力,分析河北工业大学安全工程专业实践教学数据.指出实践教学在专业实验、课程设计以及实习环节中存在的问题,针对这些问题提出并实施增加综合实验比例、组织课程设计规划教材编写、采取校企双赢模式共建实习基地、构建"双实操,一参观"过程...