Shopping online for children: Is safety a consideration?

Introduction: There has been a significant increase in online purchasing and product safety problems have been identified in e-commerce. This study examines consumer behavior and safety perceptions among parents purchasing child products online. Method: A mixed methods approach, including focus groups and a survey with parents, identified key characteristics and behaviors. Cluster analysis was used to determine different population segments (including “Informed,” “Uninformed,” and “Infrequent” consumer groups) based on their frequency of online shopping and search for product information. “Safe” and “Unsafe” behavior groups were identified related to their search for safety information on child products. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the effects of consumer type groups and demographic variables on the chances of being a safer consumer. Results: Findings indicate that child product safety considerations are not a priority for parents when shopping online. Only 62% of the survey respondents indicated that they search for information prior to buying a child product online, of which only 13% of the respondents noted that they search for information on product safety. Risky consumer behaviors were identified including the purchase of imitation products (counterfeit or knockoff products) and autonomous checks for product safety in lieu of safety standards. The logistic regression analysis found that being an “Uninformed Consumer” increases the odds of an individual being an “Unsafe Consumer” by 8.4 times (χ²(11) = 97.33, p < .001). Practical Applications: Design of a social marketing campaign that targets these different population segments to change perceptions and promote safe online purchasing is recommended.     

我国农村连锁商业企业营销战略初探

随着我国经济的日益发展,农村连锁商业市场发展潜力巨大.本文通过分析我国农村连锁商业企业发展的营销环境,初步探讨了在农村进行连锁商业经营的基本营销战略.     

我国城市生活垃圾产业市场化探讨

本文通过对我国城市生活垃圾处理现状、原则等进行分析,提出只有大力发展垃圾产业,才能根本解决我国城市垃圾问题。并提出了我国垃圾产业市场的形成条件、构成和所应采取的策略。     

The use of personalised social marketing to foster voluntary behavioural change for sustainable travel and lifestyles

Changing public attitudes and behaviour is key to achieving the UK target of a 60% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 2050. Top-down campaigns that have provided information to a passive public have not necessarily resulted in pro-environmental behavioural change. This paper examines the use of a personalised social marketing approach to engage the public in changing their personal travel. It provides the results of a project in the City of York to foster voluntary travel behavioural change. Using face-to-face discussions, personalised information and incentives, a statistically significant reduction in car use and an increase in cycling and the use of public transport were achieved over a six-month period. However, this change was not sustained 12 months later. The paper explores the contrasting perspectives on behavioural change and examines the possible lessons that can be learnt to foster voluntary behavioural change in other aspects of household consumption.     

A targeted social marketing approach for community pro-environmental behavioural change

Community-level initiatives will play a key role in meeting greenhouse gas reduction targets. This paper examines the experience gained in applying a targeted social marketing approach to foster local-scale community pro-environmental behavioural change in the City of York, UK. This involved determining the neighbourhood carbon footprint, identifying residents that had access to appropriate infrastructure and were receptive to green issues. Six community teams were recruited from the selected neighbourhoods and provided with information, advice and mentoring on how to reduce their carbon footprint over a six-month period. A statistically significant reduction in carbon emissions was achieved. Each participant achieved a mean reduction in their carbon footprint of 2.0 tonnes of CO₂e/year. The largest reductions were achieved in the areas of shopping and home energy. In addition, it helped to foster community spirit. Based on the experience gained from implementing this approach, a cost-effective model of community engagement is proposed.     

Effects of social networks on interventions to change conservation behavior

Social networks are critical to the success of behavioral interventions in conservation because network processes such as information flows and social influence can enable behavior change to spread beyond a targeted group. We investigated these mechanisms in the context of a social marketing campaign to promote a wildlife poisoning hotline in Cambodia. With questionnaire surveys we measured a social network and knowledge and constructs from the theory of planned behavior at 3 points over 6 months. The intervention initially targeted ∼11% (of 365) of the village, but after 6 months ∼40% of the population was knowledgeable about the campaign. The likelihood of being knowledgeable nearly doubled with each additional knowledgeable household member. In the short term, there was also a modest, but widespread improvement in proconservation behavioral intentions, but this did not persist after 6 months. Estimates from stochastic actor-oriented models suggested that the influences of social peers, rather than knowledge, were driving changes in intention and contributed to the failure to change behavioral intention in the long term, despite lasting changes in attitudes and perceived norms. Our results point to the importance of accounting for the interaction between networks and behavior when designing conservation interventions.     

哈尼梯田旅游市场营销策略分析

通过对哈尼梯田旅游区的市场特征调查研究和旅游区发展的SWOT分析表明要做强做大哈尼梯田旅游,首要任务是改善基础设施,提高游客接待能力,同时要做到有规划地展开市场营销工作.从营销行为的旅游市场营销定义角度出发,对元阳哈尼梯田旅游市场营销策略进行了研究,提出了营销总体目标和分阶段目标、整体性营销策略和具体的营销计划.     

模糊综合评价在煤炭产业安全中的应用

综合考虑煤炭产业安全的各种影响因素,运用模糊综合评价理论,给出了一种新的煤炭产业安全评价方法--模糊综合评价方法.这种方法,能够综合考虑到影响煤炭产业安全的各种因素,将评价因素的各项指标进行量化处理,从而对煤炭产业安全做出科学合理的安全分析评价.     

营销管理信息系统

本文从营销管理信息系统的构成、营销管理信息系统与企业营销过程的关系、营销管理信息系统的作用、内部记录系统、营销决策支持系统等几个方面对企业的营销管理信息系统进行了浅显的讨论。     

市场需求与重庆都市游特色纪念品的开发

作者从增强特色旅游纪念品开发的可操作性出发 ,将开发看成是以链接市场需求为中心的营销策划过程 ,对重庆都市旅游特色纪念品的开发主题、要素整合与展示、相应支持性措施等提出了较具针对性的建议。在充分了解市场需求的基础上 ,将特色纪念品开发与旅游地主题形象及其要素、旅游精品开发密切结合 ,是本文主要突破点。