丹阳市宅基地使用权流转意愿的影响因素及相互作用

通过丹阳市4个村320户农户实地问卷调查,分析了丹阳市宅基地使用权流转意愿的影响因素,由Logistic回归分析模型,给出了影响因素的驱动力、贡献率的数学表达。结果表明：文化程度、宅基地个数、家庭总收入等影响因素对流转意愿呈正相关;户主年龄、家庭人口数量等影响因素对流转意愿呈负相关。同一农户的影响因素在不同阶段对流转意愿度的贡献率不同,家庭收入和户主年龄是影响宅基地流转的主要因素,他们对宅基地流转分别起着推力和阻力作用,在相互作用过程中,两者之间彼此消长。实地抽样结果分析表明,丹阳农村户主文化程度若为初中且年龄在35岁时,家庭收入能达到34 000元的话,宅基地使用权流转意愿度超过50%。以后每年家庭收入能有一定增速的话,农户流转意愿度将持续保持在50%以上。     

农村土地流转影响因素的理论与实证研究——基于农民阶层分化与产权偏好的视角

随着我国经济的发展和社会转型,农民群体逐渐分化为不同职业的农民阶层,由于职业选择的不同以及生活环境的变化,农民在经济收入、产权偏好等方面都出现了巨大的差异,这导致他们对土地流转意愿与决策行为的选择也出现分化,因此,研究由于农民职业分化导致的产权偏好不同及对土地流转的影响就具有重要现实意义.本文利用笔者对江苏省实地问卷调查所得的数据,在理论分析与研究假说的基础上,运用Lagistic模型对农民职业分化、产权偏好与农村土地流转的关系进行了实证分析.研究结果表明:文化程度、职业类别、非农收入比重、是否具有非农就业技能、是否拥有转让权、地权稳定性、地区虚拟变量对土地流转有正向影响,年龄则对土地流转有负向影响,而农业劳动力人数、土地的养老保障作用和是否具有抵押权则对土地流转决策没有显著影响.基于上述研究结论,本文提出了应强化土地产权、完善产权结构、大力发展非农产业和提供非农就业机会、提高农村劳动力职业技术素质、逐步建立和完善农村社会保障体系等政策建议.     

自主研发、技术引进与能源消耗强度——基于中国工业行业的实证分析

本文运用1998-2007年中国工业32个行业面板数据,将工业各行业研发总支出划分为自主研发、国外技术引进和国内技术转移三个部分,在估算自主研发存量和技术引进存量的基础上,研究了自主研发、技术引进对工业能源消耗强度的影响,并考察了能源相对价格、FDI的进入程度以及工业内部行业结构等因素.研究表明,自主研发和国外技术引进对能源强度的影响存在行业差异.自主研发对全工业行业和高能源强度行业的能源强度有显著负效应,对低能源强度行业的影响不显著;国内技术转移对全工业行业和低能源强度行业的能源强度有显著负的影响,对高能源强度行业的影响不显著;国外技术引进在所有样本中对能源强度的影响均不显著.研究还发现,在低能源强度行业中,自主研发并没有与国外技术引进互为补充共同促进能源强度的下降;在高、低能源强度行业样本中,自主研发没有与国内技术转移形成互补优势,有助于能源强度的下降.     

Heat as emergency,heat as chronic stress: policy and institutional responses to vulnerability to extreme heat

Increasingly commonplace in cities, extreme heat events introduce multi-stress vulnerability, affecting people’s health and well-being, financial situation, mobility, social relations, and access to basic services. Planning to reduce heat vulnerability has become part of government business and to some extent community-level responses, cutting across a number of sectors including public health, emergency management, social services, critical infrastructure, and housing. This planning is often framed around heat as an emergency, focusing on preventing loss of life and severe health impacts, yet a vulnerability perspective also draws attention to the chronic and persistent impacts of heat. Our research, based on interviews and desktop research in Melbourne, Australia, found tensions between addressing heat as an emergency and heat as a source of chronic stress, with emergency responses taking precedence over responses addressing the chronic dimensions of heat. Each approach results in different but nonetheless related programmatic priorities for reducing vulnerability. In complex institutional settings, improving relations between policy and programme managers, non-government organisations, and vulnerable people themselves would enable the multiple stresses associated with extreme heat to be more effectively addressed. Policy and institutional responses that better appreciate the interconnections between the emergency and chronic aspects of heat would likely reduce vulnerability and contribute to more just approaches to urban sustainability.     

立式加热炉节能减排可行性研究

大庆油田原稳装置采用立式加热炉,烟气中存在大量的废热。在现有装置运行中,烟气直接排放,浪费了大量的热量。通过在实验装置中可回收废热资源及废热回收技术研究,采用热管技术回收烟气废热,用于预热空气,不仅会节能降耗,给企业创造可观的经济效益,还会减少大气污染,创造良好的社会效益。     

成都市城市效应对大气环境的影响

本文利用1979—1981年气象资料用统计方法分析了城市热岛效应对主要气象要素时空分布特征的影响(例如:温度、无霜期、风速、日照、云量、降水量、雷暴、雨日、雾日和土壤温度),结果表明:城市效应对市区大气环境的影响是明显的。     

COMPARISON OF REGRESSION AND TIME-SERIES METHODS FOR SYNTHESIZING MISSING STREAMFLOW RECORDS1

ABSTRACT: Regression and time-series techniques have been used to synthesize and predict the stream flow at the Foresta Bridge gage from information at the upstream Pohono Bridge gage on the Merced River near Yosemite National Park. Using the available data from two time periods (calendar year 1979 and water year 1986), we evaluated the two techniques in their ability to model the variation in the observed flows and in their ability to predict stream flow at the Foresta Bridge gage for the 1979 time period with data from the 1986 time period. Both techniques produced reasonably good estimates and forecasts of the flow at the downstream gage. However, the regression model was found to have a significant amount of autocorrelation in the residuals, which the time-series model was able to eliminate. The time-series technique presented can be of great assistance in arriving at reasonable estimates of flow in data sets that have large missing portions of data.     

炭黑工业烟气余热的回收及利用

对油炉法炭黑生产过程烟气的来源，组成，发生量，特性作了介绍，着重研究了炭黑烟气余热的加收及利用。结果表明，采用余热锅炉串联多级空气预热器，是目前我国炭黑烟气余热回收及利用的最佳方法，采用这种方法，不仅可将高温炭黑烟气的余热量最大限度地回收及利用，同时可满足炭黑收集及烟气净化系统设备对炭黑烟气温度的要求，采用该法，炭黑烟气余热利用率可提高２０％以上，经济效益十分可观。     

韶钢新石灰窑烟气除尘技术的应用

韶钢新石灰窑烟气除尘系统要用旋风除尘器、金属管式换热器、高效陶瓷多管除尘器的组合方式。介绍了该系统的设计参数、工艺流程、主要设备及其功能。     

基于传热分析的林火蔓延特性研究

计算了水平流动的热烟气与大乔木、小乔木、灌木主干及大乔木树叶间的强制对流传热；垂直上升流动的热烟气与各类林木的纵向自然对流、纵向强制对流传热；以及烟气对各类林木的辐射传热。分别比较了它们的热流密度和总换热量。讨论了烟气流速、温度、林木尺寸等因素对换热的影响。在此基础上，对不同林木的火险特性进行了预测。