碳排放权交易机制、家族控制与绿色创新效率

随着“双碳”战略持续推进,碳排放权交易机制作为一种市场型环境规制工具,通过不同主体根据自身需求对碳排放限额进行交易,从而实现碳配额资源的有效配置。碳排放权交易机制基于外部组织合法性的压力机制与内部社会情感财富的动力机制两方面对家族企业绿色创新效率产生重要影响。本文选取2010—2019年我国2417家家族企业,建立多期DID面板模型,从家族控制视角探讨了碳排放权交易机制对家族企业绿色创新效率的影响。研究发现,碳排放权交易机制促进了家族企业绿色创新效率,家族控制弱化了两者间的正向关系。当家族企业处于低CO2排放额度地区且实际控制人代数为一代时,两者关系及家族控制对两者关系的调节效应更显著。机制分析发现,碳排放权交易机制宏观层面通过降低规制强度与碳排强度、微观层面通过提高战略差异度与信息透明度来促进家族企业绿色创新效率。因此,本文从低碳资产的“提质增效”、风险管理和低碳技术推广三个方面改善家族企业绿色创新效率,以最终实现家族企业的基业长青和可持续发展。     

Post-conflict health reconstruction: search for a policy

Despite increasing experience in health reconstruction in societies emerging from conflict, the policy basis for investing in the development of equitable and effective health systems in the wake of war remains unsettled. Consideration of post-conflict health reconstruction is almost entirely absent in donor policies on global health. Practically by default, health programmes are seen increasingly as an element of stabilisation and security interventions in the aftermath of armed conflict. That perspective, however, lacks an evidence base and can skew health programmes towards short-term security and stabilisation goals that have a marginal impact and violate the principles of equity, non-discrimination, and quality, which are central to sound health systems and public acceptance of them. A better approach is to ground policy in legitimacy, viewing health both as a core social institution and one that, if developed according to human rights principles, including equity, non-discrimination, participation and accountability, can advance the effectiveness and the quality of governance in the emerging state.     

水利工程建设项目安全生产违规行为分析及监管模式优化

为优化水利工程建设项目安全监管模式、提高安全监管效能,选取山东省2020年重点水利工程质量安全监督报告进行统计分析,梳理出项目法人、代建单位、施工单位、监理单位、设计单位的安全生产违规行为共计1289个,以行为安全“2-4”模型为理论依据,对高频不安全行为产生的原因和规律进行研究。结果显示:水利工程建设项目五方参建单位的高频不安全行为中,安全管理体系程序文件不完善及执行过程不佳的组织不安全行为累计649频次,组织成员安全知识、意识、习惯不佳产生的个人不安全行为累计331频次。据此提出可将监管重点放在对参建单位管理体系的建立与运行上进行组织不安全行为控制,进而控制组织成员个人不安全行为,达到事故预防的目的。