安全工程本科与研究生专业课创新教学中的对比分析与研究

从创新教育的基本理念出发,通过对安全工程专业本科与研究生专业课程的创新教学进行对比分析与研究认为:应对在安全工程专业课程教学中实施创新教育的必要性及可行性进行研究;根据安全工程专业学士和硕士的不同就业特点,结合笔者多年为本科生和研究生开设《防火与防爆》课程的教学实践,必须从激发学生创新意识、培养创新思维、提高创新能力等方面对专业课程教学进行改革和创新,并在教学内容和教学方式上应该有所侧重;实践表明在本科与研究生专业课教学中既要实施创新教育,在教学方式上又要有所不同,才能为社会培养不同层次的更多的优秀安全工程专业人才。     

煤矿火药的安全管理

火药是易燃易爆物品，管理不当，一方面会造成生产事故，另一方面会造成火药流失，对社会稳定和人民生命财产造成巨大威胁。介绍了七五煤矿在火药管理方面的一些具体作法及体会。     

Diffusion of Lead-free Soldering in Electronics Industry in China

The EU directives on e-waste management (WEEE and RoHS) have drawn the attention of electronics producers around the world to the environmental benign technologies in recent years. One of the technological challenges to the electronics manufacturers is the adoption of the lead-free soldering system. This article studies the diffusion of lead-free soldering technology among the electronics producers in China, and finds out the relevance of clusters for the diffusion of environmental benign technological innovation among firms. Four agents, as key promoters, were identified within the production network –leading global brand-name companies, the OEM companies who provide integrated manufacturing service, the suppliers of lead-free components, and specialized consultant companies. The conclusion is that industrial cluster facilitates communications among all agents for the diffusion of innovation, whereas, the incentives for firms within the cluster, to collaborate for innovation, comes from outside.     

地理邻近性与区域创新关系探讨

与“地理学已死”的认识相反．由于知识的特性和创新的背量依赖，在区域创新的研究中地理邻近得到重视。地理邻近在区域创新经济学中的位置与传统空间经济学中的位置一样．只是创新的促进因素．而不是决定性因素。空间经济学和创新经济学在目的上是一样的．但由于各自不同的经济决定变量导致了对地理邻近性的认识是不一样的。尝试从知识流动和集体学习视角，对一直被视为“黑箱”的地理邻近性的作用机理进行探讨。研究表明。地理邻近是“距离产生美”，太多或太少的地理邻近对集体学习和区域创新都是不利的。同时地理邻近性既不是区域创新的充分条件，也不是必要条件，它和其它类型的邻近相互促进．相互替代。ICIS的发展使传统空间经济学中地理邻近的重要性降低，ICIS更进一步发展同样会使区域创新经济学中的地理邻近性重要性降低，也许未来的虚拟经济的世界里真的不太需要物理世界的地理邻近。     

Adjusting to new work teams: Testing work experience as a multidimensional resource for newcomers

The successful performance adjustment of team newcomers is an increasingly important consideration given the prevalence of job‐changing and the uncertainty associated with starting work in a new team setting. Consequently, using sensemaking and uncertainty reduction theories as a conceptual basis, the present study tested work experience as a potential resource for newcomer performance adjustment in teams. Specifically, we tested work experience as a multidimensional predictor of both initial newcomer performance and the rate of performance change after team entry. We tested hypotheses using longitudinal newcomer performance data in the context of professional basketball teams. Although the traditional quantitative indicators of the length and amount of work experience were not meaningfully associated with newcomer performance adjustment, their interaction was. In addition, the qualitative indicator of newcomers' past transition experience revealed a significant, positive association with the rate of newcomer performance improvement following team entry. These results suggest that work experience is a meaningful facilitator of newcomer adjustment in teams and emphasize the dual consideration of both quantitative and qualitative work experiences. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Community‐based preparedness programmes and the 2009 Australian bushfires: policy implications derived from applying theory

The Victorian Country Fire Authority in Australia runs the Community Fireguard (CFG) programme to assist individuals and communities in preparing for fire. The objective of this qualitative research was to understand the impact of CFG groups on their members' fire preparedness and response during the 2009 Australian bushfires. Social connectedness emerged as a strong theme, leading to an analysis of data using social capital theory. The main strength of the CFG programme was that it was driven by innovative community members; however, concerns arose regarding the extent to which the programme covered all vulnerable areas, which led the research team to explore the theory of diffusion of innovation. The article concludes by stepping back from the evaluation and using both applied theories to reflect on broad options for community fire preparedness programmes in general. The exercise produced two contrasting options for principles underlying community fire preparedness programmes.     

Leadership of scientists and engineers: A three‐vector model

Existing models have not adequately accounted for the leadership of scientists and engineers engaged in creative work. In this Incubator, we present a model of creative leadership of scientists and engineers and argue that such leaders should possess expertise in three vectors. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于城市创新的京津冀城市群资源整合探索

以京津冀城市群为研究对象,通过测度城市综合实力、构建城市创新体系,结合城市经济发展不一致指数,探究城市创新对城市群协调发展的效应。结果表明:①京津冀城市群创新能力差距大,高等级创新城市对周边区域的辐射带动作用不明显,其中北京市"虹吸效应"显著,天津市次之,河北省石家庄、保定、唐山科创能力在本省内较高。②城市群内部资源配置不均,城市间联系较弱,中心城市周边区域"岛、洞"现象明显。据此,提出京津冀城市群内部区域间资源整合的发展策略和区域协同发展的政策建议。     

既有建筑节能改造市场发展协同激励实施对策

借鉴发达国家既有建筑节能改造市场激励的成功经验,解析我国既有建筑节能改造市场激励的实践过程与特征,揭示存在的问题,从激励有效性出发,提出我国既有建筑节能改造市场发展主体协同激励、阶段系统激励和要素协同激励的系统对策,以激发ESCO既有建筑节能改造市场发展的活力与内在驱动力,推动既有建筑节能改造实践进程。     

绿色信贷会促进重污染企业技术创新吗？——基于《绿色信贷指引》的准自然实验

在绿色信贷引导资金从高能耗、高污染行业流向技术先进的新兴部门过程中,是否会倒逼重污染企业的技术创新,对于中国经济转向创新驱动意义重大。本文基于2009—2017年中国上市公司的相关数据,运用双重差分模型（DID）考察《绿色信贷指引》的发布对重污染企业技术创新的影响。研究发现：绿色信贷会显著抑制重污染企业的技术创新,这主要是通过长期债务融资约束及股权融资上升来抑制重污染企业技术创新的,而企业利润提升却有利于其技术创新;绿色信贷对大型及民营重污染企业技术创新的抑制效应显著,但对小型及国有重污染企业的影响却不明显;此外,绿色信贷政策对重污染企业技术创新的抑制效应长期存在。本研究对于发挥绿色信贷政策的资源配置作用具有较为重要的启示,同时也为绿色信贷政策的持续改进及其配套政策的及时跟进提供了经验支持。