Assessment of physically-based and data-driven models to predict microbial water quality in open channels

In the present study,a physically-based hydraulic modeling tool and a data-driven approach using artificial neural networks (ANNs) were evaluated for their ability to simulate the fate and transport of microorganisms in a water system.To produce reliable data,a pipe network was constructed and a series of experiments using a fecal coliform indicator (Escherichia coli 15597) was conducted.For the physically-based model,morphological (pipe size,link length,slope,etc.) and hydraulic (flow rate) conditions were used as input variables,and for ANNs,water quality parameters (conductivity,pH,and turbidity) were used.Both approaches accurately described the fate and transport of microorganisms (physically-based model: correlation coefficient (R) in the range of 0.914 – 0.977 and ANNs: R in the range of 0.949 – 0.980),with the exception of one case at a low flow rate (q = 31.56 cm 3 /sec).This study also indicated that these approaches could be complementarily utilized to assess the vulnerability of water facilities and to establish emergency plans based on hypothetical scenarios.     

基于创新动手能力人才培养模式下的环境工程专业实习教学的改革与探讨

实习环节对环境工程专业学生创新动手能力的培养具有举足轻重的作用。论文分析了新形势下实习所面临的典型问题,提出了调整实习时机、完善实习基地建设、丰富实习方式、改革考核形式等实习改革措施,并指出最重要的和最迫切的是实习时机和实习方式的调整,建议今后应做好实习前准备工作,加强多媒体手段在实习教学中的研究和运用。     

关于改进麻石水膜除尘脱硫技术的探讨

锅炉除尘技术很多,近年来麻石水膜式除尘器得到了广泛的应用,同时麻石水膜除尘器技术也不断得到进步,从技术方案创新和工艺改进方面都取得了很大的成绩,值得我们去总结和探讨。     

Emerging design strategies in sustainable production and consumption of textiles and clothing

This study contributes to current knowledge of sustainability in textile and clothing production and consumption. When the textile and clothing industry aims to promote sustainability, the main change factors have been linked to eco-materials and ethical issues in production. At present, however, business models are mainly linked with a large volume of sales and production. Although industrial development has moved toward smaller environmental impact, production as well as consumption has increased to levels where the benefits of technological development are reduced. A change is thus needed to reach a systemic transformation, not only in production but also in consumption. The aim of this paper is to open up the discussion on opportunities for radical change in this industry. The paper presents ways to rethink and redesign business in the textile and clothing field by offering an overview on several design strategies that exist today in niche markets. Furthermore we evaluate how interested consumers are in these design strategies and discuss the opportunities these design approaches offer to sustainable development through new value creation.     

柳州市环境综合治理二期工程的关联性和创新性介绍

柳州市环境综合治理二期工程是一个综合打捆的工程项目包,是一期工程的延续和完善,既包含了对一期工程成果的沿河流向上游进行水环境追溯治理的保护,又包含了对一期工程形成的环境影响副产品--城市污水处理厂污泥的综合处置.二期工程的建设内容,充分体现了水域治理需要全线开展的关联性特点,以及利用水泥厂的水泥窑直接协同处置城市污水处...     

不同设置方式下的防风网抑尘效果对比

为对比防风网不同设置方式对露天堆场起尘的影响,以某露天煤堆场为例,结合现场实测数据对数值计算方法进行了验证,并根据实际堆场设计了4种设网方案。通过计算各料堆表面摩阻风速的分布,统计出了各方案下的全年起尘率。结果表明：当防风网呈＂口＂型设置时,抑尘效果最好;沿全年主导风向上方向呈＂L＂型设置时,抑尘效果最差。比较＂П＂型...     

科技创新战略中的“十二五”环境保护规划展望

本文对黑龙江省"十二五"期间经济又好又快发展、城镇化进程加快等因素带来的环境压力以及需重点关注的环境问题进行了分析,提出要创新思路,完善环境科技支撑体系,发展壮大环保产业,以解决重大环境问题为突破,推动环境科技创新,为黑龙江省环境保护"十二五"规划编制提供思路。     

天津市近郊地表风蚀型开放源对中心城区影响估算研究

可吸入颗粒物(PM₁₀)是我国大部分城市环境空气的首要污染物,地表风蚀尘是其重要来源,需要对该源的贡献量进行定量估算.基于TM遥感影像对天津土地利用类型进行分类并在近郊布设94个点采集地表土壤样品,进行粒度分析,基于GIS进行克里格插值计算,得到土壤粒径分布.结合风向、风速等气象数据,计算得出2009年分季节近郊四区（北辰、西青、津南和东丽）土壤风蚀模数、风蚀量、释尘模数和释尘量.结果表明,天津市近郊春、夏、秋和冬的风蚀量分别为21236.31、 4435.21、 7272.13和17204.40 t;北辰、西青、津南和东丽的全年风蚀量分别为6380.23、 32881.13、 8340.67和2546.02 t;全年耕地和林草地的风蚀量分别为49 599.20和548.85 t.天津市近郊2009年释尘量分别为9352.92 t（粒径＜10 μm）、 20587.99 t（粒径10～15 μm）和13873.74 t（粒径15～20 μm）.天津市近郊输入中心城区20　μm以下的尘量为20592.91 t, 10 μm以下的尘量为4395.89 t,占21.35%.     

开阔海域围填海规划的水质影响评价方法——以福建省湾外围填海为例

基于开阔海域围填海的特殊性,已有的水质影响评价定量方法较难直接应用。本文通过水动力因子分析确定污染物扩散条件,根据水质现状、围填面积和规划利用方式确定水质压力。基于上述污染物扩散条件和水质压力参数,以水质影响程度等级作为评价结果,设计了半定量评价矩阵对福建省湾外围填海规划的10个围填区进行了水质影响评价。评价结果表明:其中有1个围填区水质影响程度较大,其余围填区水质影响程度均在中等以下。此外,水质影响程度评价结果可同时为湾外围填海规划决策者提供相应的决策依据。案例应用表明:该半定量方法可以推广应用于决策型的、影响机制复杂、不确定性较强的人类活动的水质影响评价。     

浅谈露天煤矿环境问题及其解决方法

随着露天煤矿的开发和利用,矿山的环境问题已经引起社会上的广泛关注和思考。本文针对露天煤矿开采对生态环境的破坏与影响,从开采设备的选取、合理运输系统确定、数字矿山的建立、资源的合理利用等多个方面阐述了解决露天煤矿环境问题的方法．从而使矿山企业走上绿色、环保、高效的可持续发展道路。