PAN dust explosion inhibition mechanisms of NaHCO3 and Al(OH)3

We investigate the PAN dust explosion inhibition behaviors of NaHCO₃ and Al(OH)₃ in a 20 L spherical explosion system and a transparent pipe explosion propagation test system. The results show that, in the standard 20 L spherical explosion system, the highest PAN dust explosion concentration is 500 g/m³, the maximum explosion pressure is 0.661 MPa, and the maximum explosion pressure increase rate is 31.64 MPa/s; adding 50% NaHCO₃ and 60% Al(OH)₃ can totally inhibit PAN dust explosion. In the DN0.15 m transparent pipe explosion propagation test system, for 500 g/m³ PAN dust, the initial explosion flame velocity is 102 m/s, the initial pressure is 0.46 MPa, and the initial temperature is 967 °C; adding 60% NaHCO₃ and 70% Al(OH)₃ can totally inhibit PAN dust explosion flames. Through FTIR and TG analyses, we obtain the explosion products and pyrolysis patterns of the explosion products of PAN dust, NaHCO₃, and Al(OH)₃. On this basis, we also summarize the PAN dust explosion inhibition mechanisms of NaHCO₃ and Al(OH)₃.     

领导风格与员工安全行为关系的元分析*

为更好地比较不同领导风格对员工安全行为的影响,采用元分析方法,基于34篇独立实证研究的15 032个样本,对常见的领导风格与员工安全行为关系进行定量分析。结果表明:对于安全遵守,相关系数从低到高分别为伦理型领导、变革型领导、领导-成员交换以及交易型领导;对于安全参与,相关系数从低到高分别为伦理型领导、变革型领导、交易型领导、领导-成员交换;年龄、经济发展水平、行业以及研究设计调节了领导风格与员工安全行为之间的关系。     

种族鱼群优化支持向量机序列理论监测尾矿坝

为监测预警尾矿坝的变形位移,提出基于结构风险最小化理论的支持向量机进行学习预测。通过采集有效数据,对时间序列数据进行归一化序列处理,然后采取种族鱼群选择向量机参数,对处理后的数据进行支持向量机回归预测。将该理论应用到某尾矿坝监测系统,得到了较为准确的预测结果,表明该理论充分利用了数据的统计特性,精度和泛化能力都得到了明显提高,可作为尾矿坝监测系统的有效指导。     

行为实验视角下煤矿员工不安全行为路径分析

面对煤矿事故频发现状,立足矿井安全实际生产困难,深入探索矿工不安全行为影响因素。研究表明,煤矿安全事故中,员工不安全行为是导致事故发生的主要原因。通过建立实验平台模拟煤矿员工工作现场,比较不同文化程度的矿工不安全行为发生率以及安全文化教育后矿工不安全行为发生率趋势。对比发现,文化程度越高的员工的不安全行为发生次数不一定越低,且安全文化教育的刺激作用具有保质期。     

胶合竹材单面受火炭化及温度场试验研究

格鲁班(Glubam)胶合竹材作为一种新型建筑材料,研究其耐火性能并与木材进行比较,对胶合竹材单板及杉木单板分别进行了恒温及ISO 834标准升温条件下的单面受火试验,测得了其炭化速率及不同受火条件下试件内部的温度-时间变化曲线。结果表明,胶合竹材的炭化速率低于杉木,其炭化规律与木材相似,即在受火初期炭化层厚度增加较快,炭化速率较大,随时间延长炭化速率逐渐降低,且受火温度越高,材料的炭化速率越大,同时试验测得在标准火灾条件下,胶合竹材受火20 min的平均炭化速率为0.64 mm/min。此外,通过温度场数据的分析比较发现,胶合竹材的传热速率明显低于杉木,其具有优于杉木的隔热性能,且能够满足相关规范对建筑构件隔热性能的要求。     

Multibody model of the human upper extremity for fracture simulation

About 3.8 million people are injured in accidents at work in Europe every year. The resulting high costs are incurred by the victims themselves, their families, employers and society. We have used a numerical simulation to reconstruct accidents at work for several years. To reconstruct these accidents MADYMO R7.5 with a numerical human model (pedestrian model) is used. However, this model is dedicated to the analysis of car-to-pedestrian accidents and thus cannot be fully used for reconstructing accidents at work. Therefore, we started working on the development of a numerical model of the human body for the purpose of simulating accidents at work. Developing a new numerical model which gives an opportunity to simulate fractures of the upper extremity bones is a stage of that work.     

