高等微生物活性测定方法的实验研究

高等微生物在污水生物处理系统中发挥着重要作用.然而,目前尚无有效方法用于测定高等微生物的活性.本文探索通过加盐抑制高等微生物的方法测定其活性.分别对小型SBR硝化系统和中试BCFS系统中的泥样进行加盐抑制实验,以验证这一测定方法的有效性.结果显示,此方法可以有效地测定SBR硝化系统中高等微生物的活性,其值约为14%.但此方法却不能用于BCFS系统,原因是BCFS系统中的异养细菌会受到盐的影响加速胞内底物代谢,并最终导致泥样的总耗氧偏高.     

公共安全科技及其学科分类的九宫格模型

为促进公共安全科技及其学科的可持续发展,很有必要对其科技和学科进行科学分类。本文从科学学的视角,依据大交叉综合学科由学科科学、专业科学和应用科学上中下游三层次组成的理论,构建一个能够简洁表达公共安全科技及其学科分类的九宫格模型,该模型使庞大的公共安全科技及其学科有了相对明确的层次和类型,可以表征公共安全的主体科技及其学科、相邻科技及其学科和外延科技及其学科之间的关系,也可以推广应用到公共管理、公共卫生、应急等领域的科技及其学科的分类。研究结果表明,该模型具有普适性价值,可为未来公共安全科技及其学科的有序发展提供理论参考。     

基于Winkler模型的沿空留巷底板变形力学分析

沿空留巷顶板岩层垮落到底板时,会影响底板的受力和变形,进而导致底臌,底臌的产生将直接影响采煤工作开展。为了对巷道底板的变形机理进行研究,根据空留巷底板受力特点,将巷道底板视为弹性地基梁,建立顶板岩层垮落在巷道底板上的不均匀荷载作用下的Winkler弹性地基梁力学模型,通过对高阶微分方程求解,分析巷道底板任一处的挠度、转角、弯矩及剪力的分布规律,并结合内力分布规律对底板破坏机理进行分析。结合工程实践,提出了防止底板变形的措施,为类似工程的设计及施工提供参考。     

Practical Science Communication Strategies for Graduate Students

Development of skills in science communication is a well‐acknowledged gap in graduate training, but the constraints that accompany research (limited time, resources, and knowledge of opportunities) make it challenging to acquire these proficiencies. Furthermore, advisors and institutions may find it difficult to support graduate students adequately in these efforts. The result is fewer career and societal benefits because students have not learned to communicate research effectively beyond their scientific peers. To help overcome these hurdles, we developed a practical approach to incorporating broad science communication into any graduate‐school time line. The approach consists of a portfolio approach that organizes outreach activities along a time line of planned graduate studies. To help design the portfolio, we mapped available science communication tools according to 5 core skills essential to most scientific careers: writing, public speaking, leadership, project management, and teaching. This helps graduate students consider the diversity of communication tools based on their desired skills, time constraints, barriers to entry, target audiences, and personal and societal communication goals. By designing a portfolio with an advisor's input, guidance, and approval, graduate students can gauge how much outreach is appropriate given their other commitments to teaching, research, and classes. The student benefits from the advisors’ experience and mentorship, promotes the group's research, and establishes a track record of engagement. When graduate student participation in science communication is discussed, it is often recommended that institutions offer or require more training in communication, project management, and leadership. We suggest that graduate students can also adopt a do‐it‐yourself approach that includes determining students’ own outreach objectives and time constraints and communicating these with their advisor. By doing so we hope students will help create a new culture of science communication in graduate student education. Estrategias Prácticas para la Comunicación Científica para Estudiantes de Posgrado     

多媒体网络环境下高职设计类课程教学模式探讨简

高职生源具有自我管理能力差、学习情绪化、形象思维能力强等特点,高职教师由此存在倦怠情绪。高职设计类课程现有教学模式存在讲练分开、缺乏专业特色和重理论轻实践等方面的不足。以多媒体网络技术为基础,采用仿真实践教学、自主学习和混合式教学模式是实现高职设计类课程教学目标的有效途径。     

深化课程改革突破高职数学教学的困境

针对目前高职数学教学面临的生源质量下降、课时大量缩减的现象,要树立全新的高职教育理念,深刻认识数学课程在高职教育中的地位和作用,准确把握高职教育中数学课程的教学目标,重新构建高职教育中的数学课程体系,深化高职数学课程的改革,突破高职数学所面临的教学困境。     

高职环保类专业职业技能培养课程体系开发

课程体系是高职专业办出特色、持续发展的载体。针对高职环保类专业人才培养存在课程体系不合理、实践教学薄弱、职业技能培养方法陈旧等问题，以职业岗位需求为基础，以职业技能培养为主线，构建了以实际污染治理项目为载体的高职环保类专业职业课程体系和职业核心课程。通过职业核心课程建设、双师型师资队伍建设、校内外实训基地建设等措施实现职业技能的培养。     

如何提高高校教师的课堂管理能力

教师课堂管理水平的高低直接决定着课堂教学的效果和成败.因而最大限度地调动学生课堂学习的自主性,有效地维持学生的适宜行为,保持良好的课堂秩序,科学的组织教学内容,创造良好的教学环境,并且不断提高教师的自身素质.从而达到促进教学改革,提高教学质量的目的.