生活垃圾焚烧烟气中重金属排放水平及影响因素分析

通过对浙江省生活垃圾焚烧炉排放烟气中重金属的监测,分析生活垃圾焚烧烟气中重金属排放水平。结果表明,汞及其化合物的检出率最高,为95.7%,其次为铬和锰,检出率均为60%,且在不同的焚烧炉中重金属排放浓度差异较大,检出率最低的为铊和镉,且排放浓度均较低;焚烧炉排放烟气中汞及其化合物、镉+铊及其化合物、锑+砷+铅+铬+钴+铜+锰+镍及其化合物排放浓度均低于国标排放限值,最大占标率分别为76%、4%、21.9%。焚烧烟气中的重金属含量与焚烧垃圾中的重金属含量有关,烟气通过废气处理设施,可有效地减少重金属等污染物的排放。     

污泥焚烧残渣制备水处理药剂研究

利用污泥焚烧残渣制备水处理药剂,这方面还未见报道.某市污水处理厂污泥焚烧残渣是以Fe2O3和CaSO4为主的无机矿物质,选用以盐酸为主、硫酸为辅的混酸体系(H 摩尔浓度在7 moL/L以上,每千克残渣用H 为21～25 mol,浓硫酸与浓盐酸体积比是7%～13%).研究结果表明,在反应温度为110～120℃、反应时间在2.5 h、液固比大于2.0 mL/g的情况下,1 kg污泥焚烧残渣能制备得到酸度较小、含铁量略大于28 g/L的水处理药剂10 L,该药剂能应用于该市污水处理厂的生化处理出水.     

低污染、低腐蚀、高效固体有机废物焚烧技术

通过分析固体有机废物与煤的燃料特性的不同及其对燃烧的影响 ,从工艺控制 ,温度控制 ,停留时间选择 ,送风控制 ,添加剂以及烟气循环使用等方面探讨低污染、低腐蚀、高效固体有机废物的焚烧技术。     

Assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran emissions from a hazardous waste incineration plant using long-term sampling equipment

The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of a continuous monitoring system for the analysis of the mass concentration of PCDD/Fs from stationary sources. Data was acquired from a modern, state of the art, hazardous waste thermal treatment plant for a period of more than 2 years using a commercial available continuous monitoring system. The study consisted of a total of 16 samples, collected in periods from 1 week to 2 months resulting in an average of 360 m³ sampled flue gas per sample. The study showed the system was able to confirm that for a period of more than 2 years the plant was complying with the limit of 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm³. In addition, the data showed the typical fingerprint of such installations which is useful for example in impact studies. Long-term samples were compared to five short-term samples (6 h) collected every 6 months during the study period. Principal component analysis was applied to PCDD/Fs obtained data as useful statistical tool to find out trends and similarities between different samples. Improvement in terms of representativeness of data was achieved through continuous assessment since the starts of the project. The obtained data was further used to determine the emission factor for this activity and the total annual PCDD/Fs release to the atmosphere.     

RRS干化＋热解焚烧污泥处理方案

如何方便快捷地处置生活污水处理和其它工业污水处理后的衍生物——污泥,已经受到越来越多的关注。本文中介绍的“RRS干化＋热解焚烧污泥处理方案”在社会效益和经济效益方面都具有先进性,是适应当前国情的实用技术。     

Continuous CO2 capture and MSWI fly ash stabilization, utilizing novel dynamic equipment

Novel dynamic equipment with gas in and out continuously was developed to study the capture capacity of CO₂. Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash has a high capture rate of CO₂ in CO₂-rich gas. Fly ash can sequester pure CO₂ rapidly, and its capacity is 16.3 g CO₂/100 g fly ash with no water added and 21.4 g CO₂/100 g fly ash with 20% water added. For simulated incineration gas containing 12% CO₂, the capture rate decreased and the capacity was 13.2 g CO₂/100 g fly ash with no water added and 18.5 g CO₂/100 g fly ash with 20% water added. After accelerated carbonation, the C and O contents increased, indicating CO₂ capture in the fly ash; CO₂ combines with Ca(OH)₂ to form CaCO₃, which increased the CaCO₃ content from 12.5 to 54.3%. The leaching of Pb markedly decreased from 24.48 to 0.111 mg/L.     

