用平板双分子层脂膜模拟研究锌离子跨细胞膜的传递过程

制备了氧化胆固醇-卵磷脂（脑磷脂）平板双分子层脂膜，研究了膜配方对双分子层脂膜的稳定性和离子传递性能的影响，得到了最佳制膜工艺，并建立了锌离子跨卵（脑）磷脂膜的吸附-扩散模型，其计算值与实验值基本吻合．     

Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Its Loss in Mammalian Populations

Abstract:  Policy aimed at conserving biodiversity has focused on species diversity. Loss of genetic diversity, however, can affect population persistence, evolutionary potential, and individual fitness. Although mammals are a well-studied taxonomic group, a comprehensive assessment of mammalian genetic diversity based on modern molecular markers is lacking. We examined published microsatellite data from populations of 108 mammalian species to evaluate background patterns of genetic variability across taxa and body masses. We tested for loss of genetic diversity at the population level by asking whether populations that experienced demographic threats exhibited lower levels of genetic diversity. We also evaluated the effect of ascertainment bias (a reduction in variability when microsatellite primers are transferred across species) on our assessment of genetic diversity. Heterozygosity did not vary with body mass across species ranging in size from shrews to whales. Differences across taxonomic groupings were noted at the highest level, between populations of marsupial and placental mammals. We documented consistently lower heterozygosity, however, in populations that had experienced demographic threats across a wide range of mammalian species. We also documented a significant ( p = 0.01) reduction in heterozygosity as a result of ascertainment bias. Our results suggest that populations of both rare and common mammals are currently losing genetic diversity and that conservation efforts focused above the population level may fail to protect the breadth of persisting genetic diversity. Conservation policy makers may need to focus their efforts below the species level to stem further losses of genetic resources.     

活性污泥法的多变量最优控制Ⅱ.限制有机物(BOD)的排放总量

着重研究了有限制有机物排放总量时，使其运行费用最低的最优周期控制问题。通过增加新的状态变量和用补偿函数法，将本课题的有约束条件问题化为无约束条件问题，并提出了最优长参数的动态搜索法来修改传统的梯度法，从而较完善地解决了多变量最优周期控制的计算问题。     

污水生物处理单元平衡分析方法研究(Ⅰ)

依据热力学第二定律建立了污水处理单元平衡分析的灰箱模型,提出了进行处理单元过程评价的指标体系.在热力学意义上,污水生物处理是通过微生物内部的耗散来消耗污水污染物能量的过程,推动该过程加速进行需要耗费外部的.因此,节能的主要目的是节,即应防止推动力过剩造成反应器单元的外部损失.这一方法体系将为合理科学评判处理过程能耗机制奠定重要的理论基础.     

浅谈生态平衡的破坏和重建

通过列举古今中外实例 ,从生态学角度 ,阐述生态平衡的重要性及深远意义 ,警示世人大自然法则不容破坏 ,保护和重建生态平衡就是保护人类的生存与发展。     

重庆降水研究的质量控制和质量保证

本文介绍重庆地区酸雨研究的质量控制程序。合理布点、采样,样品预处理和存贮条件的研究,严格的分析测试和质控检验,是获得可比可信分析质量的保证。     

江苏新沂市越流含水层的地下水资源评价

中国利用越流含水层作为城市供水水源地的实例并不多见。本文根据实际开采资料,利用伽略金（Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ）有限元法计算当补给层水头变化时越流含水层的地下水资源,并提出水位预测的方法。还利用补给层的水量平衡评价越流含水层开采量的保证程度,预测了新水源地投产后对老水源地的影响。本文对于正确认识越流含水层的地下水资源特性及其在城市供水中的意义有重要参考价值。     

污水生物处理单元能量平衡与分析方法研究与应用

在提出污染物内能概念的基础上，对污水生物处理工艺能量平衡和分析的原理与方法进行了探讨，建立了能量平衡研究的基本模型。据此对国内四座不同工艺的城市污水处理厂进行了生物处理单元的能量衡算，并采用两类指标对处理单元耗能状况进行了评价。应用能量平衡分析方法可进行处理工艺的设计遴选和建成后运转效果的评判，以及指导处理厂有针对性地采取节能降耗措施。     

Direct hydride derivatization of methyl- and ethylmercury chlorides in aqueous solution with KBH4

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基于超高效液相色谱串联质谱法的番茄果实和土壤中氟吡菌胺残留测定

建立了番茄果实和土壤中氟吡菌胺残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。用乙腈水溶液提取样品中的氟毗菌胺,以C_(18)柱为分析柱、乙腈-甲酸水溶液为流动相,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱多反应监测、电喷雾正离子源、外标法定量。氟吡菌胺在0.05~1.00 mg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=6964.10x-143.28,决定系数为0.996 8。向对照番茄果实、对照土壤中分别添加氟吡菌胺标样,使其添加量分别为0.10 mg/kg、0.40 mg/kg和2.00 mg/kg,平均回收率分别为92.43%~103.32%和92.75%~104.46%,相对标准偏差分别为3.8%~4.9%和3.4%~4.4%。番茄果实和土壤中氟吡菌胺的定量限分别为1.0μg/kg和1.7μg/kg,检出限分别为0.3μg/kg和0.5μg/kg。