中试MBBR装置强化氨氮去除速率的影响条件研究

采用中试MBBR组合工艺处理深圳市布吉河道的城镇污水,进水平均氨氮浓度为(25.88±7.73)mg/L,出水平均为(1.11±1.93)mg/L.单因素小试研究表明,反应器中挂有生物膜的悬浮填料具有强化氨氮去除的效果,投加该填料时获得的比氨氧化速率比采用活性污泥进行反应提高了25.5%;试验条件下通过投加甲醇将COD从139mg/L提高至587mg/L,比氨氧化速率从2.55mg/(gMLVSS·h)下降至1.91mg/(gMLVSS·h);当MLVSS浓度从0.45g/L逐步提高到4.05g/L时,容积氨氧化速率从3.68mg/(L·h)线性增加至7.82mg/(L?h),拟合度R2为0.967,但比氨氧化速率随MLVSS浓度的提高反而逐渐下降,从8.24mg/(gMLVSS·h)降至1.93mg/(gMLVSS·h);当温度从5℃升高到35℃,比氨氧化速率从0.99mg/(gMLVSS·h)提高至2.89mg/(gMLVSS·h),采用Arrhenius经验方程描述时,拟合度R2为0.970;当DO浓度从0.5mg/L逐步增加至4.0mg/L时,比氨氧化速率从0.62mg/(gMLVSS·h)提高至2.28mg/(gMLVSS·h),Monod方程可以很好的描述DO浓度与比氨氧化速率之间的关系,拟合度R2为0.994,氨氧化半饱和常数值为3.0mg O2/L.     

Downward Migration of Dense Bottom Currents

The focus of this paper is on the dynamics of a dense current flowing along the continental slope, and the frictionally induced downward motion it experiences. In particular, the movement of the lateral boundaries where the isopycnals meet the bottom are considered. The current is taken to be wide compared to the Rossby radius, which is in accordance with observations and makes the dynamics quasigeostrophic. The time development of the plume thickness is studied, using three different parameterisations for the bottom friction.Independently of the choice of parameterisation, the following results are obtained: In the central part of the plume friction acts as a diffusive process to minimise the curvature of the upper surface of the plume. At the upper edge the plume quickly approaches a state with small slope, i.e. small geostrophic velocity and small frictionally induced downward flow. At the lower edge a tongue of dense water shoots out creating a widening layer. The thickness of the migrating layer is approximately equal to the boundary layer depth and its downward speed is comparable to the along-slope geostrophic velocity. The downslope end of the migrating layer may form a steep front which requires some precautions in the numerical procedure.     

悬挂链曝气技术应用于河流污染治理

在介绍了悬挂链曝气技术的特点和在复氧曝气方面的适用性的基础上,对该技术的局限性进行了阐述,并认为悬挂链技术为河流污染治理提供了一种新选择。     

基于地理标记照片的入境游客空间特征与移动轨迹——以南京市为例

随着互联网与社交媒体的兴起,用户分享内容中的地理标记数据成为旅游流研究的重要对象。以南京入境旅游流空间特征为研究对象,以2010—2018年Flickr平台内南京地理标记照片为基础,利用DBSCAN算法、ArcGIS 10.2等方法与技术探究南京入境旅游热点区域、游客移动轨迹特征及模式。研究结果显示：（1）南京入境游客访问峰值出现在3-6月及10月,以一日游为主。（2）南京AOI空间分布差异明显,历史城区是南京入境旅游最热门区域,其AOI分布与旅游景区、商业购物等相关产业空间高度重合;中心城区的AOI分布数量次之,钟山风景区是其热度核心,深受热衷历史文化的游客追捧;郊区的AOI分布数量最少,基本与当地旅游景区相吻合。（3）单日游和多日游的游客移动轨迹网具有显著差异性,分别体现在网络范围、网络体系、旅游对流及转移差值4个方面。（4）南京入境游客移动轨迹模式可划分为区域内部移动轨迹模式和区域间移动轨迹模式。根据上述研究结果,分别针对历史城区、中心城区及郊区提出相应的发展建议。     