垃圾焚烧炉干燥段通风阻力特性实验研究

倾斜往复式炉排是我国城市生活垃圾焚烧炉中经常采用的炉排形式之一。垃圾在炉排干燥段的干燥效果直接影响到其着火和燃烧,因此炉排下侧送出的一次风在垃圾层中的流通性显得尤其重要。本研究通过搭建冷态试验台,以Steinmuller炉排为例,测量了炉排和不同厚度的垃圾层在不同一次风流量下的阻力,并研究了炉排和垃圾层的通风阻力特性,为今后更好地组织和控制高水份垃圾在炉内的干燥预热和着火燃烧提供了设计依据。     

Effect of incineration on the removal of key offensive odorants released from a landfill leachate treatment station (LLTS)

As a basic means to control odorants released from a landfill leachate treatment station (LLTS), effluents venting from this station were treated via incineration with methane rich landfill gas (at 750 °C). A list of the key offensive odorants covering 22 chemicals was measured by collecting those gas samples both before and after the treatment. Upon incineration, the concentration levels of most odorants decreased drastically below threshold levels. The sum of odorant intensities (SOIs), if compared between before and after incineration, decreased from 6.94 (intolerable level) to 3.45 (distinct level). The results indicate that the thermal incineration method can be used as a highly efficient tool to remove most common odorants (e.g., reduced sulfur species), while it is not so for certain volatile species (e.g., carbonyls, fatty acids, etc.).     

EGSB反应器处理城市生活垃圾沥滤液

采用膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器对城市生活垃圾焚烧厂产生的垃圾沥滤液进行处理。实验结果表明:中温条件下,当COD浓度为55 000 mg/L左右,有机容积负荷(OLR)为22.8 kg COD/(m3.d)时,EGSB对垃圾沥滤液具有较好的的处理效果,COD去除率可达94.2%。当进水COD为72 000 mg/L左右时,为保证反应器的稳定运行,OLR应降低至18.2 kg COD/(m3.d),此时COD去除率可以达到88%左右,出水COD平均为9 103 mg/L。垃圾沥滤液和EGSB处理出水均以小分子量有机物为主,其中<4 kDa的有机物分别占76.5%和74.4%。EGSB对整个分子量区间的溶解性有机物都有较好的处理效果,其中对大分子有机物的处理效率相对更高。     

污水处理厂污泥干化焚烧处理可行性分析

以绍兴污水处理厂脱水污泥为研究对象,通过实验分析了污泥进行干化焚烧处理的可行性。对污泥泥质进行分析,采用桨叶式污泥干化机对污泥的热干化特性、干化过程污染排放特性进行研究,使用流化床污泥焚烧试验装置对污泥焚烧工况及焚烧过程中污染物的排放特征进行研究,结果表明,绍兴污水处理厂脱水污泥的泥质特征与大多数污水污泥类似,灰分较高、发热量较低,需干化后才可实现稳定燃烧;污泥在小型桨叶式污泥干化机内的干化速率最高达到0.6kg/(m2·min),并随污泥干化的进行而逐渐降低;干化过程产生的常规污染气体中氨气浓度最高,可达170 mg/Nm3;污泥干化冷凝水的COD高达820 mg/L,氨氮等指标也很高。污泥干化系统的设计需充分考虑污泥热干化过程中气体和液体污染物的排放,设置相应的处理设施。污泥干化至含水率30%时,可在不投加辅助燃料的情况下实现流化床焚烧炉内的焚烧处理,干化污泥焚烧时需关注烟气中常规污染气体和重金属的控制,焚烧灰渣浸出毒性未超过国标限值。