环保国际履约中企业的资金机制分析

目前,中国参加了50多项涉及环境保护的国际条约,并积极履行这些条约规定的义务。履行这些国际条约需要中国企业的积极支持与参与,在此从中国签署的国际条约出发,分析中国企业所承担的责任和资金机制,为探讨中国POPs行动计划的企业投融资措施提供借鉴。     

MARPOL 73/78现况及实施问题

综述了近 3年来MARPOL 73/ 78的一系列的修正情况及有关实施问题     

国际标准差异对产品碳足迹核算的影响分析——以胶版印刷纸为例

产品碳足迹以碳标签的形式日益广泛地应用于产品供应链，通过影响企业和消费者行为而有效地促进全球碳减排.然而产品碳足迹核算标准种类繁多，不同标准对产品碳足迹的核算规定存在差异，致使其核算结果难于有效对比.本文以胶版印刷纸为例，对比分析了目前最权威的3个国际标准PAS2050、GHG Protocol和ISO14067，识别了三者对于8点产品碳足迹核算要素的不同规定，定量解析了标准差异对产品碳足迹核算的影响.结果表明，3个标准规定的差异可导致产品碳足迹核算结果产生较大的不确定性，GHG Protocol和ISO14067结果分别比PAS2050高61%和49%，其中，"碳存储、消费者交通、固定资产和延迟排放加权影响"4个方面的差异对案例产品碳足迹影响最为显著.因此，按照产品类别制定统一的核算要求是碳标签交流对比的基本前提，明晰的标准规定是降低核算结果不确定性的必要途径.     

从安全生产到安全政治的安全生产理念演化

通过回顾历史,系统总结了新中国成立60余年来,安全生产理念从安全生产,安全经济,安全发展到安全政治的演化过程,获得安全政治是安全生产理念的最高形式的结论,并分析了安全政治的保障系统。     

Analysing institutional change in environmental governance: exploring the concept of ‘institutional work’

Institutional work focuses on the role of actors in creating, maintaining, or disrupting institutional structures. The concept has its origin in organisational studies. In this paper, we rethink and redefine institutional work to make it fit for use in the multi-actor and multi-level context of environmental governance. We survey key approaches to institutional change in the literature, and argue that institutional work should have a central place within this theorising. Drawing on the insights from this literature, we argue that studying institutional work should involve a look at both the actions taken by actors, as well as the resulting effects. We identify a critical need for attention to the fundamentally political character of institutional work, the cumulative effects of action taken by multiple actors, and communicative and discursive dimensions. Overall, the concept of institutional work opens up new possibilities for unpacking the longstanding challenge of understanding institutional change in environmental governance.     

Energy Embodied in Goods in International Trade of China: Calculation and Policy Implications

In recent years, China’s energy demand and Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have grown very fast, quite an amount of which was exported as energy embodied in goods in international trade rather than consumed domestically. Starting from the concept of embodied energy, based on input-output energy analysis approach, in this paper the energy embodied in goods in international trade of China during the period from 2001 to 2006 is calculated. The results show that although China has become a net importer of petroleum since 1993, China is a net exporter of embodied energy due to international trade in goods. In 2002, the total amount of energy embodied in exported goods was about 410 million tce (ton of coal equivalent, hereinafter referred to as "tce"). Eliminating the amount of energy embodied in imported goods of about 170 million tce, the net export of embodied energy was about 240 million tce, accounting for 16% of the aggregate primary energy consumption of that very year in China, and the net export of embodied emissions was about 150 million tons of carbon. With the rapid growth of China’s international trade, assuming no structural input-output changes of among sectors, in 2006 the net export of embodied energy went up to about 630 million tce, an increase of 162 % over 2002. In addition, this paper also analyzes the possible sources of error in calculation, and also discusses the policy implications according to the result of the calculation.     

Lateral knowledge: shifting expertise for disaster management in Chile

Deemed as technocratic and exclusionary, disaster management has failed in its promise of knowing, let alone controlling, catastrophic events. Consequently, disaster managers are searching outside of science for sense‐making analytics. This paper analyses the emergent narratives articulated by disaster managers in Chile to cope with the uncertain nature of their object of intervention. It explores how knowledge of disasters is modified and enriched by disaster managers in what is termed here as ‘lateral knowledge’: the epistemic adjustment by which practitioners revalidate their expert status by expanding key assumptions about disaster risk reduction. The study, which draws on in‐depth interviews with disaster managers in Chile, suggests that lateral knowledge is established both through the increasing validation of community knowledge and the recognition of politics as a critical mediator in the practice of disaster management. The paper concludes by making the larger point that public understanding of science scholars should pay more attention to the adapting capacities of expertise.     

Establishing public accountability,speaking truth to power and inducing political will for disaster risk reduction: ‘Ocho Rios + 25’

The problem is that disaster risk reduction (DRR) is still more a zone of political darkness than of light. Therefore, the purpose of our contribution to this theme issue is to illuminate at least some of that zone of political darkness and to suggest a more proactive, but for many career professionals a personally problematic, way forward for DRR. The career problematic derives from the fact that the way forward would involve moving from applauding the emergence of elected and/or appointed champions (from mayors to cabinet ministers to presidents/prime ministers) for action to raising the political costs of inaction by leaders not otherwise disposed. The essential element of this way forward would be greatly enhanced public accountability. We will draw preliminary accountability lessons from the Haiti earthquake catastrophe and the Chile earthquake disaster 2010 events towards the conclusion of this paper as we outline a possible future paradigm.     

我国现代人地关系与资源环境基础

在经过了４０ 多年大规模建设,中国工业化发展面临着来自有限资源环境越来越大的压力。从协调人地关系紧张矛盾的角度出发,中国未来经济的发展不仅需要增加资金和科技投入,而且也需要提高资源投入的质量。欲达此目的,扩大资源的国际贸易,特别是石油、天然气的进口就变得十分重要     

我国石油企业全面推行HSE管理体系探讨

从HSE管理体系发展概况及其先进理念，国际石油公司实施HSE管理体系的成功经验等方面，阐述了在我国石油企业中推行HSE管理体系的必要性及目前的差距，并初步探讨了全面推行HSE管理体系，对降低各类事故的发生率，实现经济效益、社会和环境效益的协调发展，提升我国石油企业的国际竞争力所起到的重要作用。