Trauma and short-fuse weather warning perceptions

The purpose of this research was to assess the importance of psychological trauma in understanding reactions to short lead time weather warnings. The research consisted of two case studies, one in Denver, Colorado and the other in Austin, Texas. A total of 61 individuals with 9 or greater traumas were compared to 281 non-trauma exposed individuals. Results demonstrated significant differences on questions related to general beliefs about flash floods and warning perceptions as well as reported anticipated actions during a flash flood at home. Results suggest high trauma exposure may lead to more threat sensitivity and a higher probability of initiated action in a home-based flash flood.     

江汉平原旱涝时空分布特征

利用历史旱涝资料和现代降水资源，总结了江汉平原旱涝时空分布特点；（１）旱涝多发且涝多干旱。旱涝在年际上分配不均年昧涝等级序列呈现２年、５－６年、２２年、４０年左右变化 准周期。旱涝还存在持续性和转换性特点。（２）旱涝在季节上有集中性、夏季夏涝最多，秋旱多于春旱，而春涝多于秋涝，夏秋连旱亦多发；另我，夏季洪涝与秋冬干旱在一定程度上相关。（３）旱涝在空间分布上略有差别，北部有东北部旱较多，而南部涝交多     

长江,黄淮流域近期特大洪水预警和防洪形势

根据太阳黑子活动和长江，黄淮流域１８４０￣１９９４年历史和实测的洪水资料，推断在１９９７年及其前后，长江，黄淮流域很有可能出现一次特大的洪水。同时指出，目前长江、淮河、黄河的防洪形势不容乐观，必须及早采取对策，确保人民生命和财产的安全。     

鄱阳湖圩区滞洪与水土资源利用协调

鄱阳湖区有圩堤564座,保护耕地近4200km^2、人口720多万。圩堤对保护湖区人民生命财产安全起到了积极的作用,但有些圩堤占据了湖泊的正常行洪通道,给湖区防洪带来了不利影响,对这些野区应当平圩还湖。还有些中小型野区没有占据湖泊的正常行洪通道,但在洪水期间经常遭受洪水淹没,对这类好区应根据实际情况实施“高水还湖滞洪,低水种植养殖”的运用方式,以缓解鄱阳湖区人多地少的矛盾。从洪水水力学基本理论出发,根据鄱阳湖洪水特征和好区实际情况,定量分析了因中小野区滞洪而降低湖水位的幅度、减少湖周边的淹没面积以及减轻湖区防洪压力,对鄱阳湖可滞洪中小野区“高水滞洪,低水种养”的运用方式进行了探讨,提出了鄱阳湖不同规模的可滞洪野区的滞洪启用水位和启用频率分别为：6．7km^2以下好区为21．65m与10％、6．7—33．3km^2为22．05m与6．67％。建议采用自湖下游至湖上游的野区滞洪启用次序,井对与滞洪需求相协调的好区水土资源利用方式进行了初步研究。     

Trauma and short-fuse weather warning perceptions

The purpose of this research was to assess the importance of psychological trauma in understanding reactions to short lead time weather warnings. The research consisted of two case studies, one in Denver, Colorado and the other in Austin, Texas. A total of 61 individuals with 9 or greater traumas were compared to 281 non-trauma exposed individuals. Results demonstrated significant differences on questions related to general beliefs about flash floods and warning perceptions as well as reported anticipated actions during a flash flood at home. Results suggest high trauma exposure may lead to more threat sensitivity and a higher probability of initiated action in a home-based flash flood.     

嘉陵江流域四川盆地段历代洪水研究

嘉陵江流域地理环境特殊，洪水频发，且多发生在四川盆地段，对该段流域人民的生产生活构成很大威胁，了解嘉陵江流域洪水的规律和形成原因．并进一步探讨防洪措施，将有利于对流域的综合治理，减少洪灾损失。     

我国水灾与可持续发展研究

根据我国水灾的有关资料 ,研究了我国水灾的基本特点 ,分析了水灾形成的主要原因及其对可持续发展的制约作用 ,提出了根治水灾必须走可持续发展的道路     

The Oder – a river that floods: the problem of environmental adaptation in literary texts

This article discusses inter and post-war works of fiction written by Polish and German-speaking authors with biographical connections to Oder River regions. The literary texts provide insights into the vulnerability to and resilience constructions of floods, which are related to such cultural factors as migrant histories and traditions, regional beliefs and religion, and the political background of changing frontiers in 1919 and 1945 that affected residents of this cross-border area.

The capacity to cope with the flooding Oder, especially after the major flood in 1997, intertwines with the problematic Polish-German relationship, including Silesia. For Polish communities, whose environmental cultures have been distorted by wars, resettlement and communism, vulnerability and resilience perceptions lack representations of the tangible river. It is culturally bounded in the stigmatising image of the Oder as the border of division, revived after 1945 and exposed by the Polish communist party in the so-called ‘Polonisation’ of the ‘Recovered Territories’. Fiction detects the problem of overworking the difficult past in response to the Oder’s hazardous nature. Writers representing an emotional attachment to the river and an aquacritical approach express the need to learn about the river’s lively nature, both in cooperating and sharing space, which is called the environmental adaptation.     

从基础产业的观点探讨防洪对策

本文从水利是国民经济基础产业的角度阐述了防洪建设是具有战略意义的基础产业.文中提出了未来洪灾损失具有逐步加大的趋势与特点。针对我国防洪现状,提出在国民经济建设中,防洪建设必须超前发展,以及应采取的全面综合防洪对策。