垃圾渗滤液对蚕豆根尖细胞微核效应的研究

利用蚕豆根尖细胞微核测定技术对垃圾渗滤液的微核效应进行了监测．结果表明,填埋场垃圾的微核率为１２．７０×１０－３ ,渗滤液的微核率为（１６ ．７６ ～２９．５）×１０ －３ ．垃圾场底部０～１０ ｃｍ 处的土层已被污染,微核率为１５．３８ ×１０－３ ,与ＣＫ有显著性差异;而３０ ～４０ ｃｍ 处土层的微核率为７ ．６５ ×１０－３ ,与ＣＫ无显著性差异,提示该处土层对垃圾渗滤液中污染物向下迁移有拦截、净化作用．经过处理后的渗滤液的微核率明显降低．蚕豆根尖微核检测结果与化学分析结果相吻合,认为此法可用于对垃圾渗滤液污染状况进行生物监测．     

基于改进混合遗传-支持向量机的CMF产水预测研究

将模拟退火思想和加速遗传特性相结合,改进选择策略和遗传算子,建立加速遗传模拟退火算法（AGSA）;基于支持向量机（SVM）的非线性回归和改进混合遗传算法的因子筛选,构造了支持向量机模型参数的自适应优化算法,提出连续微滤系统（CMF）产水预测模型;通过实测中试规模连续微滤系统产水量变化对模型进行验证,结果表明：该模型较好...     

基于变权重和信息熵的区域水资源安全投影寻踪评价模型

区域水资源安全评价是气候变化下区域水安全管理的一项重要调控措施。为合理确定各评价指标的权重,提出了把权重结构分解为评价指标的单样本权重和样本集权重的新观点,建立了用基于加速遗传算法的模糊层次分析法和最小相对信息熵原理确定单样本权重、用基于加速遗传算法的投影寻踪模型和最大信息熵原理确定样本集权重的新模型--基于变权重和信息熵的投影寻踪评价模型（CWE PP）。将CWE PP模型应用于全国水资源安全背景下的巢湖流域水资源安全评价,结果表明：巢湖流域水资源安全状况整体上介于重度缺水与中度缺水之间,偏向重度缺水,略低于安徽省水资源安全状况。用CWE PP进行区域水资源安全评价,物理概念明确,计算结果合理,方法通用,在资源与环境综合评价中具有一定的推广应用价值。     

Optimal power flow model incorporating wind,solar, and bundled solar-thermal power in the restructured Indian power system

A new optimal power flow model for wind, solar, and solar-thermal bundled power scheduling and dispatch is proposed, incorporating the deviation incentive/penalty charges for renewable energy introduced in India. The multiobjective function is solved using the flower pollination algorithm; the scheme is successfully tested on the IEEE 30-bus and Indian utility 30-bus systems. The forecasting error constraints introduced in renewable energy scheduling and dispatch are demonstrated to be beneficial in several aspects. Solar-thermal bundling is shown to create win-win situations for thermal and solar generators. The effectiveness of the flower pollination algorithm in solving optimal power flow models is proved.     

基于智能优化算法的河流水质模型参数的优化

为探索河流水质模型参数新的求解方法,根据有限的实测数据,分别应用免疫进化优化算法和免疫进化优选的捕食搜索算法,对河流水质模型计算公式中的多参数进行优化。将优化得到的计算公式用于国内外若干河流的河段中DO浓度值的拟合,并与实测结果进行了比较。结果表明,将免疫进化优化算法或免疫进化优选的捕食搜索算法优化得到的水质模型参数精度不仅较高,而且相对稳定,从而为河流水质模型参数的优化提供了一种新方法。     

基于遗传神经网络模型的空气能见度预测

由于雾霾导致的空气能见度降低,给人们的出行带来很多不便。针对这一现象,构建基于遗传神经网络算法的空气能见度预测模型。将与空气能见度相关的7种气象因子和6种污染物浓度因子经过主成份分析后作为输入数据,输出8:00能见度和14:00能见度。该模型能够克服BP神经网络易陷入平坦区域和局部最优解的问题。以西安市2013-1-1—8-16的数据训练遗传神经网络,通过使用灰色模型获得预测时间段8-17—23的输入数据,可以得到这段时间能见度的预测值。通过与BP神经网络模型的比较,发现遗传神经网络预测模型在预测结果的相关性和绝对误差方面均优于BP神经网络模型,因此,可以更准确地预测空气能见度。     

红枫湖水体中叶绿素a的遥感监测

以地处贵州中部的红枫湖水库为研究区,2010年的ALOS影像为基础,利用B3、B4(三波段和四波段)的乘积影像研究红枫湖水库库区表面的叶绿素a分布情况。结果表明,库区水体叶绿素a浓度在空间分布上呈现自三岔河入水口到北湖逐渐降低,沿岸边向湖中心逐渐降低的态势。探讨了适宜该库区的水体叶绿素a的提取方法,并引入基于费歇尔准则的最优分割算法,利用计算机编程实现了该库区叶绿素a分布水平的最优分划。这一系列针对该库区水体叶绿素a提取、分析和监测的优化方法,对该水源地的污染监测和库区的生态治理有一定的参考价值。     

基于双层规划的危险品运输专用车道优化设计

为更有效地设置危险品运输专用车道,在降低运输风险的同时减少专用道对路权的占用,从路网整体出发,以总体出行成本最小、路网运输风险最小和专用道利用率最大为目标,构建双层规划模型;使用NSGA-2算法求解双层规划模型,结合算例网络进行分析,验证模型和算法的有效性.结果表明:模型可综合考虑路网风险和总体出行成本,得到有效的专用...     

Genetic diversity and IUCN Red List status

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List is an important and widely used tool for conservation assessment. The IUCN uses information about a species’ range, population size, habitat quality and fragmentation levels, and trends in abundance to assess extinction risk. Genetic diversity is not considered, although it affects extinction risk. Declining populations are more strongly affected by genetic drift and higher rates of inbreeding, which can reduce the efficiency of selection, lead to fitness declines, and hinder species’ capacities to adapt to environmental change. Given the importance of conserving genetic diversity, attempts have been made to find relationships between red-list status and genetic diversity. Yet, there is still no consensus on whether genetic diversity is captured by the current IUCN Red List categories in a way that is informative for conservation. To assess the predictive power of correlations between genetic diversity and IUCN Red List status in vertebrates, we synthesized previous work and reanalyzed data sets based on 3 types of genetic data: mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites, and whole genomes. Consistent with previous work, species with higher extinction risk status tended to have lower genetic diversity for all marker types, but these relationships were weak and varied across taxa. Regardless of marker type, genetic diversity did not accurately identify threatened species for any taxonomic group. Our results indicate that red-list status is not a useful metric for informing species-specific decisions about the protection of genetic diversity and that genetic data cannot be used to identify threat status in the absence of demographic data. Thus, there is a need to develop and assess metrics specifically designed to assess genetic diversity and inform conservation policy, including policies recently adopted by the UN's Convention on Biological Diversity Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.     

非色散红外CO2飞机火警探测技术研究

提出了基于非色散红外吸收原理(NDIR)实时监测环境中CO2气体浓度变化进行火警探测的方法。根据高空大气环境的特殊性,探讨了基于NDIR的CO2气体探测技术应用于飞机上所面临的低温低压难题。进行了基于NDIR的红外CO2飞机火警探测器的两种结构设计,提出了基于CO2气体浓度监测的红外CO2飞机火警探测器的主要参数要求,研究了基于CO2浓度变化速率与变化值的火灾报警算法。