Watershed protection and landscape enhancement by utilization of river water

A scheme for watershed protection and landscape enhaneement(WPLE) by utilization of fiver water was proposed to renovate water resources and protect ecological environment in Qiongshan City, Hainan Province, China. Utilization of fiver water may diminish the drought and flood risks. The scheme is benefieial to solve the problems of water resources shortage, groundwater declines and saltwater intrusion in the watershed. The object of the WPLE scheme is to aehieve a sustainable integrated development of environment, ecology, economy and society.A kind of physieally beautiful and funetionally vivid landscape may exert its synthetieal funetion on the diversity of landscape and the enjoyment of inhabitants. Feasibility of the scheme will be demonstrated by more exoeriments and tests, as well as observations in a long term.     

Natural and artificial landscape change in a Dutch estuary: partially monitored with low budget method (a study in the fourth dimension)

This study includes ome aspects of the shift in the Dutch attitude in relation to water during the past millennia from defense to attack to keeping the balance(“co-evolution“).It has a special focus on the freshwater tidal part,which embraces the largest of the world:Rotterdam ,as well as the largest national park of the Northerlands.It reports especially about a young mans endeavor in half a c century real time monitoring of some land (scape) units with simple means.     

Behavioral fragmentation of waterfowl habitat and its landscape ecological design in Shuangtai hekou Reserve, Liaoning, China

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紫外光度法测定地表水中油的改进

对紫外光度法测定水中油类时在标准油品、波长的选择以及氯化钠用量和石油醚纯度等方面存在的问题进行了探讨，提出以工作曲线代替标准曲线，使回收率达到９７％左右。     

Landscape planning and ecology construction of wetland comprehensive protected area system in the Sanjiang Plain

Wetland is one of the richest biodiversity areas in the earth. The main purpose of establishing wetland protected area is to protect biodiversity, and the protection of ecosystem diversity and landscape diversity is the key to protect biodiversity. In order to protect regional ecosystem and landscape, it is a good way to establish wetland comprehensive protected area which connected wetland nature reserves by habitat corridors. The Sanjiang Plain as a study area, its landscape evaluation index system on wetland protected area was studied, and some problems on landscape planning and ecology construction were further approached in this paper. It showed that establishing wetland comprehensive protected area is very important to protect regional wetlands, to maintain ecological balance,and to improve the sustainable development of agriculture and industry in this region.     

近20年渔子溪流域土地利用变化的环境影响

采用渔子溪流域1986、1994及2002年的遥感影像资料,对流域土地利用变化导致的生态系统服务价值及景观格局指数的变化进行了定量分析.结果表明,在1986～2002年间,流域土地利用变化导致其总体生态系统服务功能增加了0.42%,其中产品供给功能、生态调节功能、生命系统支持功能、文化娱乐功能的相对变化率分别为1.15%、0.36%、0.16%和-0.94%,它们对总体生态系统服务功能变化的贡献率分别为62.95%、46.82%、6.33%和-16.1%.从景观格局变化来看,渔子溪流域的斑块密度指数在1986-2002年间从0.0016减小到0.0013,而景观破碎度指数从0.00307增大到0.00474,表明渔子溪流域的景观粒度减小而景观破碎化的程度提高.研究结果还表明,流域不同土地利用类型景观破碎度的变化趋势并不一致,其中耕地、疏林地、高覆盖度草地、低覆盖度草地和居民建设用地的破碎度指数有所增加,而有林地、灌木林、中覆盖度草地和永久性冰雪覆盖的破碎度指数有所下降,这主要是由于一些零散分布的灌木林被开垦为耕地或转变为居民建设用地及气候变暖使得部分永久性冰雪覆盖转变为中覆盖度草地等原因造成的.     

农业流域“汇”型景观结构对径流调控及磷污染物截留作用的研究

选取天津于桥水库北岸桃花寺流域作为实验流域,进行了流域景观格局对生态水文及磷污染物迁移转化过程影响的野外实验研究.研究结果表明,流域中广泛分布于季节性河流附近的汇型景观结构(石坝、植草水道、植被过滤带、干塘、缓冲区等),通过滞留/缓冲功能,对地表径流的流速及流量具有双重调控作用,延长了养分物质在流域内部的滞留时间,对产生于不同源区的面源污染径流具有截留、吸纳、贮存作用,使径流中泥沙和磷素浓度逐渐得到降低,减少了养分对下游水体的负荷输出.多次降雨径流的监测结果表明,无论在大暴雨下的连续流事件还是在小雨下的间断流事件中,汇型景观结构均能表现出良好的养分持留功能.在2003年6月22日连续径流事件中,地表径流的流速可由系统入口处的37.2 cm·s-1降至系统出口处的11.1 cm·s-1,污染径流体积可削减50.2%,TSS、TP、TDP、DRP的持留率分别可达72.7%,69.3%,59.8%和57.9%.在间断径流事件中,污染径流全部为汇型景观结构所截留,泥沙和磷素的持留率更高.对21场降雨-径流事件的统计分析结果表明,干塘和植被过滤带是本实验流域控制污染物输出较为稳定的两种结构.     

校园绿地系统景观生态异质性分析与质量评价

针对南京大学浦口新校园的生态景观实际，依据景观生态异质性原理，对校园绿地系统做出了景观生态定量分析和质量评价，结果表明绿地斑块丰富度不足，景观多样性较差和绿地廊道密度不够是存在的主要生态环境问题，是导致新建校园生态质量不高的主要因子，为了有效解决这些生态问题，本文对南京大学校园绿地系统今后进行优化和改建，提出了建设性的意见和修改方案。     

干旱区生态系统耦合关系的特征分析

干旱区生态系统耦合关系的特征差异表现在水热状况、景观带谱、小气候效应以及人为活动等方面。在特定的区域上，经度、纬度、海拔以及下垫面的特征是决定系统耦合特征最为基本的要素；而自然地理要素的变化，则是区分和判定耦合关系及其类型的重要因素。依据自然地理学与景观生态学等学科的理论与方法，结合相关原则，对具有典型意义的MODS耦合关系——昆仑山一和田绿洲一塔克拉玛干沙漠系统，以及天山一阜康绿洲一古尔班通古特沙漠系统的耦合关系的特征进行了比较，并分析了MODS耦合关系的一般规律。     

中山市城市绿地系统的生物多样性特色及新的发展思路

中山市在城市绿地规划中利用丰富的生物多样性资源，遵循多样性保护与利用相结合的原则，创造出健康优美的城市生态环境；本文阐述了中山市城市绿地系统的生物多样性特色及新的发展思路，可为珠江三角洲地区其它城市的绿地系统规划提供参考和借鉴。