全文获取类型
收费全文 | 153篇 |
免费 | 33篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 3篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 155篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
基础理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 2篇 |
评价与监测 | 6篇 |
社会与环境 | 3篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 14篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 5篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 15篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有195条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
81.
82.
83.
为了揭示不同流域滨岸带的生态功能,于2015年夏季采集太湖西部苕溪流域和天目湖流域不同滨岸带(林地、耕地、草地、荒地)土壤,利用连续顺序提取法获得无机磷形态,分析土壤磷形态的空间分布特征、影响因素以及土壤磷形态与地下水中TDP(总溶解性磷)的联系.结果表明:苕溪滨岸带的磷形态含量总体上高于天目湖滨岸带,但组成方面有所差异.滨岸带土壤的NH4Cl-P(弱吸附态磷)、BD-P(还原态磷)、NaOH-P(金属氧化物结合态磷)含量随土壤深度的增加而降低,HCl-P(钙结合态磷)含量随土壤深度的增加而增加,耕地表现得最为明显.从高地到滨水带,草地和荒地的磷形态含量有略微增加的趋势,而林地和耕地的磷形态含量均降低,耕地同样表现得最为明显.苕溪滨岸带磷形态含量的水平变幅大于天目湖滨岸带.相关性分析表明,土壤NaOH-P对地下水中TDP的贡献较大,有机质、黏土矿物和碳酸盐对磷形态有明显的影响;苕溪滨岸带土壤性质对其磷形态的影响较弱,而天目湖滨岸带比较明显.因此,苕溪和天目湖流域不同滨岸带土壤磷形态的空间分布存在差异,影响因素也不同;土壤磷形态与地下水中TDP有明显关系,尤其是NaOH-P. 相似文献
84.
Watershed-Based Survey Designs 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Detenbeck NE Cincotta D Denver JM Greenlee SK Olsen AR Pitchford AM 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,103(1-3):59-81
Watershed-based sampling design and assessment tools help serve the multiple goals for water quality monitoring required under
the Clean Water Act, including assessment of regional conditions to meet Section 305(b), identification of impaired water
bodies or watersheds to meet Section 303(d), and development of empirical relationships between causes or sources of impairment
and biological responses. Creation of GIS databases for hydrography, hydrologically corrected digital elevation models, and
hydrologic derivatives such as watershed boundaries and upstream–downstream topology of subcatchments would provide a consistent
seamless nationwide framework for these designs. The elements of a watershed-based sample framework can be represented either
as a continuous infinite set defined by points along a linear stream network, or as a discrete set of watershed polygons.
Watershed-based designs can be developed with existing probabilistic survey methods, including the use of unequal probability
weighting, stratification, and two-stage frames for sampling. Case studies for monitoring of Atlantic Coastal Plain streams,
West Virginia wadeable streams, and coastal Oregon streams illustrate three different approaches for selecting sites for watershed-based
survey designs. 相似文献
85.
Amy M. Marcarelli Ashley A. Coble Karl M. Meingast Evan S. Kane Colin N. Brooks Ishi Buffam Sarah A. Green Casey J Huckins David Toczydlowski Robert Stottlemyer 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2019,55(2):442-458
Lake Superior receives inputs from approximately 2,800 tributaries that provide nutrients and dissolved organic matter (DOM) to the nearshore zone of this oligotrophic lake. Here, we review the magnitude and timing of tributary export and plume formation in Lake Superior, how these patterns and interactions may shift with global change, and how emerging technologies can be used to better characterize tributary–lake linkages. Peak tributary export occurs during snowmelt‐driven spring freshets, with additional pulses during rain‐driven storms. Instream processing and transformation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can be rapid but varies seasonally in magnitude. Tributary plumes with elevated DOC concentration, higher turbidity, and distinct DOM character can be detected in the nearshore during times of high runoff, but plumes can be quickly transported and diluted by in‐lake currents and mixing. Understanding the variability in size and load of these tributary plumes, how they are transported within the lake, and how long they persist may be best addressed with environmental sensors and remote sensing using autonomous and unmanned vehicles. The connections between Lake Superior and its tributaries are vulnerable to climate change, and understanding and predicting future changes to these valuable freshwater resources will require a nuanced and detailed consideration of tributary inputs and interactions in time and space. 相似文献
86.
Connectivity of Streams and Wetlands to Downstream Waters: An Integrated Systems Framework 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Scott G. Leibowitz Parker J. Wigington Jr. Kate A. Schofield Laurie C. Alexander Melanie K. Vanderhoof Heather E. Golden 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2018,54(2):298-322
Interest in connectivity has increased in the aquatic sciences, partly because of its relevance to the Clean Water Act. This paper has two objectives: (1) provide a framework to understand hydrological, chemical, and biological connectivity, focusing on how headwater streams and wetlands connect to and contribute to rivers; and (2) briefly review methods to quantify hydrological and chemical connectivity. Streams and wetlands affect river structure and function by altering material and biological fluxes to the river; this depends on two factors: (1) functions within streams and wetlands that affect material fluxes; and (2) connectivity (or isolation) from streams and wetlands to rivers that allows (or prevents) material transport between systems. Connectivity can be described in terms of frequency, magnitude, duration, timing, and rate of change. It results from physical characteristics of a system, e.g., climate, soils, geology, topography, and the spatial distribution of aquatic components. Biological connectivity is also affected by traits and behavior of the biota. Connectivity can be altered by human impacts, often in complex ways. Because of variability in these factors, connectivity is not constant but varies over time and space. Connectivity can be quantified with field‐based methods, modeling, and remote sensing. Further studies using these methods are needed to classify and quantify connectivity of aquatic ecosystems and to understand how impacts affect connectivity. 相似文献
87.
