基于Landsat TM/ETM+的天津城区及滨海新区热岛效应时空变化研究

利用1987年、1998年、2004年和2008年4景Landsat TM/ETM+数据的热红外波段数据反演天津市地表亮温,并对绝对亮温值进行归一化处理得到相对亮温。通过对相对亮温分布图进行时空分析可知,自1987年到2008年,天津市热岛效应主要发生在中心城区、滨海新区以及道路沿线等区域。热岛范围在加大,强度也在增加。中心城区热岛效应不断加剧,滨海新区的热岛效应则从无到有,从弱到强,变化十分明显。并分析了热岛现象产生和异常的原因,有降水变化、农作物收割、公路建设和建成区增加。     

海水热泵对海水温度影响分析

文章以大连星海湾商务区海水源热泵工程为例,对海水源热泵这一新型环保型供能技术对海域可能产生的温升温降影响进行分析。海水源热泵技术是一种可以利用海水这一可再生能源作为冷热源的既可供热又可制冷的高效节能系统。温海水排放入海后,在水动力的作用下,经历潮混合过程,排放口附近一定范围内形成温度相对上升的温升场。温升高值区处在排放口至马栏河口之间的河段内。项目温排水对整体渔业资源和经济生物不会产生明显影响。     

宁海“十里红妆”博物馆拟建场地稳定性评价

采用工程地质测绘等手段首先确定了宁海"十里红妆"博物馆拟建场地所存在的潜在的地质灾害(主要是滑坡);然后对各潜在地质灾害点的工程地质条件进行了重点调查,并运用传递系数法对潜在的地质灾害进行了稳定性计算;最后根据稳定性计算的结果、钻探勘察资料分析和野外调查的实际情况对宁海"十里红妆"博物馆拟建场地进行了稳定性评价。     

基于深部位移监测的渐进推移式滑坡变形传递过程研究

根据巴东县张家屋滑坡的地表位移变化,分析三峡库区高水位运行下,降雨为该滑坡变形的主要影响因素,进一步根据深部（滑带）位移与降雨量的相关性,得出滑带土变形较降雨有一定的滞后性,且滞后时间由后至前逐渐增大,表现出滑带变形由后缘向前缘传递的特征,揭示了渐进推移式滑坡的变形特点,并利用FLAC数值软件模拟了该滑坡在滑体重度逐渐...     

西北中等城市热岛效应变化特征——以天水市为例

为探索西北部中等城市的城市热岛效应规律,利用2004—2010年天水市城、郊自动气象站资料,对天水市城、郊温度差异进行了系统分析。结果表明:天水市城区热岛效应比较显著;冬季是热岛现象最强的季节,夏季是热岛现象最弱的季节;城区热岛现象持续时间为18:00—10:00,占全天的2/3,最大强度达1.5℃;城区凉岛持续时间为11:00—17:00,占全天的1/3,最大强度为0.3℃;地面温度城、郊差比气温更大,40cm以下城区地温全年大于郊区;降雪日及连阴雨天气的中后期,城区基本上维持凉岛;强降温天气下,城、郊气温变化基本一致,差别不大。     

湿法烟气脱硫系统运行节能优化措施

针对石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫系统在台州发电厂的应用过程中几项改造项目进行了分析和总结,提出改进湿法脱硫系统运行经济性的措施,在提高脱硫设备运行稳定性、降低脱硫设备故障率,减少脱硫运行对主机的影响等方面达到了显著的效果,为脱硫系统的节能、经济运行提供了参考。     

相转移法环氧氯丙烷装置蒸馏釜燃爆事故分析

针对相转移法环氧氯丙烷装置蒸馏釜燃爆事故,采用故障树分析方法,以蒸馏釜燃爆作为顶上事件进行分析。在进行故障树最小割集分析与基本事件重要度分析的基础上,根据3种不同燃爆事故类型分别提出了相应的蒸馏釜燃爆事故预防措施。     

印刷车间空气处理方案的节能分析

基于印刷车间工艺特点对温湿度等环境参数的要求,结合空气处理过程焓湿图分析了实现印刷车间温湿度控制的几种空气处理方案在节能方面的优势,并指出了其适用场合的局限性。结合热回收方案对适合印刷车间的空调节能技术进行了论述,旨在优化车间内部生产环境,为实现节能减排以及绿色生产提供理论依据。     

Fire Tests on E-vehicle Battery Cells and Packs

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of abuse conditions, including realistic crash scenarios, on Li ion battery systems in E-vehicles in order to develop safe practices and priorities when responding to accidents involving E-vehicles.

Method: External fire tests using a single burning item equipment were performed on commercial Li ion battery cells and battery packs for electric vehicle (E-vehicle) application. The 2 most common battery cell technologies were tested: Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and mixed transition metal oxide (lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, NMC) cathodes against graphite anodes, respectively. The cell types investigated were “pouch” cells, with similar physical dimensions, but the NMC cells have double the electric capacity of the LFP cells due to the higher energy density of the NMC chemistry, 7 and 14 Ah, respectively.

Heat release rate (HRR) data and concentrations of toxic gases were acquired by oxygen consumption calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively.

Results: The test results indicate that the state of charge (SOC) affects the HRR as well as the amount of toxic hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas formed during combustion. A larger number of cells increases the amount of HF formed per cell. There are significant differences in response to the fire exposure between the NMC and LFP cells in this study. The LFP cells generate a lot more HF per cell, but the overall reactivity of the NMC cells is higher. However, the total energy released by both batteries during combustion was independent of SOC, which indicates that the electric energy content of the test object contributes to the activation energy of the thermal and heat release process, whereas the chemical energy stored in the materials is the main source of thermal energy in the batteries.

Conclusions: The results imply that it is difficult to draw conclusions about higher order system behavior with respect to HF emissions based on data from tests on single cells or small assemblies of cells. This applies to energy release rates as well. The present data show that mass and shielding effects between cells in multicell assemblies affect the propagation of a thermal event.     

磷石膏基保温砂浆的制备与性能研究

为了实现磷石膏的高附加值资源化利用,研究了CaO掺量、细度与砂浆性能之间的关系,利用预处理后的磷石膏,对磷石膏基保温砂浆进行配合比设计,分析胶凝材料组成、轻质骨料掺量、外加剂种类等因素对磷石膏基保温砂浆性能的影响规律,制备磷石膏基保温砂浆,并测试其性能.结果表明:通过在磷石膏中加入CaO及粉磨处理,可以提升磷石膏砂浆的强度,减少礴石膏中可溶性磷、氟对磷石膏砂浆的不良影响;磷石膏基保温砂浆的强度主要来源于磷石膏的硬化和水泥的水化;制备的磷石膏基保温砂浆的抗折强度达到2.1 MPa,抗压强度达到6.5 MPa,导热系数达到0.073 W/(m· K),满足保温砂浆的使用要求.