全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9625篇 |
免费 | 769篇 |
国内免费 | 2491篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 404篇 |
废物处理 | 170篇 |
环保管理 | 1921篇 |
综合类 | 6798篇 |
基础理论 | 1117篇 |
环境理论 | 9篇 |
污染及防治 | 877篇 |
评价与监测 | 1065篇 |
社会与环境 | 432篇 |
灾害及防治 | 92篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 69篇 |
2023年 | 255篇 |
2022年 | 364篇 |
2021年 | 426篇 |
2020年 | 433篇 |
2019年 | 371篇 |
2018年 | 305篇 |
2017年 | 415篇 |
2016年 | 442篇 |
2015年 | 497篇 |
2014年 | 495篇 |
2013年 | 702篇 |
2012年 | 625篇 |
2011年 | 694篇 |
2010年 | 562篇 |
2009年 | 556篇 |
2008年 | 456篇 |
2007年 | 633篇 |
2006年 | 641篇 |
2005年 | 465篇 |
2004年 | 428篇 |
2003年 | 470篇 |
2002年 | 400篇 |
2001年 | 367篇 |
2000年 | 351篇 |
1999年 | 259篇 |
1998年 | 192篇 |
1997年 | 169篇 |
1996年 | 152篇 |
1995年 | 113篇 |
1994年 | 112篇 |
1993年 | 76篇 |
1992年 | 70篇 |
1991年 | 57篇 |
1990年 | 43篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 29篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1972年 | 9篇 |
1971年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
931.
This paper examines how local communities adapt to climate change and how governance structures can foster or undermine adaptive capacity. Climate change policies, in general, and disaster risk management in mountain regions, in particular, are characterised by their multi-level and multi-sectoral nature during formulation and implementation. The involvement of numerous state and non-state actors at local to national levels produces a variety of networks of interaction and communication. The paper argues that the structure of these relational patterns is critical for understanding adaptive capacity. It thus proposes an expanded concept of adaptive capacity that incorporates (horizontal and vertical) actor integration and communication flow between these actors. The paper further advocates the use of formal social network analysis to assess these relational patterns. Preliminary results from research on adaptation to climate change in a Swiss mountain region vulnerable to floods and other natural hazards illustrate the conceptual and empirical significance of the main arguments. 相似文献
932.
Jesse McEntee 《Local Environment》2013,18(9-10):785-803
The increasingly popular local food movement in the US has experienced wide-scale buy-in on behalf of the general public as well as in academic arenas. However, there have been recent efforts to critique this movement, typically for being inequitable and unfairly geared towards those with above-average financial means. In this article, I examine local food efforts and present a new conceptualisation of food localism. While geographically localised food consumption activities are taking place, some have ideological labels attached to them, whereas others do not. What I have termed contemporary and traditional localisms exist in the same physical but different social space. The contemporary local is represented by current local food initiatives and corresponding aspirations to support local farmers and to promote sustainability through local purchasing behaviour. The traditional local, on the other hand, is similar in that it represents food growing activities that are in close geographical proximity to consumption, but lacks the motivation associated with the contemporary local's programmatic literature; instead, it is guided by a motivation to obtain fresh and affordable food. I substantiate the contemporary/traditional localism framework with qualitative fieldwork findings from Grafton County, New Hampshire, USA, and describe the practical as well as conceptual implications of this framework. 相似文献
933.
Karin Gustafsson 《Local Environment》2013,18(7):655-670
The aim of this paper is to understand how local residents participate in the construction of local environmental problems and to evaluate a particular analytical approach in environmental sociology to study this phenomenon. The paper is based on an interview study with a sample of local residents. The analysis demonstrates how the local residents attempt to construct a local environmental problem. In particular, the study focuses on how involved actors are positioned, how different sorts of knowledge claims are used, and how the neglect the residents perceive from the authorities affects the attempt to construct a local environmental problem. The study shows that the local residents play a central role in the construction of the situation and that the evaluated model could be very helpful as an analytical tool in the investigation of local residents' participation in the construction of environmental problems. 相似文献
934.
