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121.
生态县建设是实施可持续性战略的重要内容,在目前基础设施落后,资金短缺,技术力量不足的情况下,建设颇具复杂性、艰巨性,先进性和综合性的生态工程,是每个县政府的历史责任,生态建设理论的核心是社会-经济-自然复合生态系统理论、系统生态学理论,持续发展和同步建设理论三个方面的基本构架、近年来我国在农业生态工程、工业生态工程、水陆生态工程、生态县建设方面,取得了一定的经验。 相似文献
122.
Rethinking Community-Based Conservation 总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34
FIKRET BERKES 《Conservation biology》2004,18(3):621-630
Abstract: Community-based conservation (CBC) is based on the idea that if conservation and development could be simultaneously achieved, then the interests of both could be served. It has been controversial because community development objectives are not necessarily consistent with conservation objectives in a given case. I examined CBC from two angles. First, CBC can be seen in the context of paradigm shifts in ecology and applied ecology. I identified three conceptual shifts—toward a systems view, toward the inclusion of humans in the ecosystem, and toward participatory approaches to ecosystem management—that are interrelated and pertain to an understanding of ecosystems as complex adaptive systems in which humans are an integral part. Second, I investigated the feasibility of CBC, as informed by a number of emerging interdisciplinary fields that have been pursuing various aspects of coupled systems of humans and nature. These fields—common property, traditional ecological knowledge, environmental ethics, political ecology, and environmental history—provide insights for CBC. They may contribute to the development of an interdisciplinary conservation science with a more sophisticated understanding of social-ecological interactions. The lessons from these fields include the importance of cross-scale conservation, adaptive comanagement, the question of incentives and multiple stakeholders, the use of traditional ecological knowledge, and development of a cross-cultural conservation ethic. 相似文献
123.
耕地保护中的政府责任 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
认为各级政府是耕地保护的主体,负有建设、管理和保护耕地的责任。十几年来,由于政府耕地保护责任的缺失,全国出现了相关法律法规缺乏协调、政策不连贯、执法力度不够、违法用地现象普遍等问题。今后应进一步落实政府责任制,为耕地保护创造良好的工作机制和条件,管理部门要提高耕地管理水平,公开政务信息,疏通司法审判渠道,切实保障农民的合法权益。 相似文献
124.
Philippa Howell 《Disasters》1998,22(1):57-75
This case study of an NGO's response to a food crisis due to crop failure focuses on the extent of active community participation at each stage of the project. With the current debate on the relationship between relief and development, and in particular the focus on encouraging more active community participation in relief responses, this study has relevance both in the Ethiopian context and beyond.
In this example the participation process was greatly facilitated by the prior relationship between the international NGO and the communities, and also by the high level of staff input into the project. Where resources or conditions are less favourable, as might be the case in similar responses by local NGOs or government agencies, the paper suggests that the participatory approach can be adapted or partially implemented and still result in a more effective and locally relevant operation. 相似文献
In this example the participation process was greatly facilitated by the prior relationship between the international NGO and the communities, and also by the high level of staff input into the project. Where resources or conditions are less favourable, as might be the case in similar responses by local NGOs or government agencies, the paper suggests that the participatory approach can be adapted or partially implemented and still result in a more effective and locally relevant operation. 相似文献
125.
Without public contributions, recycling from domestic waste would not be possible. In order to support recycling projects it is important to try to understand who recycles, how they recycle, and why they recycle. This paper presents the results of a structured survey of 500 members of the public served by schemes to collect plastics waste for recycling. Data were gathered on the characteristics, behaviours and motivations of recyclers. The authors also sought to discover how the public perceive plastics compared to other materials, and as a recyclable material. Responses were collected in such a way that the awareness of the recyclability of materials could be compared with the recycling behaviour of respondents. An element of comparison was introduced between those served by a system of bottle banks (bring scheme) and those covered by a household collection (collect scheme). The survey results are reported and their implications for the management of post-consumer plastics waste collection schemes are discussed. 相似文献
126.
本文以公共卫生危机和社会突发事件为个案,以政府面对这些危机所面临的挑战和取得的经验为研究对象,分析公共危机产生的原因和基本特征,提出了面对公共危机时应建立政府危机管理的预警系统,建立快速反应机制,动员社会参与危机救治,加强信息流通,加强公共危机的法制化建设. 相似文献
127.
128.
环境影响评价中的公众参与现状及其改进建议 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对30多份环境影响报告书的分析,针对我国目前的公众参与现状及存在的问题,提出改进建议。 相似文献
129.
论中国环境影响评价中公众参与的一般模式 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
公众参与在环境影响评价中的作用是不可替代的,并成为各国环评的基本内容.环评中公众参与的一般模式包括公众享有环境知情权和参与决策权、合适的公众参与的主体范围、明确的公众参与环评的程序和方法以及公众参与环评的保障机制.为更好地发挥环评的作用,应当从实体和程序两方面对法规加以完善.还应在信息公开、立法的完善和配套制度的建立等方面完善环评中的公众参与制度. 相似文献
130.
我国资源开发利用中的价格问题 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
资源开发利用是经济学研究的一个基本问题,资源利用的价格问题在中国社会主义市场经济机制建设与发展中十分重要。在我国,卡尔·马克思的劳动价值理论是资源利用价格问题研究的基础,但需要吸收其它成功的尤其是西方的理论与实践之处。对于资源价格问题,不仅需要研究其市场因素,而且要研究其非市场因素;同时,在资源价格机制研究中,政府功能的问题也十分重要。 相似文献