短流程钢铁企业发展循环经济的模式

大力发展短流程钢铁企业,是钢铁工业节能减排、发展循环经济、实现可持续发展的重要途径。介绍了国内外电炉短流程钢铁企业的发展情况,阐述了短流程钢铁企业三低两高发展循环经济的模式,提出提高我国短流程炼钢产量占总产量比重必须采取的战略措施,以及短流程钢铁企业发展循环经济亟需解决的关键问题。     

Green research and development (R&D) investment and its impact on the market value of firms: evidence from South African mining firms

The importance of global corporate green research and development (R&D) investment is gaining momentum and South Africa is no exception. This paper examines growing economic perceptions that green financial and stock-market systems result in heightened corporate hyperopia and therefore increase long-term and future green investment associated with R&D. It reports on the findings of a survey of 14 South African mining firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange SRI index. The study found, that, these firms’ market value showed a positive association with Green R&D. It also revealed increased Green R&D activity among large mining firms in the country and that they are highly likely to maintain their level of such investment in the coming years. The study's outcomes thus add to the body of empirical knowledge on firm hyperopia in relation to corporate greening initiatives.     

Public concerns and the public role in siting nuclear and chemical waste facilities

Nuclear and chemical waste facilities can be successfully sited, despitenimby responses, if siting programs account for the sources of public concern. Irrational fear is not the main source; instead, waste managers must deal with perceived inequities in the distribution of benefits and costs, and concern about facility safety. Benefit-cost inequities may be dealt with in part by keeping wastes where they are generated, through political restrictions, or by providing economic compensation and political incentives (for example, a local veto). Assuring people of facility safety includes allowing local control (monitoring, health assessment, regulation), and enhancing trust of facility managers through such means as rectifying past mistakes, individual-oriented education campaigns, and negotiation of compensation packages with local residents. These means should reduce —without eliminating—public opposition to local siting of nuclear and chemical waste facilities.     

大射电望远镜一平方公里阵(SKA)贵州选址的一种构形

大射电望远镜一平方公里阵(SKA)贵州选址分两种构形:小N大D型和大N小D型。采用遗传算法对第一种构形布局,得小N大D型构形共有60个台址组成,分别分布在核心区(R<0.75 km)和发自核心区边缘的5 条对数螺旋线上,其中核心区(R<0.75 km)台址10个,中央区(0.75 km相似文献   

江苏沿江各市工业绿色化程度的模糊评价

工业绿色化即工业企业逐步减少污染排放,实现环境无害化的过程,这一过程的进展情况直接影响到区域可持续发展水平。从工业绿色化意识、工业绿色化管理、工业绿色化绩效3个方面构建了区域工业绿色化发展的评价指标体系。为了使评价结果更为科学合理,还对江苏沿江8市的244家工业企业进行问卷调查,在此基础上,结合各市单位产值能耗及污染排放强度、水循环利用率、废水达标排放率、废物综合利用率等工业绿色化绩效的实际值建立多级模糊综合评价模型,对江苏省沿江8市的工业绿色化发展水平进行评价。结果发现,苏州、无锡等苏南经济较发达地区的工业绿色化水平较高,而扬州、镇江、泰州等苏中地区的工业绿色化水平较低。最后提出了加快工业绿色化发展,缩小地区间差距的具体建议     

Effect of inert species on the laminar burning velocity of hydrogen and ethylene

The maximum laminar burning velocity (LBV) of a fuel-air mixture is an important input parameter to vapor cloud explosion (VCE) blast load prediction methods. In particular, the LBV value has a significant impact on the predicted blast loads for high reactivity fuels with the propensity to undergo a deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT). Published data are available for the maximum LBV of many pure fuel-air mixtures. However, little test data are available for mixtures of fuels, particularly for mixtures of fuels and inert species. Such mixtures are common in the petroleum refining and chemical processing industries. It is therefore of interest to be able to calculate the maximum LBV of a fuel/inert mixture based on the mixture composition and maximum LBV of each component.This paper presents measured test data for the maximum LBV of H₂/inert and C₂H₄/inert mixtures, with both nitrogen and carbon dioxide as the inert species. The LBV values were determined using a constant-volume vessel and the pressure rise method. This paper also provides a comparison of the measured LBV values with simplified LBV prediction methods.     

GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING LANDFILLS1

ABSTRACT: Landfill siting and design guidelines or regulations differ from state to state. Most include hydrogeological criteria, referring to hydraulic conductivities, aquifers, ground water flow patterns, contaminant travel times, and distance between landfill and sensitive targets for contaminants, etc. However, almost all of the existing hydrogeological guidelines are incomplete, inconsistent, or both. The aquitard between landfill and regional aquifer frequently offers less resistance to leachate migration than compliance with regulations may suggest. Residence times of leachate, that makes it through the landfill liner, is often overestimated. Monitoring wells in the regional aquifer are unreliable detectors of local leaks in a landfill. If a landfill does leak, costly aquifer restoration is called for. For traditional landfill designs, ground water monitoring considerations suggest the siting over homogeneous sand and gravel aquifers, rather than over complex till environments. An alternative landfill design criterion is suggested, which is based on a negative hydraulic gradient underneath the landfill. This design guarantees ground water protection, simplifies landfill monitoring, and generally enhances the landfill economy.     

环境冲突分析及其应用:公共设施选址问题的分析与处理

以有害废物处理设施选址为例,对如何处理公共设施选址中的环境冲突进行了较深入的探讨,提出了该问题的解,讨论了解的存在性、唯一性、Ｐａｒｅｔｏ最优性和公平性以及防止信息虚报的有效性,并对２类更复杂的选址冲突进行了讨论,提出了解决的基本思路。     

我国科技型中小企业技术创新基金的发展

总结了国内外有关科技型中小企业技术创新基金的相关理论研究,在此基础上通过分析了我国创新基金的产生、特征,指出了创新基金发展过程中所做出的经济贡献和存在的问题,提出了相关的政策建议。