浅论生态环境立法的整合

我国生态环境立法一直受到非理性思路的影响,不同程度地存在着诸如体系不完善、法律规定操作性不强、法律条文之间相互冲突等问题.因此要注重环境法与自然资源法之间的融合及生态环境立法的现实性,消除现行生态环境立法中的法律规定互相矛盾冲突的现象.     

我国湿地保护法律的空缺分析与立法建议

法律法规是湿地保护管理制度的基础。我国尚无湿地保护专门性法律,但是针对湿地中的多个要素已经制定了相关法律法规,这些法律法规能否满足湿地保护的需要是湿地保护立法中的关键问题。本文针对湿地保护的法律需求,系统分析了现行法律法规的满足情况和空缺情况,并提出湿地保护立法的建议。分析结果表明：在13个方面的法律需求中,现行法律满足程度为“基本满足”的有3个方面,即湿地野生动物保护管理、湿地野生植物保护管理、外来物种管理;满足程度为“部分满足”的有4个方面,即湿地土地资源管理、湿地水资源管理、湿地水污染管理、湿地渔业资源管理;而满足程度为“难以满足”的有6个方面,即湿地范围界定、湿地保护目标与规划、湿地保护生态补偿、湿地修复、基础管理、体制机制。最后建议我国湿地保护立法应基于政府视角而非仅仅部门视角,对于不同满足程度的方面采取不同的立法策略,并重点构建保护管理体制机制。     

Understanding American and Korean Students’ Support for Pro-environmental Tax Policy: The Application of the Value–Belief–Norm Theory of Environmentalism

By using the value–belief–norm theory of environmentalism, this study investigates American and Korean college students’ support for pro-environmental tax policy as a way to address global climate change. The results indicate that environmental concern and the perceived severity of climate change were significant predictors of one's tax policy support. Perceived individual responsibility for addressing climate change mediated the relationship between environmental beliefs (i.e. environmental concern and perceived severity) and tax policy support for Koreans. Such relationship was not observed among Americans. This study also examines whether political ideology functions as a predictor of tax policy support. For Americans, political ideology was a significant factor in predicting one's tax policy support and that it remained significant even after the inclusion of more proximal predictors—environmental concern and perceived severity. For Koreans, however, political ideology was not a significant factor. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

医疗废物管理对环境影响的初探

医疗废物的传染性可能对人类和环境造成不良影响,因此医疗废物管理是非常重要的.首先概述了医疗废物处理在各国的立法情况,以及医疗废物的收集和分类情况,进一步讨论了焚烧和高压釜处理医疗废物方法的优缺点,焚烧会造成二恶英、呋喃和汞排放,造成不利的健康和环境影响,而高压釜处理不能处理所有类型的医疗废物.控制医疗废物的最佳手段是减少产生量,可以通过对医护人员进行良好的培训以及实施标准化医疗废物分类和收集来实现,并研究改进传染性医疗废物处理方法.     

我国的环境立法

本文对我国环境立法的产生与发展，目的与功能，法律体系及其制定、实施，面临的挑战与发展趋势进行了全面的阐违。     

美国“棕色区域”的治理法律介评

“棕色区域”问题是经济发展到一定阶段带来的环境问题。一些国家逐渐开始应对。棕色区域问题涉及到各种因素，如法律，税收，财产权，土地开发等多种因素，所以是一个复杂的，较难解决的问题。以起步较早的美国为例，以联邦立法为重心，论述了美国在“棕色区域”治理中的政策和法律制度，并对其进行了简要的评述。以期对这个问题有清醒的认识。棕色区域问题实质上是土壤污染的治理问题，这对中国缺位的土壤污染立法有重大的借鉴意义。     

A summary of environmental legislation targeting disposable diapers and review of related literature

In recent years state and local governments, as well as private citizens, have become very concerned about the mounting solid waste disposal problem facing our nation. Special concern has been expressed over the presence of disposable diapers in the solid waste stream. Responding to the concerns, legislators in at least 25 states proposed actions regarding disposable diapers between 1990 and 1992. Several factors contributed to the number of legislative proposals regarding disposable diapers over the past few years. First was the public's and legislators' misconception about the contribution of disposable diapers to the solid waste stream. Second was an erroneous assumption held by the public and some legislators that biodegradation readily occurs in landfills. Third was the desire to increase demand for agricultural products by requiring the use of degradable products. These contributing factors and other issues surrounding the proposal and passage of environmental legislation pertaining to disposable diapers are presented in this paper and the relevant literature is summarized. To provide the necessary context, the paper contains a review of the literature concerning disposable diapers, their composition and usage; and their environmental impact and fate and a comparison of their performance and cost to those of cloth diapers.     

试论加强城乡结合部的环境保护

随着我国城市化进程的不断加快 ,城乡结合部经济、社会飞速发展。在发展过程中 ,城乡结合部环境污染和资源破坏问题日益突出 ,为此 ,必须完善城乡结合部环境保护立法和执法 ,切实做好环境规划工作 ,实现环境保护与经济、社会的协调发展。     

德国《循环经济和废物处置法》对中国相关立法的启示

循环经济是指在物质不断循环和能量不断梯级利用的基础上,按照自然生态系统的模式,把资源开发、生产、运输、经营、消费和废弃的全过程经济和社会活动组织成一个"资源-产品-资源"的闭环型物质流动过程,使物质和能源得到最合理和充分的利用,基本上不产生或者只产生很少的废物.循环经济的提出不过几十年,但它迅速得到了人们的重视与认可,特别是发达国家为此迅速研究并进行立法.在这方面,德国走在前面.中国在经济发展中面临的环境问题日益严重,就要求对循环经济进行高度重视,特别是在立法中要体现出来.德国《循环经济和废物处置法》为中国循环经济立法的完善提供了参考.     

我国环境保护中的公众参与问题研究

阐述了公众参与的内涵和意义，介绍了公众参与在国际法、外国和我国环境立法实践的发展和现状。从参与形式、参与领域、参与过程、参与组织方式和参与基础5个方面分析了我国环境保护中公众参与存在的问题，并从法制保障、参与渠道和公众素养3个层面提出了完善我国环境保护中的公众参与的对策。