基于灰色综合评价的通航安全角度下吴淞口建闸方案优选

将层次分析法与灰色关联分析法相结合,评价吴淞口挡潮闸3个备选方案对通航安全的影响。首先通过专家调查法,并对相关资料进行综合分析,确定吴淞口水闸建设工程方案通航安全影响评价指标,然后运用层次分析法计算各指标权重,最后利用灰色关联分析建立灰色评价模型,得到关联序,定量分析各方案在通航安全影响方面的优劣,得出最优方案,为吴淞口建闸方案的确定提供依据。     

Analysis of occupational accidents: prevention through the use of additional technical safety measures for machinery

This article presents an analysis of results of 1035 serious and 341 minor accidents recorded by Poland's National Labour Inspectorate (PIP) in 2005–2011, in view of their prevention by means of additional safety measures applied by machinery users. Since the analysis aimed at formulating principles for the application of technical safety measures, the analysed accidents should bear additional attributes: the type of machine operation, technical safety measures and the type of events causing injuries. The analysis proved that the executed tasks and injury-causing events were closely connected and there was a relation between casualty events and technical safety measures. In the case of tasks consisting of manual feeding and collecting materials, the injuries usually occur because of the rotating motion of tools or crushing due to a closing motion. Numerous accidents also happened in the course of supporting actions, like removing pollutants, correcting material position, cleaning, etc.     

浅谈化工园区企业无组织排放有机废气的防治对策研究

当前,中国已基本实现了化工类企业的进园入区,虽然各企业实现了废气的达标排放,但由于叠加效应等因素的影响,化工异味已经成为环境监管的难点和群众投诉的焦点。通过对化工园区内企业无组织排放的各类有机废气的特点、毒性、种类和来源进行剖析,探讨了无组织排放有机废气的收集处理方法和相应治理措施对策,对该类废气的日常环境监管提出了具体建议,并结合实际案例强化了对无组织废气进行防治是完全可行和必要的。未来,加强化工园区内企业无组织排放废气的监管和新废气治理技术的研发应用,区域环境空气质量和群众对环境满意率必将得到显著提高。     

南水北调东线（江苏段）沿线污染物总量达标研究

基于江苏省2010年污染源普查资料和统计年鉴,选取化学需氧量（ COD）和氨氮（ NH4－N）为研究因子,统计南水北调东线江苏段污染物排放量并计算入输水干线污染物量;根据南水北调办治污工程规划,计算污染物削减量;根据2012年江苏省水环境功能区划,核定研究区域限排总量;结果污染物量COD、氨氮削减量分别为33114吨、2935吨,污染源结构中城镇生活源比例从23．34％降到9．10％,工业企业源比例从15．13％降到8．96％,污染源点源呈下降趋势,面源呈增长趋势,污染物入输水干线总量达到2015年限排总量要求。     

露天采矿过程粉尘产生环节及污染治理措施分析研究

粉尘是露天采矿过程的主要污染物之一,露天采矿中粉尘要达到环保要求,需要从生产过程中的凿岩、爆破、装卸、运输、堆存各环节进行污染控制.采用对上述各生产环节中的粉尘产生原理进行分析的方法,找出各个生产环节粉尘的主要产生点,通过对比前人在各个生产环节粉尘控制的研究成果,找出控制粉尘产生的主要影响因素,总结出露天采矿中各个环节上技术经济上最有效的粉尘防治措施,为露天矿山开采污染防治提供系统的解决方案.通过对前人研究成果的总结,汇总形成一套完善的粉尘控制方案.     

论"水十条"对中国水体污染防治的意义

2015年4月16日,国务院正式发布《水污染防治行动计划》,《水污染防治行动计划》为了与一年前出台的"大气十条"相对应,故亦简称"水十条".这将是今后很长一段时期中国治理水环境的纲领性文件."水十条"对中国水污染治理工作提出了总体目标,同时作为新环保法的延伸,"水十条"将强调市场机制在治理水体污染中的作用、促进环境需求的多样化.总的来说,"水十条"的发布,标志着中国将对水污染防控治理进行强力监管,铁腕治污将进入"新常态".     

Estimating Floodwater Depths from Flood Inundation Maps and Topography

Information on flood inundation extent is important for understanding societal exposure, water storage volumes, flood wave attenuation, future flood hazard, and other variables. A number of organizations now provide flood inundation maps based on satellite remote sensing. These data products can efficiently and accurately provide the areal extent of a flood event, but do not provide floodwater depth, an important attribute for first responders and damage assessment. Here we present a new methodology and a GIS‐based tool, the Floodwater Depth Estimation Tool (FwDET), for estimating floodwater depth based solely on an inundation map and a digital elevation model (DEM). We compare the FwDET results against water depth maps derived from hydraulic simulation of two flood events, a large‐scale event for which we use medium resolution input layer (10 m) and a small‐scale event for which we use a high‐resolution (LiDAR; 1 m) input. Further testing is performed for two inundation maps with a number of challenging features that include a narrow valley, a large reservoir, and an urban setting. The results show FwDET can accurately calculate floodwater depth for diverse flooding scenarios but also leads to considerable bias in locations where the inundation extent does not align well with the DEM. In these locations, manual adjustment or higher spatial resolution input is required.     

燃煤锅炉烟气中SO_3的生成、危害及控制技术研究进展

SO_3是燃煤锅炉烟气中的污染物之一,会造成烟气酸露点升高、空气预热器堵塞腐蚀、"烟羽"现象等,并且降低选择性脱硝催化剂的活性和锅炉的脱汞效率,危害设备安全和大气环境。介绍了燃煤锅炉中SO_3的主要生成途径、危害、控制方法以及SO_3的控制政策。用于燃煤锅炉中SO_3的控制方法有降低燃煤硫含量,采用ROFA燃烧技术,炉内喷碱性吸收剂,炉后喷碱性吸收剂,除尘器前喷氨和使用湿式电除尘器等。     

Examining strategic sustainability plans and smart-growth land-use measures in California cities

Given many potential obstacles, what types of strategic plans and measures for climate protection and/or energy sustainability are more likely than others to be adopted by cities? What are the key internal and external obstacles to adopting and implementing these plans and measures? Based on data obtained from a survey conducted from 2010 to 2011 and other sources, this paper develops a framework derived from political contracting theory and strategic orientation literature to examine how public management obstacles, socio-economic factors, and political factors influence a city's likelihood of having strategic energy sustainability plans and measures in place. Moreover, this paper finds that many California cities remain reluctant to require residents and businesses to comply with more challenging sustainability measures, such as smart-growth land-use practices, and that those cities with a strategic energy sustainability plan already in place tend to be more willing to adopt smart-growth land-use measures.