论乡镇工业排污收费

本文介绍了乡镇工业排污费的征收现状及特点；根据１９８９年全国乡镇工业污染源调查数据对乡镇工业排污费应征值作了测算，并从对乡镇工业、社会、财政收入和农村环境保护的影响以及征收可行性等方面进行了论证；在此基础上，对乡镇工业排污费实征率低的原因作了分析，提出了乡镇工业排污费征收、管理和使用的有关建议。     

云南分散畜禽养殖密集型农村污水特征及污染风险评价

农村污水是造成水环境污染的主要原因之一,它不仅是农村水源地的安全隐患,还会危害农民自身的生存发展,因此对农村污水特征分析及风险评价具有重大意义。通过对云南省文山州八道哨村(畜禽养殖型)的农村污水进行采样和处理,分析了总磷、正磷、总氮、氨氮、COD、p H等污染指标,明确了畜禽养殖型农村污水的污染特征状况。结果表明:每个样点排放污水的氮和COD浓度均超过了GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》,磷的浓度整体超过污染标准,仅有个别样点位于正常范围内;主干道污水的氮、磷和COD浓度均明显超过GB 18918—2002二级标准。通过运用内梅罗指数法对各污染指标进行统一处理,评价不同区域污水的污染程度。3个分区的内梅罗指数大小依次为东部(4.55)>中部(3.34)>西部(3.14),污染等级均为重污染。     

怎样强化新农村的消防工作

从具体的措施出发，阐述了做好新农村防火安全工作的具体内容，对现实的农村消防安全具有一定的指导作用。     

秦皇岛市乡镇工业污染防治对策研究

乡镇工业是农村生态经济系统的重要组成部分，随着乡镇工业的迅速发展，乡镇工业污染物排放量也急剧增加，已成为制约农村经济持续发展的主要因素之一。要改善日益恶化的农村生态环境，就必须先解决好乡镇工业污染问题。本文在秦皇岛市乡镇工业污染源调查统计结果的基础上，分析了乡镇工业环境污染的主要原因，并提出了相应的具可操作性的污染防治对策     

From the enclave to the city: the economic benefits of immigrant flexibility

While much attention has been paid to the entrepreneurial “base” of the ethnic economy, the enclave is primarily composed of thousands of hourly employees working in small co-ethnic or multi-ethnic immigrant firms. The US economy benefits from over 10?billion dollars in taxed income and wages from immigrants whose social security numbers do not match up with their employee tax identification numbers. Multiple mismatches and misinformation about immigrants (from an economic, cultural, and political standpoint) demonstrate the need to understand the unique potential of immigrant communities in facilitating urban growth. Koreatown in Los Angeles, an ethnic enclave economy that is also a central business district for many immigrant workers, is one emergent example of new types of flexibility around citizenship status and semi-formal jobs as they are negotiated on a daily basis in the neighbourhood. Previous studies of the ethnic enclave have maintained that there is a singular importance to the co-ethnic network (Korean to Korean, or Cuban to Cuban, for example), and yet this traditional characterisation of the ethnic enclave does not hold true in most urban ethnic enclaves, which include multiple ethnic groups working side by side. Interviews with Korean and Latino workers demonstrate the ways in which people (including undocumented individuals) contribute to the local economy, and informally communicate in neighbourhoods and cities to build a broader social and economic network outside of enclave boundaries.     

我国少数民族地区的生态环境保护略述

在数千年历史中,我国少数民族地区出现了种类众多、各具特色的生态环境保护实例,对当地的生态环境保护做出了贡献。本文通过介绍具有代表意义的各少数民族在长时期的生产、生活中积累的丰富经验以及他们在不同生态系统中分别采用的最为经济、有效的生态保护措施,来体现如何合理利用自然资源,以达到人与自然的高度结合,从而对我国当前生态环境保护制度起到借鉴作用。     

Cultural Relevance for Rural Community Development in China: A Case Study in Bai,Jingpo and Huyaodai Communities of Yunnan Province

Abstract

A three-year study over the Bai, Jingpo and Huayaodai communities in Yunnan Province reveals that the community development is significantly influenced in various ways by such cultural factors as the concepts of development; concepts and traditions of inter-community relationships, consumption, marriage and gender; patterns of decision-making and production, resource and income allocation; as well as the role of information dissemination systems, religion and ritual. Based on the analysis over the interactive relevance between each factor and community development, some strategies and methods for dealing with such a cultural relevance in development projects are recommended.     

中国乡镇企业环境管理区划研究

研究了全国乡镇企业环境管理区划,选择了13个指标：（1）枯水年径流深,（2）降水量,（3）大气污染系数,（4）森林覆盖率,（5）人均耕地面积,（6）县级环境管理机构人数,（7）人口密度,（8）人均国民收入,（9）乡镇企业经济密度,（10）乡镇企业行业结构的环境效应,（11）污径比,（12）原煤消耗密度,（13）乡镇企业技术进步。以模糊聚类数学方法作数量区划,把全国分为4个区、7个亚区。所作区划结果能基本满足国家级分区环境管理的需要。     

全国乡镇工业环境政策模拟实验

从大系统理论出发,利用系统仿真技术,首次建立全国乡镇工业环境政策模拟模型和实验方法,并利用本模型和方法预测了我国乡镇工业2000年的经济和环境发展趋势,开展了控制对策实验,提出了乡镇工业发展的污染控制对策的建议。