Laura Tozer 《Local Environment》2013,18(1):20-35
Climate change and sustainable development concerns have motivated some municipalities in Canada to develop community energy plans, which focus on energy needs at the local level for the development of efficient, economical and environmental energy systems. Five Canadian cities that were early adopters of community energy planning principles were studied to assess whether implementation has occurred and what barriers have been experienced. The cities achieved success in the implementation of energy management in municipal operations despite barriers in jurisdiction, perception of cost, communication and capacity, but energy management in the community had not been fully implemented and long-term changes were not prevalent. While reductions were made in the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced by municipal operations, the community's overall GHG emissions were not significantly reduced. Long-term impacts on a city's function and growth will be key if community energy planning is to significantly impact community-wide GHG emissions and energy use. 相似文献
935.
Ran Ran 《Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning》2013,15(1):17-39
The obvious paradox within China's environmental politics is the big gap between the central government's policy and its implementation outcomes at local levels. Despite concerns about implementation at the local level, much about the role of central governments in China's local environmental politics is still poorly understood. This article examines how the incentive structure set by the central authorities affects the policy implementation gap at the local level. Drawing on fieldwork and document analysis, this article argues that the incentives set by the central government regarding environmental policy implementation at local levels are perversely structured, meaning that the central government provides much more incentive for local governments' non-implementation or poor implementation of its environmental policies than it provides for full implementation. The central government's failure to encourage—politically, financially, as well as morally—local government officials to appropriately implement environmental policies can partly explain the production of the policy implementation gap at the local level. This implementation gap cannot be overcome by efforts at the local level unless the central government takes significant measures to address the perverse incentive structure embedded in the overall structure of China's local environmental politics. 相似文献
936.
Using meteorological and electricity demand data for a 4-year period, electricity demand in Shetland was modeled to provide an estimate of the demand over a 30-year period from 1 January 1981. That modeled demand was then compared to estimated wind power output over the same period using the WAsP model. The wind farm output was estimated for a range of sizes of wind farm up to the consented 370 MW Viking Wind Farm in Shetland. Some wind power was available for 94% of the time and the 370 MW wind farm would meet 100% of demand for nearly 80% of the time. The statistics of single and accumulated deficits were calculated for a range of wind farms and estimates of the amount of additional generation capacity and additional power requirements were assessed. The study suggests that with storage, wind power in Shetland could meet all electricity demand in Shetland at around £130 to £150/MWh (excluding subsidy) and with a grid connection allowing the sale of excess power, those costs could be reduced. 相似文献
937.
938.
Mengduo Zhang Weiwei Chen Xiangjin Shen Hongmei Zhao Chengkang Gao Xuelei Zhang Wei Liu Chengjiang Yang Yang Qin Shichun Zhang Jing Fu Daniel Tong Aijun Xiu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(6):150-168
Using a bottom-up estimation method, a comprehensive, high-resolution emission inventory of gaseous and particulate atmospheric pollutants for multiple anthropogenic sectors with typical local sources has been developed for the Harbin-Changchun city agglomeration (HCA). The annual emissions for CO, NOx, SO2, NH3, VOCS, PM2.5, PM10, BC and OC during 2017 in the HCA were estimated to be 5.82 Tg, 0.70 Tg, 0.34 Tg, 0.75 Tg, 0.81Tg, 0.67 Tg, 1.59 Tg, 0.12 Tg and 0.26 Tg, respectively. For PM10 and SO2, the emissions from industry processes were the dominant contributors representing 54.7% and 49.5%, respectively, of the total emissions, while 95.3% and 44.5% of the total NH3 and NOx emissions, respectively, were from or associated with agricultural activities and transportation. Spatiotemporal distributions showed that most emissions (except NH3) occurred in November to March and were concentrated in the central cities of Changchun and Harbin and the surrounding cities. Open burning of straw made an important contribution to PM2.5 in the central regions of the northeastern plain during autumn and spring, while domestic coal combustion for heating purposes was significant with respect to SO2 and PM2.5 emissions during autumn and winter. Furthermore, based on Principal Component Analysis and Multivariable Linear Regression model, air temperature, relative humidity, electricity and energy consumption, and the urban and rural population were optimized to be representative indicators for rapidly assessing the magnitude of regional atmospheric pollutants in the HCA. Such indicators and equations were demonstrated to be useful for local atmospheric environment management. 相似文献
939.
940.