Rapid prenatal diagnosis of 14 cases of triploidy using fish with multiple probes

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of chromosome-specific probes to interphase nuclei can rapidly identify aneuploidies in uncultured amniotic fluid cells. Using DNA probe sets specific for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y, we have identified 14 fetuses where the hybridization pattern was consistent with a triploid chromosome constitution. In each case, the identification of fetal abnormalities by ultrasound examination initiated a request for rapid determination of ploidy status via prenatal FISH analysis of uncultured amniocytes. FISH produced a three-signal pattern for the three autosomes in combination with signals indicating an XXX or XXY sex chromosome complement. This hybridization pattern was interpreted to be consistent with triploidy. Results were reported to the physician within 2 days of amniocentesis and subsequently confirmed by cytogenetics. These cases demonstrate the utility of FISH for rapid prenatal identification of triploidy, particularly when fetal abnormalities are seen with ultrasonographic examination.     

Clinical significance of persistent amniotic fluid leakage after genetic amniocentesis

Chronic amniotic fluid leakage is a rare complication of genetic amniocentesis. Pregnancy outcomes in two such patients are presented and six previous cases reviewed. Although chorioamnionitis has not been reported, potentially serious complications may occur including an increased risk for pre-term delivery and fetal skeletal deformity. While conservative management of post-amniocentesis amniotic fluid leakage is advocated, patients should be advised of these risks.     

钻井液环保性能评价与分析方法研究

通过对国内外与钻井液相关的环保标准、管理指南等规范性文件的调研,结合我国陆上油田清洁生产与环境保护的实际情况,提出将钻井液的环保性能评价项目分为生物毒性、生物降解性、重金属(总镉、总汞、总铅、总铬、总砷)、石油类和pH值等5类9项,并推荐了相应的评价分析方法。     

海洋立管内流流动分析及疲劳寿命预测

涡激振动是立管发生疲劳破坏的关键因素之一。为了更加准确预测其疲劳寿命，基于Van Der Pol尾流振子模型，考虑内外流共同作用对立管的涡激振动影响及横向和顺流向的耦合作用，建立了立管涡激振动方程，用Hermit插值函数和Newmark-β法对方程求解，进一步采用P-M准则对立管疲劳寿命进行分析。并且通过设计试验对模型进行验证，最后研究管内流速对位移响应和疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:立管振动位移随内流流速的增加而增加，造成立管疲劳寿命降低；通过增大顶张力可以有效消除内流的影响；立管两自由度涡激振动疲劳寿命大体相等，因此双向耦合作用在立管振动分析中应给予足够重视。     

Evaluation of gas release rate through holes in pipelines

A mathematical model of an accidental gas release in a long transmission pipeline is presented in terms of computational fluid mechanics. It was found that the hole model is suitable for the release of gas through a small hole, while the pipe model is suitable for the gas release through a hole corresponding to the complete breaking of the pipe. In this paper, a new model was proposed for a hole that lies between both these situations. The results of the example show that when the initial inside pressure is higher than 1.5 MPA, the mass of gas released during the sonic flow is more than 90% of the total mass of gas released. The average release rate of the total release process could be substituted by the average release rate of the sonic flow, or by 30% of the initial release rate. This approximation would become more accurate with the increase in the initial inside pressure.     

水压致裂法测量三维地应力研究

以弹性力学为基础,阐述了水压致裂法测量平面及三维地应力的原理,并以某水电站为例,通过套芯法与水压致裂法所进行的三维地应力测量实例对比发现,两者实测结果一致,说明水压致裂法测量三维地应力具有操作简便、可重复测试、测量速度快与测值可靠等优点.     

天水地震台流体异常与汶川8.0级地震关系探讨

通过对天水台（包括子台）2008年流体资料分析,在汶川8.0地震前天水流体资料短临异常明显,同震效应突出。模拟水氡观测震前1～3月开始出现异常,5个测点基本同步变化,其特征表现为测值迅速下降,然后出现转折,在上升过程中发生地震。数字化水温资料则出现同震效应,表现为水温测值大幅下降或上升,然后在几小时内恢复。数字化水位资料出现了震后效应,表现为测值持续下降,逐渐放缓下降速率,并保持低值未恢复到原来状态。通过总结分析天水台流体资料异常,对天水台及邻区的地震趋势判断是有益的。     

白铜B10和B30冲刷腐蚀对比研究

分别在3.5%NaCl水溶液、5%石英砂+自来水以及3.5%NaCl+5%石英砂3种介质中对白铜B10和B30进行冲刷腐蚀试验,用电化学方法和失重法评价了2种材料的冲刷腐蚀性能。结果表明,B30的耐腐蚀和耐冲刷性能均优于B10,冲刷试验中B10和B30在含砂介质中的失重远大于在纯液相中的失重。2者在纯液相中的冲刷性能良好,但对含砂介质的冲刷非常敏感。     

海上油田废弃钻井液的毒性评价及无害化处理技术研究进展

作为海上油田开发过程中产生的一种主要污染物,废弃钻井液成分复杂,并含有多种有毒有害物质,实现其无害化处理对保护海洋生态环境健康具有重要意义。本文在分析海上废弃钻井液化学组分及其危害的基础上,综述了国内外在废弃钻井液生物毒性评价及其无害化处理方面的研究进展,并指出针对海洋生态系统建立快速灵敏的多生物能级的钻井液毒性评价方法、开发低毒无害的钻井液体系、提高钻井液循环利用率是今后研究中应重点关注的方向。     

废弃钻井液生物絮凝剂筛选实验研究＊

针对川渝地区废弃钻井液成分复杂,高COD,高色度的特点及现有的化学法、固化处理等技术存在的缺陷,提出微生物法处理废弃钻井液的思路。通过实验筛选出最佳C源为蔗糖、最佳N源为N2的菌株,并通过正交实验确定CaCl2用量0.1%,pH7.0,絮凝剂用量1.0%的最佳絮凝条件。经现场配合筛选出的菌株对废弃钻井液进行处理,COD去除率可达到72.4%。