太湖夏季水体中尿素的来源探析

为研究尿素氮在太湖生态系统中的作用,于夏季采集湖体及环湖河道水样进行尿素及不同形态氮素含量分析.通过河道及湖体的82个调查点位生态指标的同步分析,得出以下结果:①太湖尿素氮含量变化范围为0.011~0.161 mg·L-1,总体呈现出西北高,东南低的变化趋势,与流域主要污染源分布有关;②太湖水体溶解性氮以无机氮库为主,铵硝比为5∶1,其中尿素氮占总氮、溶解性总氮、溶解性有机氮和生物可利用氮的平均质量分数分别为2.28%、5.91%、15.86%、6.22%,生态作用不容忽视;③环湖河道的尿素氮含量比湖体高出一倍,出湖河道尿素氮含量还略高于入湖河道;④太湖尿素氮与其他形式氮之间可能存在彼此转换关系,尿素氮含量与高锰酸盐指数、不同形态氮含量均呈显著正相关关系,与溶解氧呈显著负相关关系;湖体的尿素氮含量与叶绿素a含量呈弱正相关,与底栖生物、浮游动物种群的空间分布有密切联系.本研究表明太湖水体中尿素氮可能是湖体有机、无机态氮转化的桥梁,是湖体自身氮素循环快慢的标志,氮的循环速率控制尿素氮含量,高氮(特别是有机态氮)含量及低溶解氧条件是尿素升高的前提.太湖湖体尿素含量受外源输入和内源转化的双重影响.     

Balance the Paradox between Limited Health Resources and Growing Demands for Medical Services

Health institutions in the People＇s Republic of China are under considerable challenge. Innovations in management systems may support the challenge to increase both efficiency and effectiveness. The balanced scorecard （BSC） is one such innovation. We have used a model to explore the factors that may impact the diffusion of the BSC in Chinese government hospitals. In particular, we concentrate on three factors - the outer context, the nature of the innovation and the communication and influence. The outer context and the nature of the innovation do provide an inducement to implement a BSC. The strength of the communication and influence may affect the level of take-up. However, we recognise that they may choose ＂the BSC not for any apparent technical excellence but for the legitimation that Western management practices may bring to local managers.     

Deposition of Inorganic Particulate Aerosols to Vegetation - A New Method of Estimating

A new, direct method was developed for quantifying inorganic particulate aerosols trapped by the forest canopy, and for determining the resulting input of elements to a forest ecosystem. The method is based on direct measurements of only six parameters. Using this method, it is possible to determine the load of aerosols trapped by the forest canopy and deposited to leaves, as well as the load of aerosols falling to the forest floor by impaction on plants. It is also possible to estimate the aerosol input of soluble and insoluble elements to an ecosystem. With this new method it has been found that the load of aerosols trapped by the canopy of a mixed forest located in the Rybnik Coal Basin averaged 189.0 kg x ha-1 x growing season-1, or 39.3% of the total inorganic particles reaching the ecosystem. The trapped aerosols provided 13.4 kg x ha-1 of soluble nitrogen and 0.91 kg x ha-1 of insoluble nitrogen over the growing season. At the same time, the input of soluble nitrogen from the atmosphere with rainfall to an open area averaged 13.9 kg x ha-1, and the input of insoluble nitrogen with inorganic dusts averaged 1.4 kg x ha-1.     

颗粒态重金属通过河流与大气向海洋输送

本文综述了河流与大气向海洋输送颗态重金属的过程、特点及输送通量、参考文献８３篇。     

探索多媒体和网络技术在秘书写作教学中的运用

运用多媒体和网络技术进行秘书写作教学,其教改优势体现在以下几方面:教学手段新颖,加大了教学密度;优化了讲、写、评、阅等教学环节,师生对话得到进一步加强;使考试、评价、反馈系统的操作变得方便快捷,同时也有利于提高学生使用电脑综合处理文字的能力。     

现代科技发展与科技期刊编辑

阐述了现代科学技术的发展特征，分析了现代科技对科技期刊的影响以及科技期刊在国家科技创新体系中的地位和作用，指出科技期刊要主动适应科学技术发展趋势，科技期刊编辑要及时了解科技发展，培养和树立信息意识，掌握电子编辑手段与技能，早作“转岗”的培训，只有这样，才能适应时代对编辑工作的要求。     

从非典事件看政府的危机管理制度创新

传染性非典型肺炎一度在世界各地迅速蔓延,是对政府的危机管理制度一次前所未有的严峻考验。这次非典危机也暴露出了我国政府危机管理制度存在的缺陷。我们必须抓住这个契机,进行政府危机管理制度的创新,以不断提升政府的危机管理能力。     

浅析存款业务创新

从技术角度来探讨银行的存款业务创新，提出商业银行应该考虑经济发展情况、金融文化背景等因素，以满足客户的需求为目的来设计、组织存款要素，并在市场细分的基础上，提供差别化存款产品，按市场规律进行定价。     

曝气沉淀池的工艺改进及多点进水装置设计

针对吸气沉淀地处理炼油废水时存在的问题，采取了相应的改进措施，取得了满意的效果。对沿回流缝多点进水装置的工艺设计进行了详细论述。