关于高职园林专业职业素质培养的几点思考

高职园林专业职业素质培养中存在认识不足、形式落后、评价体系不科学等问题，应该通过明确认识，使教学内容多样化，增强师资力量，提高评价体系的科学性等来对园林专业及高职院校相关专业进行教学改革。     

高阶振型在山地掉层结构中的影响研究

设置不同掉层层数、掉层跨数和坎上楼层层数的模型,对比分析各模型在不同振型数下结构响应值的误差,根据分析结果来验证常用振型数量控制方法的适用性和差异性。结果表明,高阶振型对山地结构中掉层部分的内力响应影响显著。不同的掉层结构布置对振型数的选择有重要影响,掉层层数的增加使层剪力误差超限的楼层位置从顶层转移到掉层部分,致使掉层部分对高阶振型更加敏感。伴随着掉层跨数的减少,最大层剪力误差及误差超限的楼层数均呈先增大后减小趋势,即存在最不利的掉层跨数比,此时各内力响应误差均最大。坎上楼层的增加会提高掉层部分的剪力误差值。相对于层剪力,层间位移更易于通过提高振型数来控制精度。振型位移控制法的精度较高,但会增加大量结构计算和分析成本。振型质量参与系数法仅在个别结构中的层间剪力误差较小,总体来说其控制效果较差。解决这一问题,还需进一步研究以便提出一种新的振型控制方法。     

Reviewing University Community Gardens for Sustainability: taking stock,comparisons with urban community gardens and mapping research opportunities

Community gardens (CGs) in university settings are faced with challenges associated with a transient and inexperienced population of student gardeners, but they also have the potential to have a lasting impact on the food behaviours of many young people. This paper undertakes a systematic critical review of literature about University Community Gardens for Sustainability (UCGS) in order to suggest directions of future research in the emerging field research about CGs within and outside of universities. The literature shows that UCGS have similar benefits to those identified in urban CG literature; but with greater emphasis on both the educational and environmental sustainability benefits, suggesting an under-used potential of CGs in these areas. We argue that a better understanding of the particular challenges and benefits of UCGS could improve outcomes of CGs in all settings. Therefore we recommend that future should explore: (1) participant transience in CGs, thereby helping sustainability projects with large volunteer bases learn to cope with challenges this poses in order to maximise the garden’s impacts; (2) whether/how participating in CGs can contribute to changes in attitudes/behaviours with regards to sustainability and be used as a tool for Education for Sustainability in and outside of university settings and (3) failed cases of CGs to genuinely understand factors that contribute to success. By addressing these areas we can improve our understanding of how community gardening can contribute to our communities, universities and environment, and can begin to make these potential contributions a reality.     

论高职院校的市场定位

现代职业教育迅速发展,要想职业教育在这种形式下良好发展,就需要把他自身的特色发挥出来,作好高职教育特色化,首当其冲的就是做好高职院校的市场定位.     

农业高等职业教育成本补偿问题研究

提升农业职业教育水平和提高农业职业院校办学效益,要本着收益原则与承受能力原则相结合、公平原则与效率原则相结合、确实原则与透明度原则相结合.在对农业高等职业教育成本补偿的现状进行了较为充分的分析研究后,建议通过合理确定学费补偿标准、增加国家财政负担份额、利用贷款制、发展教育储蓄、实行订单式培养、积极拓展经费来源等途径来完善农业高等职业教育成本补偿.     

国际高等职业教育的比较研究

本文分析了高等职业教育产生的背景，从办学定位、办学方式、培养目标、课程开发、培养途径、师资队伍、经费保障、法律保障等方面，比较研究了发达国家或地区的高等职业教育，最后提出了发展我国高等职业教育的若干建议。     

Developing a Monitoring Program for Invertebrates: Guidelines and a Case Study

Abstract:  Invertebrates provide the majority of ecosystem services; thus, it is important that they be inventoried, monitored, and protected. Nevertheless, inventories, monitoring, and management generally focus on vertebrates and flowering plants. Consequently, there are few guidelines or case studies for invertebrates. We present a procedure for developing a monitoring program for species-rich invertebrates that entails (1) characterizing the community; (2) identifying surrogates for biodiversity; and (3) establishing efficient methods to monitor surrogates and any ecologically important or sensitive taxa. We used these procedures, biodiversity-based statistical advances, and a survey of arthropods to develop a monitoring plan for the forests of Shenandoah National Park, Virginia (U.S.A.). Our case study revealed that mixed hardwood and hemlock forests had significantly different compositions of arthropods in their soil and understory strata. Of the 10 orders tested Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were the only two to pass most of the five surrogate tests, and their combination improved predictions of overall arthropod diversity. Because arthropods represent the majority of macroscopic species in most ecosystems, the ability of this assemblage to predict overall arthropod diversity makes it a powerful surrogate. Of the 11 collecting methods used, the beat-sheet method was the most efficient for monitoring this surrogate assemblage. To complement this coarse-filter approach to monitoring at-risk, invasive, or other important taxa (fine filter), we used ordination analyses to match 66 taxa with the methods that most effectively sampled them. Our methods serve as a model for developing an invertebrate monitoring plan and should facilitate linking such monitoring with ecosystem functions and management.     

中美高等环境类专业设置比较研究

对美国高等环境类专业设置现状进行了初步调查和统计分析，并与我国高等环境类专业设置状况进行比较研究．研究表明，高等环境类专业设置存在一定的差异性，而且显示出美国高等环境类专业设置具有某些明显特点，主要表现在：专业设置种类数量多、面广且多元化；人文社会科学型专业的比例较大；设置了培养环境教育师资人才的专业；环境健康领域在专业设置中得到了高度重视；“综合型”人才培养目标在专业设置中更为突出．这些特点可以为我国高等环境类专业设置的改革和调整以及高等环境教育发展决策提供参考依据．     

喀喇昆仑-昆仑山脉北侧的深部构造

本文就和田地震台所接受的5张深源远震体波观测图波形的理论计算拟合讨论塔里木盆地的西南边缘、昆仑山脉北麓的深部地壳结构,在30km以下存在一高速夹层,地壳厚度约53km左右,由于透射地震射线来自不同方向,显示了速度结构的小差异,表明存在横向的变化。     

高职高专英语教学方法的探讨

随着高职高专院校的增多以及规模的迅速发展，如何将高职高专的学生培养成实用型人才成为我们面临的一项艰巨的任务。在英语教学中，我们应一改以往传统的教学方法，注重学生听、说、读、写、译及表达能力的训练，使学生真正做到学以致用。本文就在教学中如何实施这些环节作了简要阐述。