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131.
PaulR. Wolf Terrence J. Keating 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(2):312-319
ABSTRACT Necessary input parameters for studying mixing zone characteristics of thermal plumes are horizontal surface and subsurface water velocities. Using time lapse aerial photography and analytical photogrammetric techniques, movements of drogues in an effluent plume were traced. From these traces accurate velocity vectors were obtained. Photographic coordinates of drogue images were measured using a glass scale. From the photo coordinates and the results of a ground control survey, an analytical solution was made for positions of drogues in the water at known intervals of time. Drogue positions were mapped for selected exposures thereby providing a visual display of velocity vectors in the study area. A rigorous error analysis was performed to determine the validity of the computed results. 相似文献
132.
Keh‐Han Wang Kang‐Ren Jin Mehrdad Tehrani 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(2):441-456
ABSTRACT: This paper presents a field investigation of collecting hydrodynamic and sediment data in Lake Okeechobee with analyses examining mechanisms affecting sediment resuspension in the lake. Lake Okeechobee is a large subtropical lake located in south central Florida. Three‐dimensional flow velocities, suspended solids concentrations (SSC), and temperatures at four locations were measured from January 18 to March 5, 2000. Analyses of these data indicate that wind is the dominant factor in driving flow velocities and therefore transporting suspended solids. Wind direction also affects the SSC, especially in the north central and west littoral areas of the lake. The surface and bottom velocity components frequently flow in opposite directions, forming a stratification of the water column and preventing suspended solids from settling out. This retention of SSC in the water column may have a strong impact on the water quality of Lake Okeechobee. This study provides valuable storm event data and mechanism analyses, which will improve our understanding of the transport of suspended solids, thermal exchanges, and flow patterns within Lake Okeechobee. 相似文献
133.
实验室实验使用的试样,一般都是20-30g的微量。实验前必须对试样进行破碎预处理。由于目前没有满足要求的处理设备。实验人员仍使用传统的手工破碎方法。浪费了时间和精力。介绍一种微量试样破碎处理仪器,既满足实验室微量试样的破碎,还解决了轻质毛发类样品的破碎问题。破碎机构的降噪防尘设计,解决了粉尘和噪音污染的问题,并能在破碎时改善物质的堆积状态。有效地提高了破碎效率。 相似文献
134.
Il Won Seo 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1990,26(5):811-822
ABSTRACT: The non-Fickian nature of the longitudinal dispersion in natural channels during low flow has been investigated using both laboratory experiments and the numerical solution of the proposed mathematical model which is based on a set of mass balance equations describing the dispersion and mass exchange mechanisms. Laboratory experiments, which involved collection of channel geometry, hydraulic, and dye dispersion test data, were conducted to obtain sets of experimental data on a model of four pool and riffle sequences in a 161-ft long tilting flume in the Hydrosystems Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The experimental results indicate that flow over the model pool-riffle sequences is highly nonuniform. Concentration-time curves are significantly skewed with long tails. The mixing and dispersion in the laboratory channel was simulated using a numerical solution of the mathematical model in which the finite difference method developed by Stone and Brian (1963) was used as a solution technique. The comparison between measured and predicted concentration-time curves shows that there is a good level of agreement in the general shape, peak concentration, and time to peak. The proposed model shows significant improvement over the conventional Fickian model in predicting dispersion processes in natural channels under low flow conditions. 相似文献
135.
136.
春季黄海边界层内海盐细粒子氯亏损及混合状态研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为了解海盐气溶胶和亚洲出流污染物的相互影响,对2001年春季黄海边界层内观测的气溶胶细粒子可溶离子浓度(AGE-Asia中NCAR C-130飞机航测)进行了研究.所分析的6个航段(航段1~航段6)都位于黄海中部(124.0°E~125.1°E,34.3°N~36.4°N)的大气边界层内.离子摩尔比和相关分析表明,在所... 相似文献
137.
Hong Zhao Yunshan Ge Jianwei Tan Hang Yin Jiadong Guo Wei Zhao Peipei Dai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(11):1831-1838
The effects of different mixing ratios of methanol/gasoline blends and new three-way catalytic converter on regulated and unregulated emissions, especially VOC and carbonyl compound emissions were investigated. 相似文献
138.
河流横向混合系数的室内试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文在实验室矩形平直明渠内,对横向混合系数的公式结构进行了探讨.在室内模型内做大量的示踪试验,获得63组实验数据,在此基础上确定了关于横向混合系数的准数关系式,并对该式作了分析.由室内模型所归纳的公式和结论,可为天然顺直河流横向混合系数的确定提供参考. 相似文献
139.
F Desiato D Anfossi S Trini Castelli E Ferrero G Tinarelli 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》1998,32(24):274
Two Lagrangian particle models, APOLLO and MILORD, were used to simulate the first ETEX experiment. The role played by wind field, mixing height h and horizontal diffusivity KH appeared to be the most important aspects to be studied. The sensitivity to the accuracy of the input advection field was studied through the application of APOLLO using different ECMWF data sets differing in space and time resolution and in being forecasted or analysed, corresponding to the real-time, emergency-like condition, and to the a posteriori benchmark simulation. The role of h and KH was investigated by running both APOLLO and MILORD with different parameterisations, and comparing the model results between them and with the available observations.The model evaluation was carried out through a set of statistical indexes computed on three hourly average concentrations paired in space and time and time-integrated concentrations. It was found that the quality of the input wind field plays a major role in predicting with sufficient accuracy the plume position and extension after the first 24 h from the beginning of the release. The best-model results are obtained with large values of KH (in the range of 2.5×104–4.5×104 m2 s-1), which confirms the need to enhance the horizontal diffusion, in order to include the advection fluctuations unresolved by large-scale meteorological fields. A fixed value of h in the range 1000–1500 m seems to be more efficient than space and time variable h computed with standard algorithms. A reasonable explanation for this result is given, based on the consideration that in the long range, particles diffuse also in the residual layer above the stable nocturnal boundary layer. 相似文献
140.