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671.
672.
Laszlo Farago 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1988,31(2):83-88
The author provides an account of Hungarian regional policy and planning during the last 40 years, describing a socialist state trying to escape from a centrally planned economy. The paper discusses the consequences of the reforms and the problems of conflict resolution which resulted. The author argues that central planning will continue to be necessary in the future, and that there is a need to strengthen the co‐ordinative role of regional plans. 相似文献
673.
Roger Smith 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1984,27(1):18-22
The British Ecological Society has suggested that computer‐based techniques could be used in the coordination of policies across different land uses in upland planning. This paper looks briefly at one such technique — a linear programming model — and describes its use at a regional scale for the Sedburgh area in north‐west England. The paper concludes with consideration of why such models are not in more common use. 相似文献
674.
Ian Brotherton 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1984,27(2):92-97
The Countryside Commission's report, “A Better Future for the Uplands”, contains recommendations that seek a better balance between conservation and farming and conservation and forestry: recommendations that concern the uplands as landscape. This paper considers the recommendations under three headings — those which seek to reduce conflict, those which seek to reinforce the voluntary approach to conflict resolution, and those which seek to extend control. The paper concludes with a consideration of the likely effectiveness of the measures proposed. 相似文献
675.
Patricia Bobrow Barbara Gaige Glenn Harris Joyce Kennedy Leslie King William Raymond Darrin Werbitsky 《Environmental management》1984,8(1):45-53
This study compares the effectiveness of two regional planning agencies in terms of public support for various planning activities. The Adirondack Park Agency and the Temporary State Commission on Tug Hill have fundamentally different approaches to planning. The Adirondack Park Agency has implemented a restrictive regulatory program with little citizen participation by Adirondack residents. The Tug Hill Commission has implemented an advisory and coordinating program with an emphasis on public input. Residents of two towns in each region were surveyed to determine environmental concern and support for regional planning activities. Respondents from both regions favored a planning agency that incorporates citizen input; controls air, water, and toxic waste pollution; and develops recreation areas. They strongly opposed an agency that regulates private land-use. Basic demographic characteristics and levels of environmental concern were similar in all four towns, but receptivity to various planning activities was consistently greater among residents of the Tug Hill Region. Paired comparisons of the four towns demonstrated no differences between towns of the same region and significant differences between towns of different regions. Public support for regional planning is greater in the Tug Hill Region than in the Adirondack Park. 相似文献
676.
David?S.?LembergEmail author Rolland?Fraser 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,10(3):265-276
Residential lakeshore development is causing increasing pressure on the lacustrine environment. Traditional landscaping patterns
produce lakes ringed with lawns at the expense of the naturally occurring shoreline habitat. In this work, we present a mathematical
model to select path locations to minimize impacts on the lakeshore environment, while providing convenient access to the
landowners. 相似文献
677.
Spatial based compromise programming for multiple criteria decision making in land use planning 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sumbangan Baja David M. Chapman Deirdre Dragovich 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2007,12(3):171-184
Today, competing land use is continuing to occur in many developed regions. In the Agricultural Development Zone of Western
Sydney Region, which is characterised by complex landscape patterns, land use competition is widespread. From a land use planning
perspective, identification of suitable locations for a given type of land use is necessary for decision makers to formulate
land use alternatives in different locations, based on existing land potential and constraints. For such a region, use of
a simple method that implements a categorical system and considers only inherent land characteristics in the analysis is often
inadequate to arrive at an optimal spatial decision. The primary aim of this paper is to develop spatial modelling procedures
for agricultural land suitability analysis using compromise programming (CoPr) and fuzzy set approach within a geographical
information systems (GIS) environment. Five main sets of spatial data for use as decision criteria were developed by using
fuzzy set methodology: a land suitability index (LSI) for maximising the land productivity objective; an erosion tolerance
index (ETI) for minimising the erosion risk objective; a runoff curve number (CN) for maximising the water discharge regulation
objective; an accessibility (RP) measure for maximising the land accessibility objective; and the proximity to water body
(WP) for minimising the water pollution objective. An L
p
-metric was used in the analysis utilising different strategies with representative indices ranging from a situation where
full tradeoff among criteria occurs to a noncompensatory condition. Different weighting combinations were also applied, and decision analysis was carried out by using values ranging
from 0 to 1.0, where 1.0 is considered as an ideal point. The CoPr model demonstrated in this paper yielded a promising result,
as several different techniques of sensitivity analysis show reasonably good results. Likewise, an overlay of that result
with the present land use/land cover indicates a good corresponding spatial matching between existing land use (orchard and
cultivated land), and the cells (land parcels) classified as the best in CoPr. The results are amenable to various map display
techniques, either using continuous values or by defining different cut off points in the data space within a raster GIS environment. 相似文献
678.
During World War II, a military airport was built inside the city of Reykjavik. This airport then became the centre of domestic
aviation for the whole country. Today, 50 years later, the airport tract has become valuable for urban development. The city
government therefore wants the airport relocated. Four different sites have been considered. The first alternative is to maintain
the airport in the same place. A second alternative is based on reclaiming land alongside the present airport. A third possible
site is in a rugged lava field south of Reykjavik, and the fourth alternative is to move the domestic traffic to Keflavik
International Airport about 60 km away. The relocation has become a hot issue in the country. The people living in the countryside
want to keep the airport in the same place. On the other hand, people living in Reykjavik see the airport land as valuable
potential for urban development close to the city centre. To approach this debate in an orderly fashion, the four sites have
been studied from an environmental and socio-economic point of view. The four alternatives are classified by four different
categories: (1) economy and capital investment, (2) social impacts, (3) direct environmental consequences, and (4) public
safety. Firstly, the last three categories were evaluated and weighted, and all four alternatives graded according to their
environmental quality. Secondly, using the results of a separate cost-effectiveness study, a Pareto optimality solution is
suggested. Finally, sensitivity analysis was carried out to investigate how the “environmental” factors through their variation
can influence the final selection. 相似文献
679.
顾岗 《环境监测管理与技术》1997,9(2):42-43
根据利用计算机辅助制图在编制环境规划中的体会和经验,阐述它在环境规划中的应用。 相似文献
680.
陶平 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2006,26(6):41-44
我国城市总体规划的环境影响评价刚刚起步,其研究的技术方法体系还处于探讨阶段,这给城市总体规划环境影响评价的实施带来了理论和实践上的障碍。文中针对城市总体规划设计了评价指标体系,从规划分析、环境影响分析、减缓措施和环境管理计划4方面阐述了评价内容。并对现有的评价技术方法进行了总结。 相似文献