渭南市道路移动源高分辨温室气体排放清单及特征研究

根据渭南市机动车保有量和抽样调查与观测数据,采用 MOVES 模型计算了渭南市 2017—2019 年道路移动源 CO₂、CH₄、N₂O 和 CO 4 种温室气体的排放量,分析了机动车车型、燃料和排放标准对温室气体排放量的影响.基于ArcGIS和渭南市道路网信息,建立了高分辨率(1 km×1 km 和 1 h×1 h)的温室气体排放清单 . 结果表明,渭南市 2019 年道路移动源 CO₂、CH₄、N₂O 和 CO 的排放量分别为 424.322×10⁴、0.044×10⁴、0.007×10⁴和 2.808×10⁴ t,以 CO₂当量计,机动车温室气体的总排放量为 432.843×10⁴ t. 4种道路移动源温室气体中,CO₂占总温室气体排放量的98.03%. 渭南市小型客车对温室气体的贡献率最大,分别排...     

基于微信平台微学习的安全宣教新模式研究

为促进安全宣传教育,打破传统安全宣教的局限性与不足,提出了基于微信平台微学习的安全宣教新模式。对安全宣教的内涵进行了分析,从现有宣教模式的不足出发,结合微信平台在移动教育上的优势,论证了基于微信平台开展安全宣教的可行性;分析了构建基于微信平台微学习的安全宣教新模式的核心理论:负荷理论、活动理论和安全教育理论;遵循PDCA循环构建了基于微信平台微学习的安全宣教新模式,包括前端分析、安全宣教实施过程、安全宣教绩效评估和安全宣教模式改进4个阶段;提出了应用安全宣教新模式的优化建议。研究结果表明:基于微信平台微学习的安全宣教新模式可以弥补现有安全宣教方法的不足,并能丰富安全宣传教育的理论基础。     

电脑和手机电磁辐射强度测试及防护对策

测试了电脑显示器和手机工作时电磁辐射强度的大小,总结了它们发射电磁波强度大小的规律,并与国家标准进行了比较,针对电磁波的危害提出了一些防护措施和对策。     

移动基站近距离区域电磁辐射污染分布特征

针对居住在城市移动基站附近的居民日益关注的电磁辐射污染问题,通过移动基站近距离区域电磁场分布连续24h监测与分析,研究正常工作日内基站周围近距离区域电磁场功率密度随时间和距离的变化,以及功率密度的概率分布,并根据24h各时段内的话务量,使用统计分析(SAS)系统对此影响因素进行相关性分析.结果显示,一天内移动基站天线附近电磁辐射随时间呈现明显的波动,其功率密度的概率分布接近正态分布,手机的话务量与电磁场强度具有一定的相关性.在近距离区域,功率密度随距离增加,在一定距离上出现峰值,峰值出现的距离与天线高度有关.对我国一般的城市基站,环境电磁辐射低于标准限值.     

四川省非道路移动源大气污染物排放清单研究

根据调查收集到的2015年四川省工程机械、农业机械、铁路机车、船舶和民航飞机的保有量、活动水平等数据,采用"排放因子法"计算了非道路移动源大气污染物排放量,分析了2015四川省非道路移动源的尾气污染排放特征,并建立了3km×3km的网格化排放清单.结果表明,2015年四川省非道路移动源排放的PM₁₀为1.38×10⁴t,PM_2.5为1.25×10⁴t,NO_x为1.83×10⁵t,THC为2.98×10⁴t,CO为1.21×10⁵t.工程机械对污染物的贡献率相对较高,占比达到70%;其次为农业机械,对NO_x和PM的贡献占比分别达到15%.工程机械和农业机械的排放主要集中在夏季和秋季,而飞机、铁路机车和船舶的时间变化较不明显;而从空间分布来看,高排放源主要分布于成都平原地区和川南地区.     

