全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2063篇 |
免费 | 135篇 |
国内免费 | 198篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 217篇 |
废物处理 | 53篇 |
环保管理 | 445篇 |
综合类 | 726篇 |
基础理论 | 608篇 |
污染及防治 | 63篇 |
评价与监测 | 97篇 |
社会与环境 | 148篇 |
灾害及防治 | 39篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 40篇 |
2022年 | 69篇 |
2021年 | 63篇 |
2020年 | 71篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 46篇 |
2017年 | 61篇 |
2016年 | 84篇 |
2015年 | 86篇 |
2014年 | 91篇 |
2013年 | 146篇 |
2012年 | 107篇 |
2011年 | 144篇 |
2010年 | 120篇 |
2009年 | 115篇 |
2008年 | 101篇 |
2007年 | 98篇 |
2006年 | 125篇 |
2005年 | 102篇 |
2004年 | 111篇 |
2003年 | 81篇 |
2002年 | 62篇 |
2001年 | 85篇 |
2000年 | 48篇 |
1999年 | 47篇 |
1998年 | 37篇 |
1997年 | 28篇 |
1996年 | 29篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2396条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
温室气体上升导致的全球气候变暖问题不容忽视,增加森林碳汇和木质林产品碳储是缓解温室效应的有效途径。根据森林碳汇功能与林产品碳储功能的关联理论与模型,推导和改进包括森林子碳库、土壤子碳库及木质林产品子碳库在内的林业碳库核算模型及方法,以实现目标碳从森林碳库向木质林产品碳库的过渡与转移。基于气候变化背景下森林-林产品产业链的发展现状,构建包括森林子碳库和林产品子碳库的复合一体化林业碳库模型,使之为中国林业碳库的计量与评价提供判据。首先,对包含森林子碳库和木质林产品子碳库在内的世界林业碳库的发展现状进行探讨,归纳和比较国内外主流的关联林业碳库评估方法模型,从而对中国林业碳库模型的构建提供理论背景支持和逻辑方法支撑。其次,分析现有中国林业碳库评估存在的优势和弊端,找出适合中国林业特点的国家碳库创新评估路径,运用政府间气候变化专门委员会指定的生产法的思路,通过分析目标碳在林产品产业链生产、加工等过程中的流入和支出,提出创新中国林业碳库的模型构想并对其系统内涵进行分析。最后,赋予中国林业碳库系统模型数学表达,分析其数理结构并进行逻辑演绎,在森林子碳库和木质林产品子碳库两个复合链式体系下构建中国林业碳库系统测度模型(ForestProducts Carbon Model/FPCM)。 相似文献
102.
Warmer, drier summers brought by climate change increase the potential risk of wildfires on the moorland of the Peak District of northern England. Fires are costly to fight, damage the ecosystem, harm water catchments, cause erosion scars and disrupt transport. Fires release carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Accurate forecasts of the timing of fires help deployment of fire fighting resources. 相似文献
103.
Hegetschweiler KT van Loon N Ryser A Rusterholz HP Baur B 《Environmental management》2009,43(2):299-310
Urban forests are popular recreation areas in Europe. Several of these temperate broad-leaved forests also have a high conservation
value due to sustainable management over many centuries. Recreational activities, particularly the use of fireplaces, can
cause extensive damage to soil, ground vegetation, shrubs, and trees. Firewood collection depletes woody debris, leading to
a loss of habitat for specialized organisms. We examined the effects of fireplace use on forest vegetation and the amount
of woody debris by comparing disturbed and control plots in suburban forests in northwestern Switzerland. At frequently used
fireplaces, we found reduced species densities in the ground vegetation and shrub layer and changes in plant species composition
due to human trampling within an area of 150–200 m2. Picnicking and grilling also reduced the height and changed the age structure of shrubs and young trees. The amount of woody
debris was lower in disturbed plots than in control plots. Pieces of wood with a diameter of 0.6–7.6 cm were preferentially
collected by fireplace users. The reduction in woody debris volume extended up to a distance of 16 m from the fire ring, covering
an area of 800 m2 at each picnic site. In order to preserve the ecological integrity of urban forests and to maintain their attractiveness
as important recreation areas, we suggest depositing logging residues to be used as firewood and to restrict visitor movements
near picnic sites. 相似文献
104.
