几种农业有机废弃物沼气发酵工艺条件优化研究

以农业有机废弃物鲜猪粪、干稻草、青草、南瓜叶以及菜叶为原料,沼气产量和甲烷产量为指标,采用4因素3水平的正交实验设计方法对沼气发酵工艺参数优化配置进行了实验研究。结果表明反应器内原料碳氮比、原料固体浓度、反应环境温度以及投加微量元素对沼气发酵均有不同程度的影响,其中反应环境温度对沼气产量的影响显著。最优工艺条件为原料碳氮比25:1、固体浓度8%、温度35℃、投加微量元素Co。     

Wolfgang Priester: from the big bounce to the $\Lambda$-dominated universe

Wolfgang Priester (1924–2005) was one of Germany’s most versatile and quixotic astrophysicists, reinventing himself successively as a radio astronomer, space physicist and cosmologist, and making a lasting impact on each field. We focus in this personal account on his contributions to cosmology, where he will be most remembered for his association with quasars, his promotion of the idea of a nonsingular “big bounce” at the beginning of the current expansionary phase, and his recognition of the importance of dark energy (Einstein’s cosmological constant Λ) well before this became the standard paradigm in cosmology. In memoriam Wolfgang Priester, 22 April 1924 – 9 July 2005     

循环半干法脱硫系统设计与应用

本文描述了菲达环保引进的法国Alstom公司的循环半干法（NID-FGD）脱硫技术系统组成及技术优势,并介绍了巨宏热电厂1×135MW机组NID-FGD脱硫工程的设计参数、运行情况及技术经济指标。     

棘洪滩水库典型风况分析及其应用研究

棘洪滩水库的源水是水库流场变化的主要动力,风力状况也是影响棘洪滩水库流场况变化的重要因素,当水库处于非调水期,风力状况的作用尤为明显。本论文整理了棘洪滩水库1989-2008年20年间气象资料,统计得出水库年际和四个季度的风向、风力变化情况。结果表明,棘洪滩水库常年盛行风向是南风和西北风。春季和冬季以西北风为主,夏季和秋季以东风和东南风为主。通过sMs软件建立的水质模型可以验证,不同的风向与风力大小对水库流场的变化有着显著的影响。     

The effect of N2/CO2 blend ratios on the pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of coal particles: Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses

The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of various CO₂/N₂ ratios on coal pyrolysis and combustion properties and to provide theoretical guidance for better preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion in the goaf. The dynamic pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of DX coal were analyzed by using a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) in a constant oxygen atmosphere with different CO₂/N₂ blend ratios. The Málek method combining Coats-Redfern and Achar methods was used to determine the most probable mechanism functions. CO₂ containing atmospheres increased characteristic temperatures, burnout rate, maximum mass loss rate and comprehensive combustion performance index compared to O₂/N₂ atmospheres. In stages I-III, a lower apparent activation energy was observed in O₂/CO₂ atmospheres. Apparent activation energy and enthalpy changes showed upward trends in the reaction stage (I→III→IV), whereas Gibbs free energy change and entropy change decreased. The dynamic pyrolysis and combustion of DX coal necessitated increased energy in environment with a CO₂/N₂ ratio of 4:6, revealing the optimal inhibitory effect on DX coal with this particular ratio.     

负压蒸氨法处理油母页岩高浓度氨氮废水的试验

通过对抚顺某炼油厂在油母页岩干馏过程中产生的高浓度氨氮废水进行负压蒸氨试验,总结出压力、水温、pH、水力停留时间等相关参数对蒸氨效率的影响。     

风机及系统应用工况优化经济运行技术探析

从风机及系统的噪声与振动控制的总体验收标准着手,对风机及系统工艺设计的标准进行描述,提出风机及系统噪声与振动治理的设计方案及工作机理,通过表述风机在系统中的负载特性和不同效率风机在相同管网的不同运行效率及图示,分析说明降噪节能的原理,并以相关改造的两个实例,说明改造的效果,提出风机及系统应用工况优化运行技术,是风机降噪声、节电的必然趋势。     

露天储煤场防风抑尘集成技术的应用

近年来随着平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司一矿棚户区改造推进,一矿露天储煤场煤尘对周围环境影响较大。为降低其污染,工程采用防风抑尘网、喷水洒水抑尘、地面硬化构成露天储煤场防风抑尘集成技术,并对主要工艺参数进行了优化,运行期监测结果表明该集成技术抑尘率达88.5%,露天储煤场周界外颗粒物无组织排放浓度均低于《煤炭工业污染物排放标准》(GB 20426-2006)中相应标准限值。     

Investigating the use of green design parameters in UAE construction projects

Construction practices tend to have an adverse impact on the environment through their contribution to CO₂ emission, increased waste and energy consumption. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has launched many initiatives to encourage green design over the past years and to work towards a sustainable community. Nonetheless, such initiatives require a considerable amount of time to penetrate the professional psyche and showcase real results that are easily utilised by the construction community. The aim of this research was to study the current degree of use of Green Design Parameters (GDPs) in the UAE construction projects and to identify the main constraints that hinder their application. To achieve the study's objective, a survey was designed and distributed to engineering design professionals in different consulting and contracting companies in the seven emirates of the UAE. Feedback from 112 projects was examined and statistically analysed. The analysis showed a degree of awareness and use of some key GDPs. Moreover, the data showed no correlation between the degree of using GDPs in a project and its cost and schedule. Not surprisingly, the lack of knowledge about green parameters and the lack of trust in recycled materials are the main constraints that featured in the responses.