You think you are big fish in a small pond? Perceived overqualification,goal orientations,and proactivity at work

Overqualification denotes situations in which job incumbents have higher qualifications than those required for the job. Drawing on the self‐regulatory perspective, we proposed that employees' perception of overqualification positively affects their proactive behavior through the mechanism of role‐breadth self‐efficacy and that this indirect effect is moderated by employees' goal orientations. We tested our hypotheses through two studies. In Study 1, we found that perceived overqualification had a positive indirect effect on employees' proactive behavior through role‐breadth self‐efficacy using a sample of 323 salespeople with a cross‐lagged panel design. In Study 2, the multi‐wave and multi‐source data from 302 teachers confirmed the indirect effect and indicated that performance goal orientation and learning goal orientation moderated the indirect relationship. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大连市夏季人体舒适度评价研究

以大连市1984年－2013年逐年7、8月的日平均温度、相对湿度及平均风速等气象数据为基础,基于模糊综合评价法,对大连市夏季人体舒适度现状进行分析与评价,得到结论如下：用模糊综合评判大连市气候舒适度最适合的评判标准为气温22℃、相对湿度70％和风速2 m／s;大连市总体气候舒适状况良好,夏季相对最舒适的时间段为第6旬（8月20日～8月31日）,最不舒适的时间段为第4旬（8月1日～8月10日）;由于大连市夏季经常伴有雷阵雨甚至暴雨天气以及湿度大等原因,使得炎热气温所造成的不舒适的天气状况常能得到改善,因此大连市夏季舒适程度所占比例较大。     

包头市企业环境行为信用评价指标体系研究

企业环境行为信用评价是一种符合国情的先进的环境管理手段,是对当前环境管理制度的重要补充和完善.为了强化政府对污染源的监管,提升环保部门的环境监管力度和水平,督促企业持续改进环境行为,文章对不同尺度的指标体系进行了分析对比,结合包头市实际情况,构建了包含污染防治、环境管理、社会影响和组织管理四部分共二十五项指标的包头市企业环境行为信用评价指标体系,以期对环境管理起到检查和促进作用、前瞻和导向功能.     

力学载荷条件下 EB-PVD 热障涂层损伤行为研究

目的研究力学载荷条件下EB-PVD热障涂层的损伤行为。方法采用电子束物理气相沉积工艺(EB-PVD)制备热障涂层(TBCs),利用SEM和体式显微镜对力学性能试验后带涂层试样的断口特征、裂纹形貌和金相组织进行观察,分析热障涂层在拉伸、持久和旋转弯曲疲劳等典型力学载荷条件下的损伤行为。结果在室温拉伸条件下,陶瓷层内先出现垂直于应力轴、沿柱状晶簇扩展的平行环状周向微裂纹,随着拉伸塑变量的增加,局部区域裂纹贯穿粘结层并进入合金基体;900℃高温拉伸条件下裂纹也产生于陶瓷层,但裂纹均钝化于粘结层与陶瓷层的界面,并穿透粘结层。在持久条件下,试样在弹性变形阶段涂层即发生开裂,随后沿着陶瓷层柱状晶簇间扩展,但未扩展至粘结层;在高温高周疲劳条件下,裂纹首先出现在粘结层,随后向基体逐渐扩展,扩展深度较浅,而基体疲劳裂纹在粘结层裂纹末端萌生并倾斜滑移扩展。结论提高粘结层韧性、减少粘结层中裂纹萌生和向基体扩展,是热障涂层材料和工艺优化的有效途径。