基于移动传感器的城市道路颗粒物污染特征

为实时分析城市道路环境中PM污染的变化特征,以出租车作为PM传感器的载体,对济南市道路环境进行了3个月的监测,并结合监测站的监测数据,对道路环境中PM的污染特征进行了分析.以核密度估计的方法提取了道路环境的PM“基线”,并量化了道路环境的排放贡献.结果表明,济南市PM污染严重的路段并不是位于交通较为密集的市区,而是集中在道路较为稀疏的郊区.将济南市路网系统划分为1021段道路,其中65%的路段PM_2.5浓度集中在43~46μg/m³,PM₁₀浓度在55~70μg/m³.相对于城市环境（监测站）,早晚高峰尤其早高峰对于道路环境（传感器）的影响更为显著.通过提取的PM“基线”和传感器的小时均值,将传感器的测量信号分为背景浓度信号和排放浓度信号.研究期间,PM_2.5区域污染和排放占比分别为78.6%和21.4%,对于PM₁₀而言,区域污染和排放占比分别为71.9%和28.1%.     

New Device Against Non-Thermal Effects from Mobile Telephones

Summary Objectives: The aim of this study is to initiate research in the field of biomedical engineering geared towards a reduction of non-thermal effects on the brain due to the use of mobile telephones. This line of research employs devices attached to the back of cellular-telephone cases. Methods: Under electromagnetic-environment controlled conditions EEG records have been obtained in 16 healthy subjects, with their eyes open at the base-line. These records were compared with the use of the mobile telephone with and without one of these devices for five minutes each, and having them statistically tested with Wilcoxon matched-pairs. Results: Differences between experimental EEG, with and without the use of the device, have been observed. These subtle changes basically affect Delta and Theta wave bands. Their distribution, (changes in the affected areas of the brain), also varies, above all in the frontal areas. Conclusions: The use of this device could reduce non-thermal effects of mobile telephones on the human EEG.     

Birds as Suppliers of Seed Dispersal in Temperate Ecosystems: Conservation Guidelines from Real‐World Landscapes

Abstract: Seed dispersal by animals is considered a pivotal ecosystem function that drives plant‐community dynamics in natural habitats and vegetation recovery in human‐altered landscapes. Nevertheless, there is a lack of suitable ecological knowledge to develop basic conservation and management guidelines for this ecosystem service. Essential questions, such as how well the abundance of frugivorous animals predicts seeding function in different ecosystems and how anthropogenic landscape heterogeneity conditions the role of dispersers, remain poorly answered. In three temperate ecosystems, we studied seed dispersal by frugivorous birds in landscape mosaics shaped by human disturbance. By applying a standardized design across systems, we related the frequency of occurrence of bird‐dispersed seeds throughout the landscape to the abundance of birds, the habitat features, and the abundance of fleshy fruits. Abundance of frugivorous birds in itself predicted the occurrence of dispersed seeds throughout the landscape in all ecosystems studied. Even those landscape patches impoverished due to anthropogenic disturbance received some dispersed seeds when visited intensively by birds. Nonetheless, human‐caused landscape degradation largely affected seed‐deposition patterns by decreasing cover of woody vegetation or availability of fruit resources that attracted birds and promoted seed dispersal. The relative role of woody cover and fruit availability in seed dispersal by birds differed among ecosystems. Our results suggest that to manage seed dispersal for temperate ecosystem preservation or restoration one should consider abundance of frugivorous birds as a surrogate of landscape‐scale seed dispersal and an indicator of patch quality for the dispersal function; woody cover and fruit resource availability as key landscape features that drive seedfall patterns; and birds as mobile links that connect landscape patches of different degrees of degradation and habitat quality via seed deposition.     

论移动互联网技术下的教师和教学

移动互联网技术下不断出现一些新教学模式如慕课、同步课堂、翻转课堂、专递课堂等,教师职业主次颠倒,建议采取教师职业再造、教学过程再造、课程模式再造和教学管理再造等应对策略.参19.     

闽赣地区跨断层垂直形变与地震关系初探

利用闽赣地区跨断层流动垂直形变测量资料 ,对该地区断层现今活动的动态过程及空间分布进行了初步研究。结果表明 ,闽赣地区断层现今活动具有时空不均一性 :时间上具有准同步转折及阶段性特点 ,各阶段的活动速率和方式不同 ;空间上具有区域差异性 ,坑北—前梧断层活动速率最高 ,白竹湖断层活动速率最低。讨论了断层活动与地震的关系 ,认为 1984年以来 4次准同步转折均与地震有关。