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71.
丹东生态环境监测业务系统是用于生态环境监测日常业务观测,编制各类观测报文及数据上网传输的实用型业务系统。系统采取多窗157结构框架,合理布局功能窗口界面,兼容了地面气象观测数据文件格式,统一数据检查标准,观测数据处理更为准确有效。并以VB6.0可视化语言为开发工具适应不用版本Windows操作系统。基于生态环境监测数据统计、数据分析和数据发布为一体的多功能业务应用软件。 相似文献
72.
信息技术的突飞猛进和互联网的迅速扩张,为生物多样性信息的收集、存储、提交、检索、分析、传播和使用带来了革命性的发展。生物多样性数据和信息服务的内容逐步从单一的名录数据库建设转向为多学科交叉的综合信息服务平台。本文结合国家生物多样性保护专项,在介绍国内外主流生物多样性信息平台建设现状的基础上,分析了我国现有平台存在的问题,并对下一步如何完善和推进平台应用进行探讨。 相似文献
73.
于丽萍 《安全.健康和环境》2014,14(1):21-23,33
介绍了一种基于海洋移动式平台应用的安全信息预警与保护装置的研制,实现具有移动式平台海上安全信息采集、记录、预警、保护及再现等功能。 相似文献
74.
太湖流域水环境监测数据来源广泛,涉及部门众多。数据资源目录体系建设是实现数据有序组织、满足信息共享需求的有效途径。通过分析太湖流域水环境监测数据资源管理和利用现状、存在问题,指出建设流域水环境监测数据资源目录体系的必要性。构建了流域水环境监测数据资源目录体系总体架构,实现数据资源的编目、注册、目录管理与目录服务。在此基础上,建设了流域水环境监测数据交换与共享平台原型,为实现流域水环境监测数据交换与共享提供技术支撑。 相似文献
75.
Use of principal component analysis to profile temporal and spatial variations of chlorinated solvent concentration in groundwater 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This work aims at evaluating spatial distribution patterns of concentration variations for chlorinated solvents in groundwater, based on principal component analysis and geographic information system (GIS) tools. The study investigates long-time series of chlorinated solvent concentrations in groundwater measured for 18 contaminated industrial sites. The characterization of contaminant plumes and delineation of pollutant sources are essential for choosing appropriate monitoring and remediation strategies, as contaminated groundwaters are characterized by complex patterns of spatial and temporal concentration variability, with wide unpredictable fluctuations over time. The present work describes the results of a new exploratory statistical method called the Variability Index Method (VIM) applied to environmental data to assess the performance of using concentration variations as molecular tracers to reveal aquifer dynamics, industrial impacts, and point sources for contamination plumes. The application of this method provides a useful assessment of controls over contaminant concentration variations as well as support for remediation techniques. 相似文献
76.
A critical component of community-based disaster preparedness (CBDP) is a local resource database of suppliers providing physical, information and human resources for use in disaster response. Maintenance of such a database can become a collaborative responsibility among community-based non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and public and private community organisations. In addition to mobilising resources, this process raises awareness within the community and aids in assessing local knowledge and resources. This paper presents the results of a pilot study on implementing a community-based resource database through collaboration with local American Red Cross chapters and public and private community organisations. The design of the resource database is described. The resource database is accessible via the internet and offline using laptops and handheld Personal Digital Assistants. The study concludes that CBDP is strengthened through a combination of appropriate information technology and collaborative relationships between NGOs and community-based organisations. 相似文献
77.
基于现代信息技术的城市灾害应急管理系统 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
城市灾害应急管理系统是一项复杂的大系统工程。本文着重从应急管理过程中的应急资源调配、应急预案制定等方面阐述了现代信息技术在城市灾害应急管理中的应用与优势。认为应急管理信息系统的建立目的不是为了预测和估算,而应是当灾害发生时,对已造成的灾情局面做出快速的辅助决策支持。基于此,利用SuperMapObject5.0,Visual Basic6.0,SQL Server2000等现代信息技术软件,以辅助决策、资源快速查询以及生命线管网易损处调查为目的,本文建立了一个局部地区灾害应急管理信息系统。系统的数据库建立更突出了为应急管理服务所需的基础信息、空间数据、应急预案和应急资源等信息划分方式;结合已有的震害预测理论和方法,开发了供水系统和交通系统的震害预测模块,事先为灾害应急决策提供可能的震害信息。系统的开发过程进一步证明了GIS在城市灾害应急管理中有着直观显示、容易操作、辅助准确决策等优势。 相似文献
78.
Zhalong National Nature Reserve in the northeast of China is a large wetland and a habitat of hundreds species of fauna and
flora. The rare red-crowned crane is one kind of endangered birds in it. Recently, Zhalong wetland is shrinking and it encounters
many problems including occasional fires, bad water quality, human activities, etc. In order to find out a proper way to protect
and restore the wetland, this study, using a geographic information system, the global positioning system and remote sensing
techniques, analyses the spatial characteristics of the changes in marsh landscape pattern and examines the driving factors
for these changes. Data sources include 8 Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite images of Zhalong area in the period of 1986–2002
and the investigation information on site. Based on the analysis of changes of marsh area and annual precipitation during
the 16 years, it is found that there is a close correlation between annual precipitation and marsh area. It means that climate
is one of driving factors of marsh pattern changes. To understand influences of other kinds of land uses on marsh spatial
distribution in Zhalong wetland, this paper analyses the relationship between marsh and different kinds of land uses, such
as water surface, residential area, farmland, salina land and grass land, respectively. According to the patch analysis theory,
a fragmental index and a fractal dimension of the marsh are calculated with perimeter-area method. The results indicate that
the marsh pattern is affected by human activities significantly. In addition, the location alteration of marsh centroid point
over the 16 years is studied. The movement trace of marsh centroid point is concerned with different hydrological situation
in different areas of the wetland. In summary the characteristics of the marsh landscape pattern evolution during the 16 years
are affected by multiple driving factors. The main driving factors are climate, human activities, distribution of other kinds
of land uses and hydrological situation in different areas. 相似文献
79.
Information technologies and the sharing of disaster knowledge: the critical role of professional culture 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Marincioni F 《Disasters》2007,31(4):459-476
A comparative survey of a diverse sample of 96 US and Italian emergency management agencies shows that the diffusion of new information technologies (IT) has transformed disaster communications. Although these technologies permit access to and the dissemination of massive amounts of disaster information with unprecedented speed and efficiency, barriers rooted in the various professional cultures still hinder the sharing of disaster knowledge. To be effective the available IT must be attuned to the unique settings and professional cultures of the local emergency management communities. Findings show that available technology, context, professional culture and interaction are key factors that affect the knowledge transfer process. Cultural filters appear to influence emergency managers' perceptions of their own professional roles, their vision of the applicability of technology to social issues, and their perspective on the transferability of disaster knowledge. Four cultural approaches to the application of IT to disaster communications are defined: technocentric; geographic,; anthropocentric; and ecocentric. 相似文献
80.
战略环境评价系统及工作程序 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
介绍了战略环境评价系统组成的五个要素 ,即评价者、评价对象、评价目的、评价标准和评价方法 ,分析了其相互关系及各要素与战略环境评价系统的关系 ,并提出了战略环境评价工作程序。 相似文献