Jason M. Zink Gregory D. Jennings G. Alexander Price 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2012,48(4):762-773
Zink, Jason M., Gregory D. Jennings, and G. Alexander Price, 2012. Morphology Characteristics of Southern Appalachian Wilderness Streams. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(4): 762‐773. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2012.00647.x Abstract: Watersheds without urbanization or impacts from logging are rare in the southern Appalachian Mountains. The Joyce Kilmer/Slickrock Wilderness of North Carolina and Tennessee contains 24 km2 of old‐growth forest, with the balance of the wilderness in a mature second‐growth forest. The watersheds of Little Santeetlah and Slickrock Creek are located within the wilderness. Morphological information, including channel dimensions and longitudinal profiles, was gathered from 14 alluvial stream reaches in these watersheds. The study sites had drainage areas from 0.25 to 41.6 km2 and stream slopes from 0.014 to 0.104 m/m. Bankfull cross‐section dimensions of the study stream reaches were strongly correlated to drainage area across the observed range of slopes and bed morphology. Cross‐section area and width relationships for the streams in this study did not differ significantly from regional curves for the mountain physiographic region of North Carolina. Observations of these reaches did not suggest a definitive rule regarding the proportion of steps and riffles in streams. Pools occupied greater than 50% of the length in all stream reaches with slopes less than 0.07 m/m. Significant correlation existed between step height ratio and slope, suggesting that step height can be approximated as the product of channel width and slope. Riffle length and riffle slope ratios were also significantly correlated with slope, though pool spacing was not. 相似文献
88.
Nicholas A. Procopio Robert A. Zampella 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2023,59(1):146-160
In all, 13 stream water-quality parameters, including specific conductance (SC), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), three nutrients, and six major ions were compared between the northern bedrock and southern coastal plain regions of New Jersey, USA and related to watershed-disturbance gradients characterized by the percentage of urban land, impervious surface (IS), agriculture, and altered land (sum of urban land and agriculture) in the watersheds. SC, DO, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and chloride concentrations were greater in the north. DOC was higher and pH was lower in the south. Nutrient, potassium, and sulfate concentrations did not differ between regions. Regional water-quality differences are attributed to geologic setting and land use. Except for DO in southern streams, all water-quality parameters were related to urban land, agriculture, or both. Significant correlations between urban land and IS and water-quality variables were similar in both regions with differences in unitless correlation coefficients ranging from 0.00 to 0.06. Compared to urban land and agriculture, relationships between most water-quality variables and altered land were stronger in the south. The extent of urban and agricultural lands in the watersheds did not differ by region. Altered land was correlated with urban land in both regions and with agriculture only in the south. Although focused on New Jersey, this study has broader implications for watershed planning. 相似文献
89.
Kathleen M.B. Boomer Donald E. Weller Thomas E. Jordan Lewis Linker Zhi‐Jun Liu James Reilly Gary Shenk Alexey A. Voinov 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2013,49(1):15-39
Boomer, Kathleen M.B., Donald E. Weller, Thomas E. Jordan, Lewis Linker, Zhi‐Jun Liu, James Reilly, Gary Shenk, and Alexey A. Voinov, 2012. Using Multiple Watershed Models to Predict Water, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Discharges to the Patuxent Estuary. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1‐25. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2012.00689.x Abstract: We analyzed an ensemble of watershed models that predict flow, nitrogen, and phosphorus discharges. The models differed in scope and complexity and used different input data, but all had been applied to evaluate human impacts on discharges to the Patuxent River or to the Chesapeake Bay. We compared predictions to observations of average annual, annual time series, and monthly discharge leaving three basins. No model consistently matched observed discharges better than the others, and predictions differed as much as 150% for every basin. Models that agreed best with the observations in one basin often were among the worst models for another material or basin. Combining model predictions into a model average improved overall reliability in matching observations, and the range of predictions helped describe uncertainty. The model average was not the closest to the observed discharge for every material, basin, and time frame, but the model average had the highest Nash–Sutcliffe performance across all combinations. Consistently poor performance in predicting phosphorus loads suggests that none of the models capture major controls. Differences among model predictions came from differences in model structures, input data, and the time period considered, and also to errors in the observed discharge. Ensemble watershed modeling helped identify research needs and quantify the uncertainties that should be considered when using the models in management decisions. 相似文献
90.
John F. Joseph Hatim O. Sharif Jeffrey G. Arnold David D. Bosch 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2013,49(2):300-318
Abstract: The calibration of basin‐scale hydrologic models consists of adjusting parameters such that simulated values closely match observed values. However, due to inevitable inaccuracies in models and model inputs, simulated response hydrographs for multiyear calibrations will not be perfectly synchronized with observed response hydrographs at the daily time step. An analytically derived formula suggests that when timing errors are significant, traditional calibration approaches may generally underestimate the total event‐flow volume. An event‐adaptive time series is developed and incorporated into the Nash‐Sutcliffe Efficiency objective function to diagnose the potential impact of event‐flow synchronization errors. Test sites are the 50 km2 Subwatershed I of the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREWswI) in southeastern Georgia, and the 610 km2 Little Washita River Experimental Watershed (LWREW) in southwestern Oklahoma, with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool used as the hydrologic model. Results suggest that simulated surface runoff generation is 55% less for LREWswI when the daily time series is used compared with when the event‐adaptive technique is used. Event‐flow generation may also be underestimated for LWREW, but to a lesser extent than it may be for LREWswI, due to a larger portion of the event flow being lateral flow. 相似文献