OPTIMUM STORAGE VOLUME OF ROOFTOP RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS FOR DOMESTIC USE1

ABSTRACT: Major parameters and optimum storage volumes of rooftop rain water harvesting systems (RRWHSs) have not been investigated in detail in Taiwan. Accordingly, the four major parameters of RRWHSs were herein identified and elucidated using a simulation method. Because the performance of the RRWHSs is sensitive to the runoff coefficient, a field experiment was conducted to determine the runoff coefficient more precisely for various types of roofs. A simulation model including production theory was developed and employed to estimate the most cost effective combination of the roof area and the storage capacity that best supplies a specific volume of water. Consequently, the expansion path of optimum solutions for different volumetric reliability of water supply can be determined. Additionally, the method based on the marginal rate of substitution can be used for determining the rational volumetric reliability. The procedures developed herein constitute an effective tool for preliminarily estimating the most satisfactory storage capacity of any specific roof area and for determining the rational reliability of a corresponding water supply.     

灾难危急时刻的管理

灾难危急时刻的管理往往是出乎于原有的抗灾计划的。研究发现,成功的灾害管理主要来源于应急组织的作用,特别是当管理中存在着信息交流、职权行使和协调发展等方面的问题时更是如此。事先的救灾计划可以减少但却不能完全消除这些管理上的问题。     

武汉市大旅游网络建设研究

从地理位置、对外经济联系、国内和省内经济地位、旅游资源丰度等方面分析了武汉市发展旅游事业的有利条件；论证了建设以武汉市为中心，向郊区（县）、省内和邻省延伸的旅游网络的必要性和可行性及发展国际旅游的潜力；提出了大力加强景点和基础设施建设，改善周边交通条件，壮大地方航空公司等加快旅游业发展的对策和措施。     

AQUIFER PARAMETERS FROM CONSTANT DRAWDOWN NONSTEADY-LEAKY TYPE CURVES1

ABSTRACT: A drain function and set of type curves were defined for the mathematical solution that represents one-dimensional flow under nonsteady conditions in a leaky aquifer for the constant drawdown boundary condition. A match point procedure was developed for determining the aquifer parameters transmissivity, storage coefficient, and leakance based on the drain function and type curves. Use of the procedure is illustrated by an example that utilizes simulated aquifer drawdowns and flowrate data. The drain function and type curves developed in this investigation include the effects of leakage for the constant drawdown boundary condition, which is not included in the existing drain function and type curve found in the literature. Thus, a new set of type curves was developed that can be used to analyze drawdowns for one-dimensional flow in a leaky aquifer with constant drawdown at a line sink. Applications would include flow to a canal or river, drainage of agricultural lands, and dewatering associated with strip mining operations.     

A possible prenatal evaluation of renal function by amino acid analysis on fetal urine

Intrauterine treatment of 4 fetuses with urethral obstruction was attempted in the third trimester of pregnancy. The fetuses displayed varying sonographic findings including pyelectasis, caliectasis, hydroureter, bladder dilatation, ascites, hydrops, missing kidneys and oligohydramnios. Ultrasonically guided aspiration from the dilated structures was carried out to relieve pressure on the kidney parenchyme and to collect fluid samples for diagnostic purposes. Amino acid concentrations in the fetal urine showed a pattern similar to plasma in 2 fetuses, a pattern almost like urine in 1 fetus and an intermediate pattern in the 4th fetus. Only the fetus with normal amino acid concentrations in the urine survived: the other 3 died in uremia shortly after birth. In 3 cases cells from the aspirated urine were cultured and used for chromosome analysis. The cell cultures grew fast and karyotyping was possible within 1 week. In 2 fetuses an intrauterine catheter was inserted to drain the kidney permanently into the amniotic cavity. In the first case the catheter was displaced to the fetal abdomen after some days of successful drainage. In the second case the catheter tore the placenta, and the child had to be delivered immediately.     

如何发挥舍务管理在学校德育中的作用

德育教育是素质教育的核心内容,在整个素质教育中处于首要的地位。加强学校的德育工作,具有十分重要的意义。长期以来,教育界人士不断探索学校德育工作的新方法、新思路,本文仅就学生舍务管理,从加强管理队伍的素质,管理方法的科学化、人性化两个层面阐述舍务管理在学校德育中的重要作用。     

东昌湖生态系统服务功能及其影响因子分析

湖泊生态系统的服务功能划分为供给功能、支撑功能、调节功能和美学功能,各项功能的发挥程度与水文特征、水质状况、生物多样性、空间物理结构和湖滨景观五个影响因子有关.通过对东昌湖历史变迁的分析,总结得出各因子对东昌湖生态系统服务功能演变的影响及各功能的变化趋势(供给功能和支撑功能呈现先增强后削弱的变化,而调节功能和美学功能总体上呈增强趋势).最后,为使东昌湖生态系统良性循环提出建议:科学调引谭庄水库补水水源,综合考虑生态效益和经济效益,促进东昌湖的综合开发和可持续利用.     

保护水资源珍惜水资源

中国现在面临的水资源危机一方面是资源性缺水，另一方面是水质性缺水。保护、珍惜水资源，防污治污迫在眉睫。本文介绍了中国水资源匮乏的情况和节水防污的措施。     

试论民族精神的社会功能

本文认为,民族精神的社会功能主要体现在三个方面。首先,民族精神在促进政治变革、维护政治稳定、促进祖国统一、抵御外来侵略、战胜自然灾害、维护民族的国际政治地位等方面具有十分重要的政治功能;其次,民族精神在促进经济发展、保障经济安全、对经济发展进行价值引导等方面,具有日益重要的经济功能;最后,民族精神在保证民族文化的传承、促进民族文化的创新和维护民族文化的安全和独立等方面,具有日益重要的文化功能。