The establishment and development of the industrial symbiosis of eco-industrial park are affected by several factors. Based on the formed industrial symbiosis supporting system chart, this article analyzes the microcosmic supporting system and macroscopic supporting system. In the microcosmic supporting system, it elaborates five aspects including key enterprises, service intermediaries in the park, symbiotic enterprises, competitors and the public in detail. Then it describes the macroscopic supporting system from four aspects of governmental participation, technological innovation, educational promotion and cultural support. Finally, combining with the current construction status of the ecoindustrial park in China, it proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to build the supporting system for the eco-industrial park and provides theoretical support for the faster and better construction of the eco-industrial park in China. 相似文献
105.
106.
孔繁德 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2009,19(1):1-3,8
1981年,笔者在泰皇岛市抚宁县山羊寨村小南山发现大量动物化石,经鉴定共有32种动物,其中绝灭种7个,时代为新生代第四纪中更新世,绝对年龄为(18±2)万年至(20±2)万年,相当于北京周口店动物群后期。研究发现:其生活在低山丘陵及其河谷;当时的气候是温和湿润的温带气候,但已向凉干转化;植被为温带落叶阔叶林。 相似文献
107.
基于化工园区整体风险量分析的安全规划研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
通过对园区安全容量和危险量的分析,得到园区整体的风险评估值;提出并定义园区危安比最大临界点,用其反映园区的最大可接受风险量;运用"二八法则",确定危安比上限;当危安比在3种不同值域区间下,对应的园区安全规划的重点不同;从园区整个生命周期考虑,提出包含各个阶段的园区安全规划主要内容。 相似文献
108.
109.
In areas of war and armed conflict it is difficult to get trustworthy and coherent information. Civil society and human rights groups often face problems of dealing with fragmented witness reports, disinformation of war propaganda, and difficult direct access to these areas. Turkish Kurdistan was used as a case study of armed conflict to evaluate the potential use of satellite images for verification of witness reports collected by human rights groups. The Turkish army was reported to be burning forests, fields and villages as a strategy in the conflict against guerrilla uprising. This paper concludes that satellite images are useful to validate witness reports of forest fires. Even though the use of this technology for human rights groups will depend on some feasibility factors such as prices, access and expertise, the images proved to be key for analysis of spatial aspects of conflict and valuable for reconstructing a more trustworthy picture. 相似文献
110.
杉木观光木混交林群落的能量生态 总被引:13,自引:3,他引:10
对杉木观光木混交林群落能量的研究结果表明:混交林中观光木地上部分灰分含量以皮最高,而杉则以叶最高,两者GCV(干重热值)和AFCV(去灰分热值)均以叶为最高;观光木、杉木地下各部分的灰分含量均随径级的减小而增加,GCV均以粗根最高,细根最低;观光木的平均灰分含量高于杉木,但GCV和AFCV均低于杉木;从乔木层、灌木层到草本层,灰分含量依次增加,GCV和AFCV则依次降低,混交林群落的能量现存量公占群落的很小一部分,而其能量年净增量、归还量和净固定量却占有一定比重,混交林群落的太阳能转化率为1.57%,而纯林为1.44%,表明杉观混交林是一种能量生产力较高和维持地力能力较强的杉阔混交类型。同时,混交林的能量累积比大于纯林,能量流动速率则低于纯林;乔木层的能量累积比高于林下植被,能量流动速率则低于林下植被,从能量的角度看,构建合理的群落结构必须选择高能量累积比的乔木层树种,同时须促进能量流动速率快的林下植被的发育以维持和提高地力。 相似文献