酸性硫酸盐土鳗塘水体防酸技术

为了克服生产实际中用石灰调节鳗塘水体酸性的弊端,利用石灰石石屑防御酸性物质入侵,效果特别好。水体pH维持在7～8的恒定水平;相关溶解氧含量也适合鳗鱼生长的需要:水草生长茂盛;经济效益可观。     

Influence of fertilizer and sewage sludge compost on yield and heavy metal accumulation by lettuce grown in urban soils

Previous research has demonstrated that many urban soils are enriched in Pb, Cd and Zn. Culture of vegetable crops in these soils could allow transfer of potentially toxic metals to foods. Tanya lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was grown in pots of five urban garden soils and one control agricultural soil to assess the effect of urban-soil metal enrichment, and the effect of soil amendments, on heavy metal uptake by garden vegetables. The amendments included NPK fertilizer, limestone, Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, and two rates of limed sewage sludge compost. Soil Cd ranged from 0.08 to 9.6 mg kg^–1; soil Zn from 38 to 3490 mg kg^–1; and soil Pb from 12 to 5210 mg kg^–1. Lettuce yield on the urban garden soils was as great as or greater than that on the control soil. Lettuce Cd, Zn and Pb concentrations increased from 0.65, 23, and 2.2 mg kg^–1 dry matter in the control soil to as high as 3.53, 422 and 37.0 mg kg^–1 on the metal-rich urban garden soils. Adding limestone or limed sewage sludge compost raised soil pH and significantly reduced lettuce Cd and Zn, while phosphate fertilizer lowered soil pH and had little effect on Zn but increased Cd concentration in lettuce. Urban garden soils caused a significant increase in lettuce leaf Pb concentration, especially on the highest Pb soil. Adding NPK fertilizer, phosphate, or sludge compost to two high Pb soils lowered lettuce Pb concentration, but adding limestone generally did not. On normally fertilized soils, Pb uptake by lettuce was not exceptionally high until soil Pb substantially exceeded 500 mg kg^–1. Comparing garden vegetables and soil as potential sources of Pb risk to children, it is clear that the risk is greater through ingestion of soil or dust than through ingestion of garden vegetables grown on the soil. Urban dwellers should obtain soil metal analyses before selecting garden locations to reduce Pb risk to their children.     

湿法脱硫石灰石制浆系统的比选

石灰石制浆系统被广泛应用于燃煤电厂石灰石／石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统中。对典型的湿磨制浆和石灰石粉制浆系统从工艺流程特点、设备组成、技术经济等方面进行详细的分析比较。考虑到1000MW机组工程石灰石耗量较大，从电厂长期运行角度考虑，推荐采用技术成熟、运行经济的石灰石湿磨制浆方案，同时要加强湿磨制浆系统的日常维护和管理：     

ROLE OF CARBONATE ROCKS IN MODIFYING FLOOD FLOW BEHAVIOR1

ABSTRACT. The interrelationships between the runoff characteristics of watersheds (expressed as the mean annual flood), standard basin parameters (area, drainage properties, and relief), and the parameters which describe the solutional modification of the basins (carbonate rock fractions, sinkhole development, and measures of internal drainage) were used to group 62 carbonate watersheds. Simple binary correlations were obtained by direct plotting of the data. This was followed by multivariate analyses: factor and cluster analyses. Following the cluster analysis, which separated the basins into three groups, the variance within each group was examined again by binary correlations and by factor analysis. Prediction equations for those basins underlain by dolomite rock [QBAR = 12.4 TOT^1.01] and for those basins underlain by carbonate rock with very little surface expression [QBAR = 43.5 TOT^0.87] were proposed. Basins underlain by karstic limestone had a large amount of variance within the data set; therefore no prediction equation could be obtained. (QBAR = mean annual flood, cfs; TOT = total length of all blue lines shown on topographic maps, miles.)     

OPERATING POLICIES FOR A SURFACE/GROUND WATER SYSTEM1

The simulation of the conjunctive use of a surface reservoir and a limestone aquifer is described. The potential yields from each of the sources are of the same order. An important feature of the aquifer is that if the pumpage is reduced, much of the excess water is lost through springs. Five different operating policies are considered which determine whether pumpage should be taken from the reservoir or aquifer. The total safe yields for the historic period 1961–1977 are estimated for each policy and their relative advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The simulation is also carried out for 100 years of generated data to discover the long term consequences.     

扬州电厂200MW机组烟气脱硫石灰石制粉系统

介绍了扬州电厂石灰石制粉系统、主要设计参数及其核心设备的技术特点，为同类工程提供参考。     

加压条件下石灰石的脱硫反应研究

对石灰石在加压条件下的脱硫反应进行了实验研究。实验采用加压热重分析（PTGA）法,得出了加压时石灰石脱硫反应转化率数据。当压力为1.15MPa时,转化率在30.5％～45％之间。测定了加压条件下反应温度、SO₂浓度和石灰石品种对CaCO₃转化率的影响并建立了反应数学模型并由模型计算了脱硫反应动力学参数。最后对反应机理进行了分析。     

脱硫石灰石粉生产线设计及应用

以姚孟电厂脱硫石灰石制粉工程为例,介绍了水泥粉磨技术在电厂脱硫剂制粉中的应用。运行结果表明,系统运行良好、效率高、能耗低,可作为电厂脱硫石灰石制粉的专门技术。     

不同栽培基质对石山珍稀濒危植物苗期生长的影响

对 6种石山珍稀濒危植物在石灰岩土壤和酸性红壤上的苗期生长状况及体内化学元素含量进行了对比研究 ,结果表明 :(1 )每种植物在 2种土壤上的物候学特征基本一致 ;(2 )小花异裂菊和青檀在石灰岩土壤上生长量比酸性土壤上高 ,海南椴在酸性土壤上生长量比石灰岩土壤上高 ;(3 ) 6种植物体内Ca、B 2种化学元素的含量是石灰岩土上比酸性土上高 ;除小花异裂菊外 ,Al在其它 5种植物中的含量都是酸性土上高于石灰岩土上 ,小花异裂菊则是石灰岩土上高于酸性土上 ;(4 )K、Zn、B的生物吸收系数是石灰岩土高于酸性土 ,而N、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Al、Mn则是酸性土高于石灰岩土。     

石灰石中微量杂质对其脱硫活性的影响研究

石灰石的活性对湿法烟气脱硫工艺具有重要意义。采用间歇式硫酸消溶的方法,分别研究了石灰石中各微量杂质浓度对石灰石活性的影响,就其影响结果及其影响机理进行了理论分析,并用拟合曲线的方法预测各种杂质成分的影响程度。结果表明,二氧化硅和氧化铁的含量在一定范围内能提高石灰石的活性,超过此范围将使其活性降低,而氧化镁的存在能大幅提高石灰石的活性,氧化铝对石灰石活性影响不大。