Atmospheric particulate pollution of Lanzhou using magnetic measurements

１　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍａｉｎａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ．Ｉｔｍａｙｂｅｈａｒｍｆｕｌｉｔｓｅｌｆａｎｄｃａｎａｃｔａｓａｃａｒｒｉｅｒｏｆｔｏｘｉｃｍａｔｔｅｒｓｗｈｉｃｈｍａｙｈａｖｅｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅｉｍｐａｃｔｓｏｎｈｕｍａｎｈｅａｌｔｈａｎｄａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｑｕａｌｉｔｙ．Ｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｏａｌ，ｗｈｉｃｈｓｔｉｌｌｓｅｒｖｅｓａｓｐｒｉｍａｒｙｅ…     

30万吨合成氨厂环境噪声综合评价

镇海炼化股份有限公司化肥厂针对装置区噪声污染严重这一现状，积极开展噪声源防治工作经过几年来的噪声综合治理，提高了化肥厂噪声合格率，改善了厂区环境。     

Assessment and management of fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum

Prenatal counselling for fetal agenesis of the corpus callosum is difficult as the prognosis until now has been so uncertain. We have reviewed the current world English literature to provide the best probabilistic information for prospective parents. In total, there are 70 cases where the diagnosis was made prenatally. The diagnosis of apparently isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum (in the absence of other sonographically detectable anomalies) appears to carry an excellent prognosis, with an 85 per cent chance of a normal developmental outcome and a 15 per cent risk of handicap. Fetal karyotyping is recommended as there is a 1 in 10 risk of aneuploidy. If other anomalies are detected prenatally, the outcome is very poor. Termination of pregnancy is advised in these circumstances.     

Mitigation and adaptation synergy in forest sector

Mitigation and adaptation are the two main strategies to address climate change. Mitigation and adaptation have been considered separately in the global negotiations as well as literature. There is a realization on the need to explore and promote synergy between mitigation and adaptation while addressing climate change. In this paper, an attempt is made to explore the synergy between mitigation and adaptation by considering forest sector, which on the one hand is projected to be adversely impacted under the projected climate change scenarios and on the other provide opportunities to mitigate climate change. Thus, the potential and need for incorporating adaptation strategies and practices in mitigation projects is presented with a few examples. Firstly, there is a need to ensure that mitigation programs or projects do not increase the vulnerability of forest ecosystems and plantations. Secondly, several adaptation practices could be incorporated into mitigation projects to reduce vulnerability. Further, many of the mitigation projects indeed reduce vulnerability and promote adaptation, for example; forest and biodiversity conservation, protected area management and sustainable forestry. Also, many adaptation options such as urban forestry, soil and water conservation and drought resistant varieties also contribute to mitigation of climate change. Thus, there is need for research and field demonstration of synergy between mitigation and adaptation, so that the cost of addressing climate change impacts can be reduced and co-benefits increased.     

南京东郊石炭纪威宁期的风暴沉积

南京东郊石炭纪威宁期碳酸盐岩地层中普遍见有风暴沉积,以有突变的底界和底面构造、贝壳层、粒序层以及在风暴低能快速堆积条件下所形成的遮蔽构造等为基本鉴别要素,这些要素的不同组合构成的剖面结构可划分为五种类型,据此笔者提出本区风暴沉积的综合剖面结构。     

西江沿岸地带工业资源开发策略

西江沿岸地带是一个工业不发达的待开发民族区域,但它拥有多方面工业资源优势,而且工业开发环境条件良好。作者认为,优势的工业资源开发必须在全方位开放与资源深度利用的基础上以轻型为主导的策略,重点建设制糖、水果加工、水电、有色金属为主的原材料及加工等若干工业基地。布局上以西江干流和区内铁路干线为“轴”,结合重点工业“点”,稳定提高中部,重点开发东部,创造条件开发西部,实现“点轴结合,逐步推进”的工业资源区域开发策略。     

不同生物接触氧化方法对藻类的去除效果比较及其途径分析

比较了3种生物接触氧化法对富营养化水源水中藻类的去除效果，探讨其去除藻类的途径。试验结果表明：淹没式曝气生物陶粒滤池（I型）在4-6m/h过滤速度条件下，对藻类总数的去除效率稳定，平均为70%左右；采用YDT弹性立体填料的中心导流筒曝气生物接触氧化法（Ⅱ型）与直接微孔曝气生物接触氧化法（Ⅲ型），在试验初期对藻类总数的去除率较低，平均去除率分别为60.2%、51.6%。但随着生物膜厚度的增加，试验后期对藻类的去除效果逐步得到提高，平均达70%以上。生物膜对藻类的生物絮凝、吸附、生物膜的脱落沉降等是生物接触氧化法去除藻类的主要途径。     

不可再生资源利用率度量指标研究

通过分析指出不可再生资源利用率是度量可持续发展的一个重要尺度。从产值与不可再生资源消耗相比较的角度出发 ,设置了不可再生资源利用率的度量指标 :单位工业增加值不可再生资源消耗 ,并以中国为例 ,分别以重量与能值为尺度 ,计算以上所设置指标的指标值 ,并对计算结果进行分析与思考。     

The effects of land use and its patterns on soil properties in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau

Due to relatively strong human activities in the hilly area of Loess Plateau,the natural vegetation has been destroyed,and landscape pattern based on agricultural land matrix was land use mosaic composing of shrub land,grassland,woolland and orchard.This pattern has an important effect on soil moisture and soil nutrients.The Danangou catchment,a typical small catchment,was selected to study the effects of land use and its patterns on soil moisture and nutrients in this paper.The results are as follows:The comparisons of soil moisture among seven land uses for wet year and dry year were performed:(1)the average of soil moisture content for whole catchment was 12.11% in wet year,while it was 9.37% in dry year;(2)soil moisture among seven land uses was significantly different in dry year,but not in wet year;(3) form wet year to dry year,the profile type of soil moisture changed from decreasing type to fluctuation-type and from fluctuant type to increasing type;(4)the increasing trend in soil moisture from the top to foot of hillslope occurred in simple land use along slope,while complicated distribution of soil moisture was observed in multiple land uses along slope.The relationships between soil nutrients and land uses and landscape positions were analysed:(1)five nutrient contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total N(TN),available N(AN),total P(TP) and available P(AP) in hilly area were lower than that in other areas.SOM content was less than 1%,TN content less than 0.07%,and TP fallow land and cropland,and higher level in soil fertility was found in crop-fruit intercropping land among croplands;(3)soil nutrient distribution and responses to landscape positions were variable depending on slope and the location of land use types.     

测空气中SO2时的主要影响因素

目前测定空气中SO2主要采用甲醛吸收-副玫瑰苯胺分光光度法。该法操作比较严格，测试结果的准确度受诸多因素的影响。因此文中对这些影响因素进行了探讨，主要为试剂质量、显色温度和显色时间、溶液加入顺序、比色皿、空气采样器流量、采样温度、导气管的吸附等因素对测定结果的影响进行了探讨。