绿色食品产地土壤中PAHs测定方法研究

对绿色食品产地土壤中多环芳烃的气相色谱质谱联用分析法进行了研究。样品经索氏提取后硅胶氧化铝复合柱净化,最后用GC/MS内标法进行定性定量分析。方法相关系数除苯并(a,h)蒽的相关系数R2=0.9970外,其余目标化合物的相关系数R2均大于0.9991,各化合物线性关系良好。方法加标回收率大多在70%至90%间,各目标化合物的方法检测限为2.2～40ng/kg。     

城市绿地系统景观生态规划探讨

从景观生态的角度对城市绿地系统进行规划探讨,能够为绿地系统规划布局提供科学的理论指导。在介绍了对绿地系统规划有重要指导意义的景观生态理论的基础上,以常州市新北区为例,进行实证研究,概括了其绿地现状并指出了其存在一系列问题,进而利用景观生态的基本原理,对本区域的绿地系统进行规划研究。将整个研究地区分成“区域层面、分区层面以及具体规划设计层面”3个尺度层面,并且在每个层面利用景观生态中相关原理分别进行研究,最终形成层次分明、在功能上相互补充、有机联系的绿地系统结构。     

Globalization of the Amazon Soy and Beef Industries: Opportunities for Conservation

Abstract:  Amazon beef and soybean industries, the primary drivers of Amazon deforestation, are increasingly responsive to economic signals emanating from around the world, such as those associated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, "mad cow disease") outbreaks and China's economic growth. The expanding role of these economic "teleconnections" (coupled phenomena that take place in distant places on the planet) led to a 3-year period (2002–2004) of historically high deforestation rates. But it also increases the potential for large-scale conservation in the region as markets and finance institutions demand better environmental and social performance of beef and soy producers. Cattle ranchers and soy farmers who have generally opposed ambitious government regulations that require forest reserves on private property are realizing that good land stewardship—including compliance with legislation—may increase their access to expanding domestic and international markets and to credit and lower the risk of "losing" their land to agrarian reform. The realization of this potential depends on the successful negotiation of social and environmental performance criteria and an associated system of certification that are acceptable to both the industries and civil society. The foot-and-mouth eradication system, in which geographic zones win permission to export beef, may provide an important model for the design of a low-cost, peer-enforced, socioenvironmental certification system that becomes the mechanism by which beef and soy industries gain access to markets outside the Amazon.     

Radon Exhalation Rate of Some Building Materials Used in Egypt

Indoor radon has been recognized as one of the health hazards for mankind. Common building materials used for construction of houses, which are considered as one of the major sources of this gas in indoor environment, have been studied for exhalation rate of radon. Non-nuclear industries, such as coal fired power plants or fertilizer production facilities, generate large amounts of waste gypsum as by-products. Compared to other building materials waste gypsum from fertilizer production facilities (phosphogypsum) shows increased rates of radon exhalation. In the present, investigation solid state alpha track detectors, CR-39 plastic detectors, were used to measure the indoor radon concentration and the radon exhalation rates from some building materials used in Egypt. The indoor radon concentration and the radon exhalation rate ranges were found to be 24–55 Bq m⁻³ and 11–223 mBq m⁻² h⁻¹, respectively. The effective dose equivalent range for the indoor was found 0.6–1.4 mSv y⁻¹. The equilibrium factor between radon and its daughters increased with the increase of relative humidity.     

取代芳烃对绿藻、斜生栅列藻急性毒性的自相关拓扑指数

本文提出新的原子生物活性值 (ai) ,由其建构自相关拓扑指数 ( mL) . 1 6种氯代芳烃对绿藻的急性毒性 ( -lgEC50 )与其0 L ,1L的回归方程为 :-lgEC50 =0 6 1 99+2 6 1 6 3× 1 0 - 6　1L2 5+ 0 0 0 92 0 L ,r=0 936 3. 1 8种苯酚、苯胺类化合物对斜生栅列藻的急性毒性 ( -lgEC50 )可以表示为 :-lgEC50 =1 1 374 + 0 1 4 4 71L0 6+ 0 0 0 2 70 L,r=0 95 35 .用Jackknife法检验 ,以上模型具有总体稳健性 .     

