Thermal decomposition kinetic of liquid organic peroxides

This study demonstrates the application of isothermal calorimeter for investigating the thermal decomposition of several liquid organic peroxides, such as t-Butyl peroxy acetate (TBPA), Di-tert butyl peroxide (DTBP), and Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP). The decomposition mechanism and kinetic can be identified from case to case. TBPA and DTBP undergo first order reaction, whereas CHP occurs autocatalysis. Accurate kinetic can be assessed on the basis of discerning these various schemes of given samples. Consequently, the thermal runaway or reactive hazards potential of organic peroxides can be determined, for instance as a self accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT).     

LEAF LITTER BREAKDOWN IN A RECENTLY IMPOUNDED RESERVOIR1

ABSTRACT: The impoundment of Richard B. Russell Lake resulted in the inundation of 3490 ha of forested area or 33 percent of the total area of the lake. Estimates of the total inundated leaf litter biomass were combined with a leaf litter decomposition study to determine the nutrient load and dissolved oxygen demand to the reservoir. Hickory leaf bags broke down most rapidly at the 3-m and 28-rn depths, followed by short-needle pine, white oak, a hardwood litter mixture, beech, and red oak. Leaf bags incubated at the 3-m depth exhibited significantly higher breakdown rates than those at the 28-m depth for most leaf types, due to differences in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Respiration rates of litter were also higher at the 3-m depth. Most leaf types accumulated nitrogen and phosphorus and lost organic carbon after an initial leaching period. Richard B. Russell Lake exhibited extensive anoxia and the buildup of total organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus during summer stratification. Leaf litter breakdown accounted for 64 percent of the organic carbon increase but acted as a sink for nitrogen and phosphorus. The dissolved oxygen demand of the litter accounted for over 50 percent of the demand incurred in the lake.     

木材燃烧过程气相中长寿命自由基的研究

利用研制的防火液对木材进行阻燃处理,通过ＥＳＲ自旋捕捉技术和热分析仪考察其燃烧特性,对木材燃烧后长寿命自由基进行研究。实验结果表明,阻燃处理后木材的燃烧过程中长寿命自由基浓度下降,同时阻燃剂加速木材的热分解,对木材有较好的阻燃效果     

高湿度条件下分解臭氧的锰催化剂

分别以硝酸锰和乙酸锰为前体 ,用浸渍法制备了MnOx γ Al2 O3催化剂 ,考察了它们对高湿度高浓度臭氧的催化分解性能。分析了在不同的温度煅烧和用不同的前体制备的催化剂上的氧化锰的形态。实验表明 ,以乙酸锰为前体 ,在 4 0 0℃煅烧得到的催化剂的臭氧催化分解活性最高 ,保持 95 %的臭氧分解率 ,其使用寿命在 10 0h以上 ,该催化剂上锰的主要形态为Mn2 O3,在载体上分散性最好     

Destruction of VOCs by combination of corona discharge and catalysis techniques

The catalytic effect of alumina on the destruction of toluene, benzene, acetone and methanol, in DC pulsed corona discharge reactor was studied. In the presence of alumina the inlet concentration of the VOCs was varied from ～5×10^-6mol/L to ～80×10^-6mol/L, and their decomposition efficiency (conversion %) was found to be 99%—80% for toluene, 99%—97% for benzene, 95%—92% for acetone, and 72%—85% for methanol. Corresponding decomposition in the absence of alumina was 90%—38% for toluene, 89%—57% for benzene, 42%—30% for acetone, and 47%—19% for methanol. Feed gas flow rate was 400 cm³/min and power reading from DC source was 7.4 W in all of the experiments. Alumina also shifted the CO/CO₂ ratio in the by products in favor of CO₂. Ozone concentration at the reactor outlet was higher in the presence of alumina. Enhancement in VOCs decomposition by alumina was explained on the basis of higher concentration of ozone and its precursor atomic oxygen [O] . Decomposition efficiency (conversion %) for individual compounds was found to be inversely proportional to the ionization potential of the compound, under identical conditions. Double DC high voltage sources pulse generator was tested and found to improve VOCs decomposition compared with the conventional single DC high voltage source.      

NO-CO-CO2-N2体系中若干金属氧化物对NO去除反应的催化作用

采用固定床流动反应装置，考察Ｃｕ２Ｏ、ＣｕＯ、Ｃｒ２Ｏ３、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＭｎＯ２、Ｎｉ２Ｏ３、Ｖ２Ｏ５等金属氧化物对ＮＯＣＯＣＯ２Ｎ２体系中ＮＯ去除反应的催化作用，同时，分析了ＮＯＣＯＣＯ２Ｎ２体系中金属氧化物对ＮＯ去除的作用。研究结果表明，各金属氧化物对ＮＯ去除反应均有不同程度的催化活性，其中Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、Ｎｉ２Ｏ３、ＣｕＯ等对ＮＯ的去除显示出较强的催化作用。金属氧化物存在条件下ＮＯＣＯＣＯ２Ｎ２体系中，ＮＯ去除反应较为复杂，ＮＯ／ＣＯ气相直接反应、低价氧化物对ＮＯ的还原作用、金属氧化物对ＮＯ分解反应的催化作用及金属氧化物对ＮＯ／ＣＯ反应的催化作用等都可能存在。大部分金属氧化物以对ＮＯ／ＣＯ反应的催化作用为主，而Ｎｉ２Ｏ３的预还原试样对ＮＯ的直接分解反应表现了极强的催化活性。     

废旧塑料的综合利用

综合利用废旧塑料,解决"白色污染",已成为全球的研究热点。从废旧塑料的直接利用、改性利用、热分解、与煤共液化等几个方面综述了废旧塑料的综合利用途径,其中废旧塑料与煤共液化处理技术很有发展前途,将成为今后研究的新热点。     

Analysis of impulse electric field effect on organic exhaust gas decomposition

The technique of organic exhaust gas decomposition with impulse corono-dischrge plasma has been investigated in this study. It has been discovered that the impulse electric fieldaffected the decomposition efficiency with the secondary electron emission coefficient (δ of the corona electrode as an intermediate: when W was fixed the corona electrode material with higher δcould induce higher decomposition efficiency. In these experiments,wolfram electrode which has the highest δhas really induced the highest decomposition efficiency.     

综合生物塘处理城镇污水研究

报道了一种新的高效低能耗的污水处理塘系统的中试研究结果。本生物塘系统分为三个功能区域，分别为污水净化区，水质修饰区和综合利用区，水生维管束植物呈带状分布于塘系统中，在时间上和空间上进行不同搭配组合。较之传统氧化塘和一般的水生植物塘、综合生物塘的处理效果较好。ＣＯＤ、ＢＯＤ、ＴＳＳ、氮、磷等污染组分法除效率较高，细菌，病毒及诱变活性明显下降，在污水净化的同时，收获大量的水生植物及鱼，蚌等水产品，水质     

含氮氧化物（NOX）工业废气治理

通过对含氮氧化物（ＮＯＸ）工业废气治理的多年实践，要治理间断地、非均匀排放的含ＮＯＸ工业废气，采用尿素鼓泡吸收分解还原法，具有治理效果好、无二次污染；工艺设备简单、操作条件温和、弹性大、方便、平稳、治理成本低等优点