中小企业信息网络建设研究

通过分析国内中小企业信息网络与咨询服务的现状,论述了建设中小企业信息网络的重要作用,并指出了中小企业信息网络的发展趋势。     

推行同业复核制度对促进审核质量提高的探讨

以制约认证审核质量提高的五大矛盾为基础，阐述认证市场监管发展方向，从增强认证行业自律角度提出建立以认证认可协会为主体、全体认证公司参与的同业复核制度，以提高审核有效性，促进认证质量的不断提高。     

湖南红色旅游资源的共生势能

红色旅游资源与其他旅游资源的共生开发,是市场配置资源的必然现象,研究意义重大。以湖南旅游资源为对象,以景区为共生单元,通过景区旅游资源类型结构确定红色主导、绿色主导、蓝色主导、古色主导、娱乐科教主导五类,依据景区质量指数和景区间便捷程度指数计算共生势能,基于社会网络理论运用Ucinet和ArcGIS软件分析发现：湖南旅游资源共生势能存在五个等级,表现着纯利他的首要联络中心、利他主导的次要联络中心、对称互利的重要联络点、非对称互利的一般联络点、纯利己的松散联络点属性,红色旅游资源具有共生势能的显著优势。旅游资源共生系统由五大共生群落组成,红色旅游资源发挥了显著的组织作用,长株潭红色旅游资源为优势的共生群落的内部联系最紧密,具有良好的共生势能;湘南古色、红色、蓝色旅游资源共建,湘西绿色、古色旅游资源共建,湘西南绿色旅游资源为优势的和环洞庭古色旅游资源为优势的共生群落,内部联系依次降低;长株潭红色旅游资源为优势的共生群落与其他四个共生群落均有联系,与湘南古色、红色、蓝色旅游资源共建的共生群落之间联系较紧密,而湘南古色、红色、蓝色旅游资源共建的与湘西南绿色旅游资源为优势的共生群落之间联系较紧密。红色旅游资源是湖南旅游资源共生系统核心区的主体,核心区53个景区中,红色主导型景区占33.96%;长株潭红色旅游资源为优势的共生群落中占50.9%。研究结果表明,红色旅游资源表现着对湖南旅游业发展的强大支持作用和协同作用,体现了促进区域高质量发展的独特价值。     

旅游市场开发刍议

西部大开发战略的实施，催促着旅游业发展的脚步。文章结合西部旅游业发展的实际情况分析了旅游市场开发的原则、措施、方法、过程和内容，有针对性地提出了旅游市场开发的策略，并探讨了旅游市场开发的利弊和解决对策。     

市场一体化的工业污染排放机制:长江经济带例证

采用长江经济带2003~2015年105个城市面板数据,利用动态面板系统GMM方法探讨了市场一体化影响长江经济带工业二氧化硫、工业烟尘以及工业废水的实证结果及中间机制.研究表明：长江经济带各类工业污染物排放都具有动态累积效应以及存在路径依赖问题,市场规模加剧了工业污染排放,第三产业结构比例以及技术水平的提升则降低了各类工业污染排放水平,市场一体化存在影响各类工业污染物排放的规模、结构与技术传导路径.具体地,全样本中,市场一体化对各类工业污染排放物都具有技术中介效应,对于除工业烟尘之外的其他工业污染物排放具有市场规模中介效应,但第三产业结构中介效应不显著;分析区域异质性可知,与中下游地区相比,长江经济带上游地区市场一体化水平偏低,导致其对技术进步的促进不显著,缺乏影响各类工业污染物排放的技术中介效应,另外市场一体化对各地区工业烟尘的排放都具有一定的显著中介效应,至少能够从规模、结构以及技术进步层面找到一条显著的传导路径.本文推测,市场一体化对工业污染排放的影响可能受到了经济发展阶段、地区企业所有权属性、产业结构以及交通基础设施建设等潜在因素影响,而且工业烟尘排放量较大的行业是未来降低长江经济带工业污染排放的政策重点.     

排污权交易机制在山西省的探索与实践

排污权交易制度是一项需要探索的引入了利益激励的新制度,本文着重介绍了山西省在排污权交易工作中的探索成果。对排污权交易机构的设立、区域排污权总数量的确定及企业初始排污权的核定、交易价格计量单位和排污权获得后拥有年限、排污权交易的保护价格、可出让排污权及政府储备排污权、跨区域交易原则、排污权退市以及促使现有企业进入购买排污权队列等问题做了详细阐述。     

An economic analysis of China’s domestic crude oil supply policies

ABSTRACT

China’s domestic oil production has lagged the growth in domestic oil consumption since the beginning of the 21st century, leading to a growing reliance on imports. In response, the Chinese government has introduced a number of policies, including import license constraints, to support domestic suppliers. In an effort to measure the economic impact of these policies we develop a short-run equilibrium model of China’s wholesale oil and gas market at the provincial scale. We construct counterfactual scenarios that suggest that relaxing policies that prioritize domestic production in 2016, when the average price of Chinese oil imports was US$42 per barrel (bbl), could have increased China’s import demand by 0.29 million barrels per day (MMbbl/d). This results in a substitution of 9% of China’s domestic production in 2016, and a reduction of US $2.8 billion in crude supply costs including transportation as the imported oil has more direct access to the country’s pipeline network, compared to the displaced domestic production. In addition, rising import prices since mid-2017 may provide a window of opportunity for Chinese policymakers to proceed with further deregulation of the domestic oil sector, as the short-term impact on domestic producers is reduced.     

Carbon market and technology transfer: statistical analysis for exploring implications

The impact of clean development mechanism (CDM) projects on climate change technology transfer (CCTT), which is essential for developing countries to achieve higher mitigation targets and move towards more sustainable paths, has been, until now, inadequately understood and analysed. The aim of this paper is to analyse the carbon market contribution to CCTT, mainly through the CDM, so as to stimulate developing countries towards the deployment and diffusion of low-carbon technologies that fulfil their sustainability goals. Indeed, relatively few studies deal with the assessment of the CDM contribution to CCTT, mainly through desk analysis and empirical evaluations on project design documents. To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies dealing with CCTT through CDM projects using statistical approaches. The added value of this article is the use of statistical analysis, time series analysis and multiple linear regression to analyse carbon market experiences in selected cross-representative developing countries. This assessment indicated the very heterogeneous CCTT across CDM project types, varying significantly in terms of reliance on imported technology, mix of equipment and knowledge and source countries for the technology.     

我国城市水环境产业发展规模和市场容量的SD模型

采用SD方法,建立了城市水环境产业与人口、经济、资源和环境之间相互关系的动态、非线性模型(SDMUWEIC),在不确定分析基础上,预测了未来城市水环境产业的发展规模、市场容量和市场结构.表明城市水环境产业将为建筑、通用机械设备和水处理专用设备等提供广阔的市场,从而促进消费,带动国民经济其他行业的发展.本文还进一步预测了不同城市人口比例和水价增长速度,对城市水环境产业发展的影响.