Long-term engineering properties of recycled plastic lumber used in pier construction

Plastic lumber manufactured using post consumer waste plastic has been proposed as an acceptable material for use in the construction of docks, piers and bulkheads and is touted to outlast conventional wood products due to its strength, durability and resistance to rot. This study examines the long-term engineering properties of plastic lumber manufactured using post consumer waste plastic (TRIMAX, Ronkonkoma, NY). Plastic lumber profiles were used in the decking of a pier built in West Meadow Creek, Old Field, NY during December 1995. Samples of plastic lumber were removed from the deck of the pier periodically over a two-year period and returned to the laboratory for testing. Results of engineering tests showed the in-plane compression modulus (260±30 MPa), dimensional stability and the Shore D surface hardness (60±2) of plastic lumber removed from the pier remained similar to or greater than their pre-placement values. In contrast, significant changes in the modulus of elasticity of plastic lumber were measured with prolonged weathering. The modulus of elasticity of plastic lumber initially decreased from 1370 Pa to 750 Pa following 12 months weathering, a decrease equal to 45% of its pre-placement value and then increased during the second year to close to its initial value. The high variability in the modulus of elasticity should restrict the use of plastic lumber profiles to non-load bearing structural applications.     

环境资源约束下中国工业绿色全要素水资源效率研究

通过构建RAM-SFA-RAM三阶段工业绿色全要素水资源效率测度模型，对其不同层面的效率值进行多维测度与比较分析，并利用空间Tobit模型对工业绿色全要素水资源效率的驱动机制进行实证检验.效率测度结果表明，环境因素与统计噪音是效率值计算中不可忽视的重要影响因素；全国样本的效率值在2000~2017年期间总体变化趋势是以持续上升为主，但距离理想发展状态还存在较大差距，具体阶段上可划分为“稳增期”、“振落期”和“提速期”；区域层面的检验中，东部效率具有较为显著的领先优势，而中部和东北部效率差异性相对较小，其变化曲线存在明显的“交互性”现象，西部则整体效率偏低；主要经济带的检验中，京津冀地区的工业绿色全要素水资源效率整体上要高于泛珠三角和泛长三角地区.驱动机制检验表明，基于全国样本维度的水资源禀赋、企业技术创新、用水结构和环境规制对工业绿色全要素水资源效率具有正向促进作用，而产业结构、城镇化率表现为负向抑制效应；在区域样本检验中，各影响要素在不同区域之间所呈现出的作用效果存在一定差异性，但产业结构调整、城镇化水平等应引起重视，不同区域需要依据其实际特点采取针对性的改进措施.     

从绿色消费到绿色技术到绿色设计

分析了绿色消费、绿色技术、绿色设计的内涵；阐述了由绿色消费引起绿色技术和绿色设计的链式反应过程；讨论了“绿色浪潮”的成因。     

A straightforward synthesis in aqueous medium of enantiomerically enriched S(-)2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-binaphthyl

Chiral, atropisomeric 2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl has been extensively used to direct asymmetric processes. Its key role in asymmetric catalysis has spurred efforts to synthesize it in the optically pure form, but the reported synthetic routes have a significant environmental impact. In an aqueous peroxydase-cyclodextrin system the oxidative coupling of 2-naphthol took place very rapidly in almost quantitative yield and resulted in an enantiomeric excess. This one-pot synthesis do not require any organic solvents and oxidising metal cations.     

酸雨对苏州市文物古建筑的影响初探

近年来，苏州市区酸雨出现频率增加，降水pH值下降，威胁着众多的文物古建筑。因此从苏州现存文物古建筑的五种材质入手，剖析酸雨对文物古建筑的影响，并对国家重点保护文物罗汉院双塔及正殿遗址典型的案例进行了剖析。