黄山风景名胜区生态安全现状分析

黄山风景区是我国乃至世界上宝贵的资源,保持景区自然体系的生态安全是黄山风景区可持续利用和发展的关键.本文采用周广胜、张新时建立的自然植被第一性生产力模型对黄山风景区的生态完整性维护现状进行量化分析,并结合景区内敏感资源的生态需求满足程度和环境容量状况,对黄山景区的生态安全现状进行评价.结果表明,黄山风景名胜区自然系统处于高亚稳定平衡状态,具有较强的抵抗外界不良干扰的能力和破损生境的修复能力,但要注意规范和控制人类活动的扰动,保护珍稀动物,优化水资源的利用.     

环境规划中环境资源有价理论的政策研究和实践

随着环境保护意识的加强和环境保护理论的不断拓展,环境资源有价的理念逐步深入到管理层面,环境资源有偿使用也逐步成为重要的环境管理手段。部分省份经过多年的实践探索,取得了积极成效,但也存在一些问题。为了使环境资源有价理论相关内容在环境保护"十三五"规划中更加完善,本文在环境资源有价理论的基础上,通过分析总结,探索适宜的可持续发展的一系列经济政策,并介绍其在山西省的实践应用,期望利用经济手段的调控作用,实现环境保护和经济可持续发展的目的。     

高速公路路域景观恢复工程设计初探

结合长沙市国道绕城高速公路路域内的景观恢复与绿化美化工程设计，讨论了高速公路景观设计的分类、绿化美化工程设计的内容与要求、长沙市国道绕城高速公路景观恢复工程设计的思路。     

广东省排污许可制的实践与思考

广东省是全国排污许可全覆盖任务最重的省份,其固定污染源数量居全国首位。本文系统梳理了广东省在排污许可管理实践中的经验做法,并在此基础上分析排污许可制度改革面临的问题,从"一证式"管理角度出发,提出进一步做好制度落实的思考与建议,为构建以排污许可制为核心的固定污染源监管体系提供参考和借鉴。     

一带一路背景下西部生态与绿色发展的改革与创新研究

西部地区资源开发、环境导向、经济发展等因素的制约下,西部地区的生态发展以及改革方案受到了严重的冲击,文中提出一带一路背景下西部生态与绿色发展的改革与创新方案.通过一带一路指示精神融合西部地区的特有生态水平,进行了综合分析,并根据实际的发展要求进行深入指导.对一带一路背景下西部生态与绿色发展的改革进行了详细的解读,把西部生态环境与绿色生态发展之间的矛盾进行分析,通过一带一路的思想和方针解决了现有改革中的矛盾.结合一带一路的实质路线对西部生态与绿色发展的创新进行了深入的探讨,基于"一带一路"战略带来各种促进的政策,确定了西部地区生态与绿色发展创新方向.     

涤纶高弹丝纤维球滤料过滤特性研究

采用自主研制的涤纶高弹丝纤维球滤料对景观水进行过滤试验,研究其过滤特性及相关因素对过滤性能的影响. 结果表明,在不投加任何絮凝剂,滤速为30 m/h,平均进水浊度为87.5 NTU时,纤维球滤料过滤周期达16.5 h左右,出水浊度维持在3～5 NTU.当PAFC投加量为12 mg/L,滤速为30～50 m/h,进水浊度为50～70 NTU时,过滤出水浊度可以维持在1 NTU以下,过滤周期达6 h以上,周期截污量为30～45 kg/m3. 采用气冲－气水联合反冲－水冲的反冲洗方式,当气冲强度为25 L/(s·m2),水冲强度为8 L/(s·m2)时,纤维球滤料积泥量约占滤料质量的4.53%.      

A practical dialogue protocol for sustainability science to contribute to regional resources management: its implementation in Réunion

Over the last decade, adaptive co‐management has been recommended as a policy framework to address complex and uncertain resources management issues. Implementing this theoretical management concept requires the integration of multidisciplinary research and local knowledge. Yet practical protocols to link science, policymaking and societies have yet to be developed. We designed a protocol to produce legitimate, credible and relevant solutions to a regional resources management issue. This is a two‐component protocol. A stakeholder grid categorizes stakeholder representatives in three distinct specialized dialogue arenas: institution representatives, technical experts and local end‐users. An iterative co‐design process then builds on these arenas to assess the institutional legitimacy, technical credibility and empirical relevance dimensions of a common solution initiated by an initial plausible promise. We tested this framework in Réunion to address organic waste management issues at the regional level. The plausible solution explored was the introduction of a recycling industry involved in collecting organic waste and producing and selling organic fertilizers tailored for local crop systems. The protocol application outcomes were consolidated and documented scenarios accepted by all, with knowledge exchange and the broad spread of a stabilized expectation contributing to private initiatives and public policy change.     

Differing Modes of Biotic Connectivity within Freshwater Ecosystem Mosaics

We describe a collection of aquatic and wetland habitats in an inland landscape, and their occurrence within a terrestrial matrix, as a “freshwater ecosystem mosaic” (FEM). Aquatic and wetland habitats in any FEM can vary widely, from permanently ponded lakes, to ephemerally ponded wetlands, to groundwater‐fed springs, to flowing rivers and streams. The terrestrial matrix can also vary, including in its influence on flows of energy, materials, and organisms among ecosystems. Biota occurring in a specific region are adapted to the unique opportunities and challenges presented by spatial and temporal patterns of habitat types inherent to each FEM. To persist in any given landscape, most species move to recolonize habitats and maintain mixtures of genetic materials. Species also connect habitats through time if they possess needed morphological, physiological, or behavioral traits to persist in a habitat through periods of unfavorable environmental conditions. By examining key spatial and temporal patterns underlying FEMs, and species‐specific adaptations to these patterns, a better understanding of the structural and functional connectivity of a landscape can be obtained. Fully including aquatic, wetland, and terrestrial habitats in FEMs facilitates adoption of the next generation of individual‐based models that integrate the principles of population, community, and ecosystem ecology.     

Adaptive Management and Climate Change Adaptation: Two Mutually Beneficial Areas of Practice

Adaptive management (AM) is a rigorous approach to implementing, monitoring, and evaluating actions, so as to learn and adjust those actions. Existing AM projects are at risk from climate change, and current AM guidance does not provide adequate methods to deal with this risk. Climate change adaptation (CCA) is an approach to plan and implement actions to reduce risks from climate variability and climate change, and to exploit beneficial opportunities. AM projects could be made more resilient to extreme climate events by applying the principles and procedures of CCA. To test this idea, we analyze the effects of extreme climatic events on five existing AM projects focused on ecosystem restoration and species recovery, in the Russian, Trinity, Okanagan, Platte, and Missouri River Basins. We examine these five case studies together to generate insights on how integrating CCA principles and practices into their design and implementation could improve their sustainability, despite significant technical and institutional challenges, particularly at larger scales. Although climate change brings substantial risks to AM projects, it may also provide opportunities, including creating new habitats, increasing the ability to quickly test flow‐habitat hypotheses, stimulating improvements in watershed management and water conservation, expanding the use of real‐time tools for flow management, and catalyzing creative application of CCA principles and procedures.     

协同论、城市生态学及苏州河综合整治

从协同论和城市生态学的角度，对苏州河综合整治的定义、目的、方式进行了阐述了探讨。