Time trends and predictive factors for safety perceptions among incoming South Australian university students

Problem

Young workers are over-represented in injury statistics. In order to develop injury prevention strategies, this study investigated time trends and predictive factors relating to safety skills, confidence, and attitudes.

Method

Annual surveys were conducted from 2006-2009 among incoming students at the University of Adelaide. The questions addressed safety training, injury experience, and health and safety perceptions.

Results

Time trends in training, perceived safety skills, confidence, and attitudes were not significant. In terms of skills and confidence, the most important correlate was safety training outside of high school (odds ratio = 1.6), especially when repeated, assessed, or in face to face mode. Feeling strongly about safety issues was best predicted by injury experience (OR = 1.7) and gender.

Discussion

These results emphasize the value of assessed training, but they are also consistent with published U.S. data, indicating no improvement over time. It is suggested that there be a more integrated approach in safety education, involving schools and workplaces.

Impact on industry

By developing an understanding of student safety perceptions and experiences, this research aims to target strategies to reduce the excess injury rate for young workers. Workplaces should be more aware of the limitations of school-based safety education and a more integrated and evidence-based approach should be developed, involving schools and workplaces.     

从烟草产业发展经验看花卉业的发展途径——加快云南花卉产业科技创新的对策

通过对云南省“两烟”产业发展经验的总结,提出了依靠科技创新,走资源优势与科技创新相结合的路子,加快发展花卉产业的思路。同时,分析了云南花卉科技创新基础条件和存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策建议。     

我国环境技术创新的影响因素与应对策略

本文分析了环境技术概念的演化和环境技术创新的含义.首次对我国环境技术创新的主要影响因素进行了大规模的社会调查,在对社会调查结果统计分析的基础上,根据国外环境技术创新的政策设计与实施经验,提出了促进我国环境技术创新的政策建议.     

热电厂灰渣废水、再生废水综合利用技改设计

通过充分考虑热电厂的灰渣废水、再生废水的综合利用效益,对灰渣废水和化学再生废水的运行方式进行合理优化,从而减少工业补充水量,实现废水零排放,最终达到节约成本和保护环境的目的。技改后年节约水量为68.483万m3,年回收效益为89.083万元。     

经济增长目标、融资约束与污染企业绿色技术创新

经济增长目标作为中国政府宏观经济管理的一个重要手段,不仅会影响宏观经济绩效,还会显著影响微观经济主体的行为和绩效。本研究借助中国2004—2019年沪深A股上市污染企业数据,采用固定效应模型,从绿色技术创新视角考察了经济增长目标对微观企业的影响效应,并检验了融资约束在经济增长目标与污染企业绿色技术创新活动之间的中介效应。结果显示,经济增长目标会加剧融资约束,进而抑制企业绿色技术创新。同时,在“硬约束”情形、重污染企业和非国有企业中,经济增长目标对企业绿色技术创新的抑制效应更显著,而环境目标会弱化这种负向作用。本文丰富了经济增长目标影响微观企业绩效的相关研究,并为地方政府科学设定经济增长目标、更好平衡经济增长目标与环境目标之间关系以及促进污染企业绿色转型升级提供了理论依据和政策参考。     

A theory of scaling for community-based fisheries management

Community-based approaches to fisheries management has emerged as a mainstream strategy to govern dispersed, diverse and dynamic small scale fisheries. However, amplifying local community led sustainability outcomes remains an enduring challenge. We seek to fill a theoretical gap in the conceptualization of ‘scaling up community-based fisheries management’. We draw on literature of agriculture innovations to provide a framework that takes into account process-driven and structural change occurring across multiple levels of governance, as well as different phases of scaling. We hypothesize that successful scaling requires engagement with all aspects of a governing regime, coalescing a range of actors, and therefore, is an enterprise that is larger than its parts. To demonstrate where the framework offers value, we illustrate the development of community-based fisheries management in Vanuatu according to the framework’s main scaling dimensions.     

Urban Transitions: On Urban Resilience and Human-Dominated Ecosystems

Urbanization is a global multidimensional process paired with increasing uncertainty due to climate change, migration of people, and changes in the capacity to sustain ecosystem services. This article lays a foundation for discussing transitions in urban governance, which enable cities to navigate change, build capacity to withstand shocks, and use experimentation and innovation in face of uncertainty. Using the three concrete case cities—New Orleans, Cape Town, and Phoenix—the article analyzes thresholds and cross-scale interactions, and expands the scale at which urban resilience has been discussed by integrating the idea from geography that cities form part of “system of cities” (i.e., they cannot be seen as single entities). Based on this, the article argues that urban governance need to harness social networks of urban innovation to sustain ecosystem services, while nurturing discourses that situate the city as part of regional ecosystems. The article broadens the discussion on urban resilience while challenging resilience theory when addressing human-dominated ecosystems. Practical examples of harnessing urban innovation are presented, paired with an agenda for research and policy.     

基于链环回路模型的低碳技术创新发展策略

低碳经济的发展已成为国际共识,低碳技术创新是发展低碳经济的核心举措.根据技术创新理论和技术创新链接模型,从技术系统和管理系统的角度分析了低碳技术创新的结构,并构建了一个基于链环回路模型的低碳技术创新发展模型,以期探讨从低碳技术创新层面推进低碳经济发展的思路.本研究提出低碳技术创新价值链应建立于社会使用的基础上,该创新价值链始于社会生活的潜在需求,经由低碳技术的发明与创造、示范与推广、重新设计与生产,终于服务顾客,注重市场的反馈以及技术系统与管理系统的密切配合,以使低碳技术创新价值链持续运作并充分挖掘镶嵌于技术创新社会价值中的经济价值.研究结论是:应强化低碳技术创新技术系统以实现社会价值与市场价值整合、通过示范强化技术系统与管理系统的链接以及强化低碳技术创新管理系统以提离产业附加值.     

国际油气管道运输企业环境管理的先进经验及启示 ── 以Enbridge公司为例（二）

以加拿大Enbridge公司为例,从环境要素、环境应急管理等几方面,详细介绍了北美油气管道运输行业环境管理工作先进经验。在此基础上,对我国相关企业的环境管理提出了建议。     

Research on the effects of command-and-control and market-oriented policy tools on China’s energy conservation and emissions reduction innovation

The impact of environmental regulation on technology innovation is a hot spot in current research where a large number of empirical studies are based on Porter Hypothesis (PH). However, there are still controversies in academia about the establishment of “weak” and “narrow” versions of PH. Based on the panel data of application for patent of energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER) technology of Chinese city scale during 2008–2014, comprehensive energy price, pollutant emission, etc., mixed regression model and systematic generalized method of moments method were adopted, respectively, to study the impact of market-oriented and command-and-control policy tool on China’s ECER technology innovation. The results show that the environmental regulation hindered the technological innovation in the immediate phase; however, it turned out to be positive in the first-lag phase. Hence, the establishment of “weak” PH is time-bounded. The command-and-control policy tool played a more positive role in promoting technological innovation in the first-lag phase than market-oriented policy tool. Therefore, “narrow” PH is not tenable. The reason is that the main participants of China’s ECER technology innovation are state-owned companies and public institutions. Regionally speaking, the impact which command-and-control policy tool has on technological innovation at sight was non-significant in the eastern, the central, and the western regions of China whilst market-oriented policy tool had a negative effect. And market-oriented policy tool in the central region had strongest negative effect, which would diminish in the eastern region and become weakest in the western region. This was related to regional energy consumption level and the market economic vitality.