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141.
三价钇对紫露草的遗传毒性研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用紫露草四分体微核试验法和紫露草雄蕊毛细胞突变法研究了稀土元素三价钇的遗传毒性.结果表明:Y3+能引起紫露草四分体微核率显著升高,提示Y3+是诱变剂或纺锤丝毒剂;Y3+能引起雄蕊毛细胞突变率显著升高,进一步明确Y3+是诱变剂. 相似文献
142.
143.
尹迎菊 《湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报》2007,13(3):32-35
在印刷电路板(PCB)视觉检测系统中,图象边缘提取的质量和对瑕疵图象边缘的快速而准确的识别是达到实时检测的关键因素,Hough变换是一种应用非常广泛的图像边缘检测技术,运用快速的Hough变换方法,来完成PCB检测的圆心定位和半径测定,并通过针时PCB在线检测的具体应用情况加以改进并应用,实验分析表明,该算法在PCB在线检测的可行性和优越性.图5,参5. 相似文献
144.
实数编码遗传算法的评述 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
遗传算法是一种基于自然选择和遗传变异等生物进化机制的全局优化搜索算法.使用实数表示基因的实数编码遗传算法常用于求解连续函数优化等问题.本文阐述了实数编码遗传算法研究的有关工作进展,讨论了算法框架及特点,对实数编码遗传算法中常用的选择、交叉和变异算子进行了比较全面的形式化描述,并介绍了其未来研究方向. 相似文献
145.
Conventional mathematical programming methods, such as linear programming, non linear programming, dynamic programming and
integer programming have been used to solve the cost optimization problem for regional wastewater treatment systems. In this
study, a river water quality management model was developed through the integration of a genetic algorithm (GA). This model
was applied to a river system contaminated by three determined discharge sources to achieve the water quality goals and wastewater
treatment cost optimization in the river basin. The genetic algorithm solution, described the treatment plant efficiency,
such that the cost of wastewater treatment for the entire river basin is minimized while the water quality constraints in
each reach are satisfied. This study showed that genetic algorithm can be applied for river water quality modeling studies
as an alternative to the present methods. 相似文献
146.
Reproductive Success of Captive-Bred Steelhead Trout in the Wild: Evaluation of Three Hatchery Programs in the Hood River 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
HITOSHI ARAKI‡ WILLIAM R. ARDREN§ ERIK OLSEN† BECKY COOPER MICHAEL S. BLOUIN 《Conservation biology》2007,21(1):181-190
Abstract: Population supplementation programs that release captive-bred offspring into the wild to boost the size of endangered populations are now in place for many species. The use of hatcheries for supplementing salmonid populations has become particularly popular. Nevertheless, whether such programs actually increase the size of wild populations remains unclear, and predictions that supplementation fish drag down the fitness of wild fish remain untested. To address these issues, we performed DNA-based parentage analyses on almost complete samples of anadromous steelhead ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) in the Hood River in Oregon (U.S.A.). Steelhead from a supplementation hatchery (reared in a supplementation hatchery and then allowed to spawn naturally in the wild) had reproductive success indistinguishable from that of wild fish. In contrast, fish from a traditional hatchery (nonlocal origin, multiple generations in hatcheries) breeding in the same river showed significantly lower fitness than wild fish. In addition, crosses between wild fish and supplementation fish were as reproductively successful as those between wild parents. Thus, there was no sign that supplementation fish drag down the fitness of wild fish by breeding with them for a single generation. On the other hand, crosses between hatchery fish of either type (traditional or supplementation) were less fit than expected, suggesting a possible interaction effect. These are the first data to show that a supplementation program with native brood stock can provide a single-generation boost to the size of a natural steelhead population without obvious short-term fitness costs. The long-term effects of population supplementation remain untested. 相似文献
147.
The Value of Biodiversity in Reserve Selection: Representation, Species Weighting, and Benefit Functions 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
ANNI ARPONEN§ RISTO K. HEIKKINEN† CHRIS D. THOMAS‡ ATTE MOILANEN 《Conservation biology》2005,19(6):2009-2014
Abstract: The limited availability of resources for conservation has led to the development of many quantitative methods for selecting reserves that aim to maximize the biodiversity value of reserve networks. In published analyses, species are often considered equal, although some are in much greater need of protection than others. Furthermore, representation is usually treated as a threshold: a species is either represented or not, but varying levels of representation over or under a given target level are not valued differently. We propose that a higher representation level should also have higher value. We introduce a framework for reserve selection that includes species weights and benefit functions for under- and overrepresentation (number of locations for each species). We applied the method to conservation planning for herb-rich forests in southern Finland. Our use of benefit functions and weighting changed the identity of about 50% of the selected sites at different funding levels and improved the representation of rare and threatened species. We also identified a small area of additional land that would substantially enhance the existing reserve network. We suggest that benefit functions and species weighting should be considered as standard options in reserve-selection applications. 相似文献
148.
山西高原油松种群遗传多样性 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)技术,分析了山西高原9个油松种群在醇溶蛋白水平上的遗传多样性。135份材料共分离出23条带,其中3条为共有带,多态性高达86.95%。全部材料共出现53种带型,9个不同油松种群的带型有差异,同一种群不同个体的带型也有所不同,说明山西高原的油松在遗传上已产生一定程度分化,在醇溶蛋白水平上呈现出遗传多态性。从供试材料的带型计算出油松遗传分化系数为0.1547。即在种群间的变异占总变异的15.47%,种群内变异为84.53%,大部分的遗传变异存在于种群内,但种群间的分化程度在松属树种中也属于较高水平。根据23个多态位点计算遗传相似系数和遗传距离,进行聚类分析,将山西高原9个油松种群聚为3个类群。 相似文献
149.
我国主要花生品种的AFLP分析 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:19
对32个来源于中国不同产地的花生品种进行了AFLP指纹图谱及相似性聚类分析.结果表明:所有供试花生品种的遗传相似性为35%,在45%的相似性水平处分为3个群,表明我国的花生品种存在遗传多态性.AFLP指纹图谱分析技术能很好地反映出花生品种之间存在的遗传差异.图2表1参26 相似文献
150.
Lantz Miller 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》1998,11(1):1-16
A critique is made of Bernard Rollin's examination of the ethics of cloning adult mammalian cells. The primary concern is less to propound an anticloning or procloning position than to call for full exploration of the ethical complexities before a rush to judgment is made. Indeed, the ethical examination in question rushes toward an ethical position in such a way that does not appear consistent with Rollin's usual methodology. By extending this methodology – which entails full weighing of benefits and costs – it becomes apparent that there are real potential risks to this type of cloning in both animals and humans, besides the possible benefits, and that the scientific, political, philosophical, and broader academic communities should explore these risks and benefits extensively. Rollin's usual methodological call for hesitation before risks would translate into hesitation before the ethical risks of adult mammalian cell cloning instead of his paper's curiously laissez-faire stance. 相似文献