MBBR处理制药废水的试验研究

采用二级移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)处理呋喃铵盐制药废水。在填充比为40%,总水力停留时间为32h时,COD的去除率为88.6%,TN的去除率为25.7%,第二级反应器对NH3-N的去除率为56.2%。     

城市景观格局时空特征的热环境效应研究——以广州市花都区为例

1999-2009 年,广州市花都区经历了经济腾飞的10 a,不断变迁的城市景观格局时刻影响着热环境的分布.论文基于Landsat TM/ETM+遥感数据,获得地温反演图和土地利用类型图.采用均值-标准差法划分热力等级以分析热力重心变化,并与建设用地重心变化作对比.通过移动窗口得出可视化的景观指数,指数刻画包括景观多样性和建设用地密度、形状和分布状况,进而分析景观指数与地温间的相关性.研究结果表明:区内南部受人类活动影响最为剧烈;土地利用类型并非是影响地温分布的唯一因素;区内城市景观格局多样性与地温虽存在正相关关系,但随着多样性程度加剧且各组合面积比例均匀,降低了两者相关程度;建设用地面积比例、分离度与地温的相关关系较为稳定,且比例较高或分离度较低的所在区域通常为高温区;建设用地平均分维指数与地温的相关性随着其形状的复杂性加剧和分布范围扩大而降低,即影响了高温形成的程度.     

沸石悬浮填料生物移动床的亚硝化特性

本研究以沸石为重要原料研制新型沸石悬浮填料,并将其用于启动沸石悬浮填料移动床反应器(ZMBBR),与装填普通陶粒的陶粒悬浮填料移动床(CMBBR)对比考察其亚硝化性能.结果表明:通过游离氨(FA)抑制的方法快速实现两种反应器的稳定亚硝化,两个反应器出水亚硝酸氮积累率均能达到90％以上;沸石对铵离子的吸附解吸作用使ZMB...     

MBBR与A/O法对污水中有机物及氮处理效果的研究

实验在不同水力停留时间（HRT）、进水COD浓度和不同COD容积负荷条件下考察了移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR）和活性污泥A/O工艺对污水中有机物及氮的处理效果。结果表明,MBBR工艺去除有机物和脱氮效果均优于A/O工艺。在进水COD和NH₃－N浓度分别为1000和25 mg/L,HRT为8 h时,MBBR的COD和TN去除率分别为92％和94％,而A/O工艺分别为78％和82％。造成这种结果的原因是MBBR的生物活性高,并且在生物膜内发生了同时硝化反硝化。MBBR脱氮能力受COD冲击明显小于A/O,但在较低进水COD浓度下,两者TN去除率均较低。     

移动电极电除尘器除尘效率的计算

移动电极静电除尘器通过清灰刷除掉阳极板上收集的粉尘,阳极系统为移动电极（即作回转运动的集尘极）阳极板呈带条状,固定在链条上,随链轮转动。移动电极静电除尘器有效克服了困扰常规电除尘器对高比电阻粉尘的反电晕及振打二次扬尘等问题,大幅度提高了除尘效率。提供常规固定电极除尘区与移动电极除尘区联合使用的除尘器除尘效率计算公式。     

CFD Prediction of Air Quality in the Area between Two City Vehicular Tunnels Considering Moving Cars

Concentration fields of different pollutants that spread outside two roadtunnels predicted with a CFD code will be presented. The solution domain represents the city area located between two tunnel outlets – tunnel Strahov and tunnel Mrazovka in Prague. The vicinity of both tunnels is a heavily built up area with tall buildings forming typical street canyons. The CFD modelling predicts the situation after the tunnel Mrazovka will be finished and traffic will increase considerably between both tunnels. Namely, an interest was given to the prediction of dispersion of emissions leaving both tunnel and the area touched by the traffic. For the CFD predictions, a method previously developed for moving vehicles was used. The method uses combination of Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches to moving objects and is capable of modeling different speeds and traffic rates of cars as well as traffic-induced turbulence. Influence of several meteorological parameters was studied, namely wind speed and direction and traffic parameters, like traffic rates and speed of cars. The method separates contributions from different sources to the total concentration field, namely from background, tunnel outlet and roadway. Results are presented in the form of horizontal and vertical concentration fields of NO_x.